|
Harp |
Soň-Orta-Baş |
Standard Mandarin aýtuwy |
Bopomofo |
Hanyu Pinyin |
Arap aýtuwy |
Pars aýtuwy |
Mysal |
Notlar |
1 |
|
|
/a/ [ɑ], [a] |
ㄚ |
a, a-, -a, -a- |
[ʔ], [æː~aː], [ɑː] |
[ʔ], [ɔ], [æ] |
اَ(阿ā) |
vowel sound |
2 |
|
|
/p/ [p], [b]- |
ㄅ |
b- |
[b] |
[b] |
بَا(爸bà) |
|
3 |
|
|
/pʰ/ [pʰ]- |
ㄆ |
p- |
none |
[p] |
پُ(婆pó) |
borrowed from Persian |
4 |
|
|
/tʰ/ [tʰ]- |
ㄊ |
t- |
[t] |
[t] |
تَا(塔tǎ) |
|
5 |
|
|
[tɕʰ]-, [ɕ]- |
ㄑ、ㄒ |
q-, x- |
[θ] |
[s] |
ثِئ(些xiē) |
sound change occurs when representing Chinese |
6 |
|
|
[tɕʰ]- |
ㄑ |
q- |
none |
none |
ٿْوݣ(穷qióng) |
|
7 |
|
|
/ʈ͡ʂ/ [ʈ͡ʂ], [ɖ͡ʐ] |
ㄓ |
zh- |
[dʒ]|[ɡ] |
[dʒ] |
جـْ(这zhè) |
sound change occurs when representing Chinese |
8 |
|
|
/ʈ͡ʂʰ/ [ʈ͡ʂʰ] |
ㄔ |
ch- |
none |
[tʃ] |
چـْ(车chē) |
borrowed from Persian |
9 |
|
|
/x/ [x]- |
ㄏ |
h- |
[ħ] |
[h] |
حـْ(河hé) |
used before syllable with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -e, -ei, -en, -eng |
10 |
|
|
/x/ [x]- |
ㄏ |
h- |
[x] |
[x] |
خـُ(湖hú) |
used before syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -u, -ua, -uai, -uan, -uang, -ui, -un, -uo |
11 |
|
|
/t/ [t], [d]-; [tɕ]- |
ㄉ |
d-, j- |
[d] |
[d] |
دٍْݣ(钉dīng) |
also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initial j- |
12 |
|
|
/ʦ/ [t͡s], [d͡z]- |
ㄗ |
z- |
[ð] |
[z] |
ذَىْ(在zài) |
|
13 |
|
|
/ɻ/ -[ɻ] |
ㄦ |
-r |
[r] |
[ɾ] |
لِر(粒儿lìr) |
represents the rhotic final -r sound |
14 |
|
|
none |
|
none |
[z] |
[z] |
زَكَاة(zakat) |
only used with Arabic loans |
15 |
|
|
/ɻ/ [ɻ], [ʐ]- |
ㄖ |
r- |
none |
[ʒ] |
ژْ(热rè) |
borrowed from Persian |
16 |
|
|
/s/ [s]-, [ɕ]- |
ㄙ、ㄒ |
s-, x- |
[s] |
[s] |
سٍ(信xìn) |
also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initials s- and sh- |
17 |
|
|
/s/ [s]- |
ㄙ |
s- |
none |
none |
(思sī) |
only used for entering tone or formerly entering tone syllables[disputed – discuss] |
18 |
|
|
/ʂ/ [ʂ]-, [ɕ]- |
ㄕ、ㄒ |
sh-, x- |
[ʃ] |
[ʃ] |
شِ(是shì) |
also used to represent a few syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin initial x- |
19 |
|
|
/s/ [s]- |
ㄙ |
s- |
[sˤ]|[sˠ] |
[s] |
صْ(色sè) |
|
20 |
|
|
none |
|
none |
[dˤ] |
[z] |
الْضَّاد(letter ḍād) |
only used with Arabic loans |
21 |
|
|
/ʦʰ/ [t͡sʰ]- |
ㄘ |
c- |
none |
none |
ڞْ(册cè) |
|
22 |
|
|
/ʦ/ [t͡s], [d͡z]- |
ㄗ |
z- |
[tˤ]|[tˠ] |
[t] |
طٌ(遵zūn) |
sound change occurs when representing Chinese |
23 |
|
|
/ʦ/ [t͡s], [d͡z]- |
ㄗ |
z- |
[ðˤ]|[ðˠ] |
[z] |
ظْ(作zuò) |
sound change occurs when representing Chinese |
24 |
|
|
/ə/ |
ㄜ |
e, e-, -e, -e- |
[ʕ] |
[ʔ] |
عـَ(恶è) |
a vowel when representing Chinese, but considered a consonant when representing Arabic and Persian loans |
25 |
|
|
none |
|
none |
[ɣ]|[ʁ] |
[ɣ~ɢ] |
غَبْن(criminal fraud) |
only used with Arabic loans |
26 |
|
|
/f/ [f]- |
ㄈ |
f- |
[f] |
[f] |
فِ(废fèi) |
|
27 |
|
|
/k/ [k], [ɡ]- |
ㄍ |
g- |
[q] |
[ɣ~ɢ], [q] |
قَ(个ge) |
sound change occurs when representing Chinese |
28 |
|
|
none |
|
none |
[k] |
none |
كَلِمَة(proverb) |
only used with Arabic loans |
28 |
|
|
/kʰ/ [kʰ]- |
ㄎ |
k- |
none |
[k] |
کْ(可kě) |
borrowed from Persian |
29 |
|
|
none |
ㄍ |
none |
none |
[ɡ] |
گنج(treasure) |
borrowed from Persian and only used with Persian loans |
30 |
|
|
[tɕ]- |
ㄐ |
j- |
none |
none |
ڭِیُوَ(脚jiǎo) |
Used in most manuscripts to represent "j-". Some manuscripts drop the three dots and simply use "ک".[1] |
31 |
|
|
/l/ [l]- |
ㄌ |
l- |
[l] |
[l] |
لِ(里lǐ) |
|
32 |
|
|
/m/ [m]-, /n/ [n]- |
ㄇ |
m-, n- |
[m] |
[m] |
مِ(秘mì) |
|
33 |
|
|
/n/ [n]- |
ㄋ |
n- |
[n] |
[n] |
نِ(你nǐ) |
|
34 |
|
|
/x/ [x]- |
ㄏ |
h- |
[h] |
[h], [ɛ], [æ] |
هَا(哈hā) |
mostly used with Arabic loans, used before syllables with the Hanyu Pinyin finals -a, -ai, -an, -ang, -ao |
35 |
|
|
/u/ [u], [ʊ] |
ㄨ |
wu, u-, -u, -u- |
[w], [uː] |
[v], [u], [o], [ow] |
ءُ(无wú) |
vowel sound |
36 |
|
|
none |
|
none |
[j], [iː] |
none |
يَوْم(Judgement Day) |
only used with Arabic loans and a vowel sound |
36 |
|
|
/i/ [i], [ɪ] |
ㄧ |
yi, i-, -i, -i- |
[j], [iː], [æː~ɑː] |
[j], [i], [e] |
يَا(呀ya) |
borrowed from Persian and a vowel sound. (See Perso-Arabic ye) |
|