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Wim nsakrae wɔ Australia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Wim nsakrae ayɛ asɛm a ɛho hia wɔ Australia fi afeha a ɛto so 21 no mfiase. Australia reyɛ hyew kɛse na ɔhyew a ano yɛ den, kwae mu ogya, ɔpɛ, nsuyiri, ne ogya bere a ɛkyɛ esiane wim nsakrae nti. Wim tebea ho nsɛm bi ne wuram ogya, ɔhyew asorɔkye, ahum, po mu nsu a ɛkɔ soro, ne nsu a ɛtɔ.[2][3][4]
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Efi afeha a ɛto so 20 mfiase no, Australia anya nkɔanim a ɛboro 1.4 °C wɔ afe afe ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro,[5] a ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro mmɔho abien wɔ mfe 50 a atwam no mu bere a wɔde toto mfe 50 a atwam no ho no[6]. Nnansa yi wim tebea mu nsɛm te sɛ ɔhyew a ɛkɔ soro kɛse ne ɔpɛ a atrɛw no ama aban ne ɔmanfo adwene asi nea wim nsakrae de ba Australia so.[7] Osu a ɛtɔ wɔ Australia anafo fam atɔe no so atew 10–20% fi 1970 mfe no mu, bere a Australia kesee fam apuei nso anya nkɔanim a ɛkɔ fam fi 1990 mfe no mu. Wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ osu bɛtɔ kɛse na ɛntaa tɔ, na ɛtaa tɔ wɔ ahohuru bere mu sen sɛ ɛbɛtɔ wɔ awɔw bere mu. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ Australia afe afe ɔhyew bɛkɔ soro 0.4–2.0 °C asen 1990 dodow wɔ afe 2030 mu, ne 1–6 °C wɔ afe 2070. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ osu a ɛtɔ wɔ Australia anafo fam atɔe ne anafo fam apuei no so bɛtew wɔ saa bere yi mu, bere a mpɔtam te sɛ atifi fam atɔe no, osu betumi atɔ kɛse.
Wim nsakrae reka asasepɔn no so nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ne nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia. Australia yɛ mmerɛw wɔ wiase nyinaa hyew a wɔahyɛ ho nkɔm sɛ ɛbɛba mfe 50 kosi 100 a edi hɔ no ho esiane mmeae a osu ntɔ kɛse na ɛhɔ yɛ kusuu fa bi, ne wim tebea a ɛyɛ hyew dedaw, osu a ɛtɔ afe biara a ɛsakrasakra kɛse nti. Ogya ho asiane kɛse a ɛwɔ asasepɔn no so no ma ɔhyew ne wim tebea mu nsakrae a ɛyɛ mmerɛw yi yɛ kɛse. Saa berɛ yi, Australia mpoano bɛnya nsuo a ɛtɔ ne nsuo a ɛbɛtɔ afiri wiase po mu nsuo a wɔbu akontaa sɛ ɛkɔ soro 8–88 cm. Australia abɔde a nkwa wom soronko te sɛ Great Barrier Reef ne mmoa ahorow pii nso da asiane mu.
Wim nsakrae nso wɔ nkɛntɛnso ahorow wɔ Australia sikasɛm, kuayɛ ne ɔmanfo akwahosan so.[8] Nsunsuansoɔ a wɔahyɛ ho nkɔm no bi ne nsuyiri a emu yɛ den, ɔpɛ, ne ahum.[9] Bio nso, Australiafo dɔɔso wɔ mpoano mmeae a ɛpo mu nsu a ɛrekɔ soro no wɔ asiane mu kɛse, na nhyɛso a ɛwɔ hɔ dedaw wɔ nsu a wɔde ma so no bɛyɛ kɛse. Australiafoɔ Abibifoɔ a wɔde wɔn ho bɛhyɛ wim nsakraeɛ nkɛntɛnsoɔ mu no yɛ kɛseɛ ɛnam asetena ne sikasɛm mu ɔhaw a ɛwɔ hɔ dada a ɛne atubrafoɔ ne atubrafoɔ akyi a wɔde wɔn to nkyɛn no wɔ abusuabɔ nti. Mpɔtam a wim nsakraeɛ aka wɔn kɛseɛ ne deɛ ɛwɔ Atifi fam a Aboriginefoɔ ne Torres Strait Islanderfoɔ yɛ nnipa dodoɔ no mu 30%.[10] Aboriginefo ne Torres Strait Islander mpɔtam a ɛwɔ mpoano atifi fam no na wonni ahotɔ kɛse esiane asetra ne sikasɛm mu nsɛm ne wɔn ho a wɔde to atetesɛm asase so de nya aduan, amammerɛ, ne akwahosan nti. Eyi ama asɛmmisa asɔre ama mpɔtam hɔfo pii a wɔwɔ saa mmeae yi sɛ, "So ɛsɛ sɛ yɛtra hɔ anaasɛ yetu kɔtra baabi foforo?"[10]
Australia nso yɛ ɔman a ɛboa ma wim nsakrae ba, na mframa a ɛma wim yɛ hyew a obiara tow gu no boro wiase nyinaa de. Ɔman no de ne ho to fango ne fango afoforo so kɛse, ɛwom sɛ ahoɔden a wɔyɛ no foforo a wɔde kata so no renya nkɔanim de.[11] Ɔman no mmɔdenbɔ a wɔde brɛ nneɛma ase no bi ne bɔhyɛ a ɛne sɛ ebedu afe 2050 no, wɔbɛma mframa bɔne biara a wɔtow gu no aba wɔ Paris Apam no ase, ɛwom sɛ Australia akɔ so anyɛ yiye mpɛn pii wɔ Wim Tebea Nsakrae Adwumayɛ Ho Nkyerɛkyerɛmu ne amanaman ntam gyinabea afoforo mu wɔ ne wim tebea ho botae ahorow ne ne di mu de. Wobetumi ayɛ nsakraeɛ wɔ ɔman ne mpɔtam[12] na wɔkyerɛɛ sɛ ɛyɛ adeɛ a ɛhia paa ma Australia wɔ 2007 Garnaut Nhwehwɛmu mu.
Wim nsakrae ayɛ asɛm a ɛde mpaapaemu anaa amammuisɛm ba wɔ Australia amammuisɛm mu fi 2000 mfe no mu, na ɛboa ma aban ahorow a ɛtoatoa so no de nhyehyɛe ahorow a wɔde brɛ ɔhaw ase te sɛ carbon bo a wɔbɔ no di dwuma na wotwaa mu. Australia nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔfo binom ahyɛ wim tebea ho nsɛm a ɛnteɛ ho nkuran. Asɛm no ama wɔayɛ ɔsɔretia de aboa wim nsakrae ho nhyehyɛe ahorow, a ɔyɛkyerɛ akɛse a wɔayɛ wɔ Australia abakɔsɛm mu no bi ka ho.