Malaŵi
Charu mu Afilika / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Charu cha Malaŵi |
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Chiluso: "Unity and Freedom" | ||||||
Nyimbo: Mlungu dalitsani Malaŵi (Chichewa) (English: "O God Bless Our Land of Malawi")[1] |
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Malo gha Malaŵi (pakubiliŵila) kumwera chakumafumiro gha dazi kwa Africa
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Msumba Waboma kweneso Msumba Usani | Lilongwe | |||||
Chiyowoyelo chaboma | English
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Viyowoyelo vyaboma | ||||||
Viyowoyelo vyakumanyikwa vyamuvigaŵa | ||||||
Mitundu ya Ŵanthu (2018 census[2]) |
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Vipembezo |
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Mwenecharu | Malawian | |||||
Mtundu wa Boma | Unitary presidential republic | |||||
- | President | Lazarus Chakwera | ||||
- | Vice-President | Saulos Chilima | ||||
- | House Speaker | Catherine Gotani Hara | ||||
- | Chief Justice | Rizine Mzikamanda | ||||
Kujilamulila kufuma ku United Kingdom | ||||||
- | Dominion | 6 July 1964 | ||||
- | Republic | 6 July 1966 | ||||
- | Current constitution | 18 May 1994 | ||||
Ukulu wa Malo | ||||||
- | Malo | 118,484 km2 (99th) 45,747 sq mi |
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- | Maji (%) | 20.6% | ||||
Chiŵelengelo cha ŵanthu | ||||||
- | 2020 estimate | 20,091,635[3] (62nd) | ||||
- | 2018 census | 17,563,749[2] | ||||
- | Density | 153.1/km2 (56th) 396.5/sq mi |
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GDP (PPP) | 2022 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $35.0 billion[4] (137th) | ||||
- | Per capita | $1,558[4] (186th) | ||||
GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate | |||||
- | Total | $11.5 billion[4] (149th) | ||||
- | Per capita | $523[4] (190th) | ||||
Gini (2016) | 44.7[5] medium |
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HDI (2021) | 0.512[6] low ·169th |
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Ndalama | Malawian kwacha (D) (MWK ) |
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Mtundu Wanyengo | CAT (UTC+2) | |||||
Kalembelo kasiku | dd/mm/yyyy | |||||
Woko la galimoto | left | |||||
Intaneti yacharu | .mw[7] | |||||
* Population estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.
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Malaŵi [8] ntcharu icho chili kumwera kwa Afrika icho kale chikachemekanga Nyasaland. Charu ichi chili na mphaka na Zambia kumanjiliro gha dazi, Tanzania kumpoto na kumpoto kwa kumafumiro gha dazi, na Mozambique kumafumiro gha dazi, kumwera na kumwera kwa kumanjiliro gha dazi. Malaŵi yili na malo ghakujumpha 118,484 km2 (45,747 sq mi) ndipo ŵanthu ŵakukwana 19,431,566 (kufika mu Janyuwale 2021).[9] Msumba ukuru wa Malawi ni Lilongwe. Msumba ukuru comene waciŵiri ni Blantyre, wacitatu ni Mzuzu, ndipo wacinayi ni Zomba. Zina lakuti Malawi lili kufuma ku lizgu lakuti Maravi, ilo kale ŵanthu ŵa ku Chewa ŵakachemekanga nalo. Caru ici cikucemeka "Mtima Wakupokelera wa ku Africa" cifukwa ca ŵanthu awo mbalusungu.[10]
Chigaŵa cha Africa icho sono chikuchemeka Malawi, ŵanthu ŵa mtundu wa Bantu ndiwo ŵakakhalanga mu charu ichi cha m'ma 1000 C.E. Pakati pajumpha vyaka vinandi, mu 1891, charu ichi chikaŵa pasi pa Britain ndipo chikachemekanga Nyasaland. Mu 1953, charu ichi chikazgoka chigaŵa cha Rhodesia na Nyasaland. Wupu uwu ukamara mu 1963. Mu 1964, boma la Nyasaland likamalizga kulamulira charu ichi. Pakati pajumpha vyaka viŵiri, charu ichi chikazgoka charu cha Republic. Charu ichi chikamba kujiyimira paŵekha, ndipo mu 1970 chikaŵa pasi pa muwuso wa chipani chimoza..[11][12][13] Mazuŵa ghano, charu cha Malawi chili na boma la vyaru vinandi ilo likulongozgeka na pulezidenti. Lazarus Chakwera wa chipani cha Malawi Congress Party ndiyo wakalongozga chipani cha Tonse Alliance icho chili na vipani vinkhondi na viŵiri ndipo ndiyo wakathereska pa mavoti agho boma likapeleka pa 23 June 2020. Gulu la nkhondo la Malawi lili na ŵasilikari, ŵasilikari ŵa nkhondo, na ŵasilikari ŵa nkhondo. Ndondomeko ya Malawi ya vyaru vya kuwaro njakovwira ku vyaru vya kumanjiliro gha dazi. Chikuŵa na ubwezi uwemi na vyaru vinandi, ndipo chikukolerana na mawupu gha vyaru vinandi nga ni United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, Southern African Development Community (SADC), Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), na African Union (AU).
Malaŵi ni yimoza mwa vyaru vyakutalulira comene pa caru capasi. Charu ichi chikuthemba chomene pa ulimi, ndipo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakukhala ku mizi. Boma la Malawi likuthemba comene wovwiri wa ku caru cinyake kuti lifiske ivyo likukhumba, nangauli ndalama izo zikukhumbikwa (na wovwiri uwo ukupelekeka) zacepa comene kwambira mu 2000. Boma la Malawi likukumana na masuzgo ghanandi pa mulimo wake wa kuzenga na kusazgirako chuma, kunozga masambiro, kupwelelera umoyo, na kuvikilira cilengiwa. Kwamba mu 2005, Malawi wali na ndondomeko zinandi izo zikovwira pa nkhani izi, ndipo vinthu vikwenda makora mu charu ichi.
Malaŵi wali na umoyo wambura kukhumbikwa kweniso ŵana ŵanandi ŵakufwa. HIV/AIDS yikuthandazgika comene, ndipo ici cikupangiska kuti ŵantchito ŵacepe ndiposo kuti maboma ghacitenge ndarama zinandi. Mu charu ichi muli ŵanthu ŵakupambanapambana. Ŵanthu ŵakuyowoya viyowoyero vyakupambanapambana, ndipo pali visopa vyakupambanapambana. Nangauli kumanyuma kukaŵanga mphindano za mu vigaŵa ivyo vikachitikanga chifukwa cha kupambana mitundu, kweni mu 2008 mphindano izi zikamara ndipo ŵanthu ŵakambaso kuwona kuti munthu ni wa ku Malawi.