spectrum ya swiyimo leswi vangiwaka hi ku tluleriwa hi HIV From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
HIV/AIDS i nxaxamelo wa swikombiso swa vuvabyi lebyi vangiwaka hi xitsongwatsongwana xa HIV.[3][4][5] Endzhaku ko tluleriwa, munhu anga vona angarina swikombiso, kumbe avona swikombiso swo fana na swa vuvabyu bya mukhuhlwana. Hakanyingi nkarhi wo tluleriwa, wu landzela hi nkarhi woleha kuri hava swikombiso swa vuvabyi.[6] Loko vuvabyi byi karhi byi kula, byi kavanyeta masocha ya miri, naswona byi kurisa marhengu yo hlaseriwa hi mavabyi man'wana lama fanaka na vuvabyi bya xifuva (TB), swirhangana na marhumba, kukatsa na man'wana mavabyi lama tsongo. Swikombiso leswi swo hetelela swivuriwa vuvabyi bya AIDS. Xiyenge lexi xa vuvabyi xifambelana na ku ondza emirini.
| HIV/AIDS | |
|---|---|
| |
| ICD/CIM-10 | B20 B20 |
| ICD/CIM-9 | 042 • 043 • 044 042 • 043 • 044 |
| DiseasesDB | 5938 |
| MedlinePlus | 000594 |
Xitsongwatsongwana xa HIV hakanyingi xitlulelana loko vanhu va hlanganela timhaka ta masangu vanga tirirhisi swisirheleri, kumbe ku cheriwa ngati leyi ngana xitsongwatsongwana lexi, kumbe ku tirhisa nayithi leyi ngana xitsongwatsongwana lexi, kumbe kutluletiwa ka nyimba hi manana loyi atikeke, kuhlanganisa na kuveleka kumbe ku mamisa.[7] Swilo swo fana na marha kumbe mihloti ya munhu aswi tluleti xitsongwatsongwana xa HIV.[8] Tindlela to sivela vuvabyi lebyi tihlanganisa kuhlanganela masangu loku sirhelelekeke, kunga tirhisi tinayithi ta swarihanyo na van'wana, kutshungula lava tluletiweke, na ku yimba ka vaxinuna.[9] Vuvabyi eka vana byi nga siveriwa hi ku nyika manana na n'wana mirhi ya vuvabyi lebyi.[9] Kuhava nthlavelo kumbe nthsungulo wa vuvabyi lebyi, hambi swiritano kuna mirhi leyi kotaka ku antswisa swikombiso swa vuvabyi lebyi, naswona yi endla leswaku munhu ahanya vutomi byo antswa.[6][10] Kububumabumeriwa leswaku vanhu va sungula kudya mirhi endzhaku ka ku tiyisisa leswaku vana vuvabyi lebyi.[11] Handle ka mirhi ya vutshunguri, vanhu lava tluleriweke hixitalo vahanya kwalomu ka hansi ka malembe ya khume-n'we.[12]
Hi lembe ra 2016 akuri na kwalomu ka 36.7 wa timiliyoni ta vanhu lava hanyaka na xitsongwatsongwana xa HIV naswona kulove kwalomu ka 1 wa timiliyoni.[13] Xitalo xa vanhu lava ava kumeka e ndzongeni ra tiko-nkulu wa Afrika.[9] Kusukela loko vuvabyi lebyi byi tiviwa kuta fika eka lembe ra 2014, AIDS yi vangele kwalomu ka mafu ya 39 wa timiliyoni emisaveni hinkwayo.[14] HIV/AIDS yi voniwa tanihi ntungu - kunga vuvabyi lebyi vaka e tindzhawini to tala naswona byi yaka byi kula.[15] Ku ehleketwa leswaku xitsongwatsongwana xa HIV xingava xi tumbulukile evuxeni byale xikarhi ka tiko-nkulu ra Afrika eka malembe-xidzana ya vu 19 na 20.[16] AIDS yi tiyisiwile ro sungula hi Ndzawulo ya vulawuri na vusirheleri bya mavabyi (CDC) yale Amerikha hi lembe ra 1981, kasi xivangelo xa vuvabyi lebyi - xitsongwatsongwana xa HIV xitiyisiwile eka malembe lama landzeleke.[17]
HIV/AIDS yi vange nsusumeto wukulu eka nhlangano wavanhu, tanihi hi vuvyi byo kariha na xivangelo xa xihlahu-hlawu.[18] Vuvabyi lebyi byi thlela byi vangela ntshikelelo eka timhaka ta ikhonomi ya misava.[18] Kuna mavonelo yo tala lama hoxekeke mayelana na vuvabyi lebyi, kufana na leswaku vuvabyi lebyi byinga tlulelana hi ku khumba munhu kunene.[19] Vuvabyi lebyi byi vange minjhekanjhekisano ya vukhongeri kuhlanganisa na xiboho xa Vukhongeri bya vu Katolika byo ala ku seketela kutirhisiwa ka ti khondhomu eku sirheleleni vuvabyi lebyi.[20] Byi kokele kutekeriwa enhlokweni hi tindzawulo ta vutshunguri na Tipoliki ta misava, kuhlanganisa na ku seketeriwa hi timali ka migingiriko yo lwisana na byona kusukela loko byi hlavuteriwa hi malembe ya va 1980.[21]
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