Greenland

Greenland (kwa Kiswahili Grinilandi pia; kwa Kikalaallisut: Kalaallit Nunaat = Nchi ya Wagreenland) ni nchi ya kujitawala chini ya ufalme wa Denmark lakini haihesabiwi kuwa sehemu ya Denmark yenyewe.

Kalaallit Nunaat
Grønland
Grinilandi

Bendera Nembo
Kaulimbiu ya taifa:
Wimbo wa taifa: Nunarput utoqqarsuanngoravit Nuna asiilasooq
Mji mkuu	Nuuk (Godthåb) 64°10′ N 51°43′ W
Mji mkubwa nchini	Nuuk (Godthåb)
Lugha rasmi	{{{official_languages}}}
Serikali Mfalme Waziri Mkuu	Demokrasia (serikali ya kibunge ndani ya ufalme wa kikatiba) Frederik X wa Denmark Múte Bourup Egede 2021
Eneo la kujitawala Kujitawala	1979 na zaidi 2009
Eneo  - Jumla  - Maji (%)	2,166,086 km² (ya 12) 83.1a
Idadi ya watu  - Machi 2022 kadirio  - Msongamano wa watu	56,583 (ya 210) 0.028/km² (ya 244)
Fedha	Krone ya Denmark (DKK)
Saa za eneo  - Kiangazi (DST)	(UTC0 to -4) (UTC)
Intaneti TLD	.gl
Kodi ya simu	+299 -
a As of 2000: 410,449 km² (158,433 sq. miles) ice-free; 1,755,637 km² (677,676 sq. miles) ice-covered. b 2001 estimate.

Eneo la Greenland ni kubwa, lakini idadi ya wakazi ni ndogo sana kwa sababu sehemu kubwa ya nchi (75%) imefunikwa na ganda nene la barafu.

Jina

Jina la Kiswahili limetokana na lile la Kiingereza "Greenland", ambalo ni tafsiri ya jina la Kidenmark "Grønland", linalomaanisha "nchi yenye rangi ya majani mabichi".

Jina hilo Greenland lilitungwa miaka 1000 iliyopita, kwa sababu wakati ule hali ya hewa duniani ilikuwa na joto zaidi, na hapakuwa na barafu nyingi kama leo.

Jiografia

Kijiografia Greenland, kisiwa kikubwa kuliko vyote duniani, ni sehemu ya bamba la Amerika ya Kaskazini lakini kihistoria na kisiasa kwa karne kadhaa imekuwa na uhusiano wa karibu na Skandinavia (Ulaya ya Kaskazini).

Mlima wa juu wa Greenland ni Mlima Gunnbjørn (m 3,694 juu ya UB) katika Watkins Range.

Barafuto ya Sermeq Kujatdlek upande wa magharibi wa Greenland.

Mji mkuu ni Godthaab inayoitwa Nuuk (17,000).

Watu

Wananchi wengi (89.5%) ni wakazi asilia wenye asili ya Asia, ingawa wengi wao wana pia damu ya Kizungu kwa asilimia 25. Lugha yao ndiyo lugha rasmi pekee tangu mwaka 2009. 8.6% ni Wazungu wenye asili ya Skandinavia na wanaongea Kidenmark ambacho kinaendelea kutumiwa na wote katika nafasi kadhaa. Wakazi wengi wanaweza kuongea lugha zote mbili.

Upande wa dini, walio wengi ni Wakristo (96.1%), hasa Walutheri (85%).

Greenland inaongoza duniani kwa asilimia ya watu wanaojiua, pamoja na kuwa na idadi kubwa ya walevi.

Marejeo

• Hessel, Ingo (2006). Arctic Spirit. Vancouver, BC: Douglas and McIntyre. ISBN 978-1-55365-189-5.
• Stern, Pamela (2004). Historical Dictionary of the Inuit. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. ISBN 0-8108-5058-3. OCLC 54768167.

Marejeo mengine

Grønland

• Bardarson, I. (ed. Jónsson, F.) "Det gamle Grønlands beskrivelse af Ívar Bárðarson (Ivar Bårdssön)", (Copenhagen, 1930).
• CIA World Factbook, 2000.
• Conkling, P. W. et al. 2011. The Fate of Greenland: Lessons from Abrupt Climate Change, co-authored with Richard Alley, Wallace Broecker and George Denton, with photographs by Gary Comer, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
• Lund, S. 1959. The Marine Algae of East Greenland. 1. Taxonomical Part. Meddr Gronland. 156(1), pp. 1–245.
• Lund, S. 1959. The Marine Algae of East Greenland. 11. Geographic Distribution. Meddr Gronland. 156, pp. 1–70.
• Steffen, Konrad, N. Cullen, and R. Huff (2005). "Climate variability and trends along the western slope of the Greenland Ice Sheet during 1991–2004," Proceedings of the 85th American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting (San Diego).
• Sowa, F. 2013. Indigenous Peoples and the Institutionalization of the Convention on Biological Diversity in Greenland. In: Arctic Anthropology. 50(1), pp. 72-88.
• Sowa, F. 2013. Relations of Power & Domination in a World Polity: The Politics of Indigeneity & National Identity in Greenland. In: Heininen, L. Arctic Yearbook 2013. The Arctic of regions vs. the globalized Arctic. Akureyri: Northern Research Forum, pp. 184-198.www.arcticyearbook.com/ay2013 Ilihifadhiwa 19 Februari 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Sowa, F. 2014. Greenland. in: Hund, A. Antarctica and the Arctic Circle: A Geographic Encyclopedia of the Earth’s Polar Regions. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, pp. 312-316.

Viungo vya nje

WikiMedia Commons

Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:

Greenland

• Tovuti rasmi Ilihifadhiwa 7 Septemba 2006 kwenye Wayback Machine.

Taarifa za jumla

• Greenland Ilihifadhiwa 14 Mei 2016 kwenye Wayback Machine. entry at Denmark.dk.
• Greenland entry at The World Factbook
• Greenland entry at Encyclopædia Britannica.
• A guide to Greenlandic Culture Ilihifadhiwa 2 Machi 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine. at culture.gl.
• Greenland Ilihifadhiwa 28 Agosti 2008 kwenye Wayback Machine. at UCB Libraries GovPubs.
• Greenland katika Open Directory Project
• Daily updated satellite images from Greenland
• Greenland profile from the BBC News
• Key Development Forecasts for the Kingdom of Denmark from International Futures
• Population in Greenland
• Official statistical information about Greenland from stat.gl.

Serikali

• Government Offices of Greenland Ilihifadhiwa 10 Machi 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Greenlandic Government Information Center Ilihifadhiwa 1 Machi 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine., the official English-language online portal (administered by the Greenland Ministry for Foreign Affairs)
• Departement of Foreign Affairs of Greenland Archived 2015-02-11 at Archive.today
• Greenland represented with the Kingdom of Denmark Embassies
• Summary vital statistics about Greenland from Naatsorsueqqissaartarfik.

Ramani

• Wikimedia Atlas of Greenland
• Satellite image of Greenland at the NASA Earth Observatory.

Vyombo vya habari

• Oil and Minerals Greenland Ilihifadhiwa 6 Februari 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine. at Arctic Journal
• Google news Greenland
• History of Greenland: Primary Documents Ilihifadhiwa 10 Februari 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine.
• Geological maps of Greenland Ilihifadhiwa 24 Januari 2015 kwenye Wayback Machine.

Biashara

• World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Greenland

Safari

• Visit Greenland – the official Greenlandic Tourist Board

Mengineyo

• The Norse in the North Atlantic: Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage Memorial University of Newfoundland.
• A Photographer’s View of Greenland Ilihifadhiwa 31 Machi 2016 kwenye Wayback Machine. Documentary produced by Murray Fredericks
• Vifanord.de – library of scientific information on the Nordic and Baltic countries.

Makala hii kuhusu eneo fulani bado ni mbegu. Je unajua kitu kuhusu eneo hilo kama historia yake, biashara, taasisi zilizopo, watu au utamaduni? Je, unaona habari katika wikipedia ya Kiingereza au lugha nyingine zinazofaa kutafsiriwa? Basi unaweza kuisaidia Wikipedia kwa kuihariri na kuiongezea habari. Usitaje majina ya madiwani na viongozi au maafisa wengine wa sasa maana wanabadilika haraka mno.