Viluwiri ni ndege wa jenasi mbalimbali za familia ya Rallidae. Spishi za jenasi Rallus zinaitwa kibilinzi pia. Viluwiri wa Afrika wana rangi zilizofifia na hawaoneki rahisi wotoni, lakini husikika mara zaidi. Wana domo refu, miguu myembamba na vidole virefu. Spishi nyingi zaidi zinatokea karibu na maji, mabwawani au nyikani majimaji ambapo hula wadudu na wanyama wadogo wa maji na wa matope. Kwa kawaida tago lao limefanyika kwa mimea ya maji kwa umbo wa bakuli mahali pakavu katika bwawa na huyataga mayai 2-12.
Maelezo zaidi Uainishaji wa kisayansi, Ngazi za chini ...
Kiluwiri |
![Thumb](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Black_crake1.jpg/250px-Black_crake1.jpg)
Kiluwiri mweusi |
Uainishaji wa kisayansi |
Himaya: |
Animalia (Wanyama)
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Faila: |
Chordata (Wanyama wenye ugwe wa neva mgongoni)
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Nusufaila: |
Vertebrata (Wanyama wenye uti wa mgongo)
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Ngeli: |
Aves (Ndege)
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Oda: |
Gruiformes (Ndege kama korongo)
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Familia: |
Rallidae (Ndege walio na mnasaba na viluwiri) Rafinesque, 1815 |
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Ngazi za chini |
Jenasi 29:
- Aenigmatolimnas Peters, 1932
- Amaurolimnas Sharpe, 1893
- Amaurornis Reichenbach, 1853
- Anurolimnas Sharpe, 1893
- Aramides Pucheran, 1845
- Aramidopsis Sharpe, 1893
- Atlantisia Lowe, 1923
- Coturnicops Gray, 1855
- Crecopsis Sharpe, 1893
- Crex Bechstein, 1803
- Cyanolimnas Barbour & Peters, 1927
- Dryolimnas Sharpe, 1893
- Eulabeornis Gould, 1844
- Gallirallus Lafresnaye, 1841
- Gymnocrex Salvadori, 1875
- Habroptila Gray, 1860
- Himantornis Hartlaub, 1855
- Laterallus Gray, 1855
- Lewinia Gray, 1855
- Megacrex Albertis & Salvadori, 1879
- Micropygia Bonaparte, 1856
- Neocrex Sclater & Salvin, 1869
- Nesoclopeus Peters, 1932
- Pardirallus Bonaparte, 1856
- Porzana Vieillot, 1816
- Rallina Gray, 1846
- Rallus Linnaeus, 1758
- Rougetius Bonaparte, 1856
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Funga
- Aenigmatolimnas marginalis, Kiluwiri Michirizi (Striped Crake)
- Amaurornis flavirostra, Kiluwiri Mweusi (Black Crake)
- Amaurornis olivieri, Kiluwiri wa Sakalava (Sakalava Rail)
- Amaurornis phoenicurus, Kiluwiri Kidari-cheupe (White-breasted Waterhen)
- Aphanapteryx bonasia, Kiluwiri Mwekundu (Red Rail) imekwisha sasa (kadiri ya 1700)
- Aphanocrex podarces, Kiluwiri Mkubwa wa Saint Helena (Saint Helena Rail) imekwisha sasa (mwanzo wa karne ya 16)
- Atlantisia rogersi, Kiluwiri wa Kisiwa Kisichofikika (Inaccessible Island Rail)
- Crecopsis egregia, Kiluwiri wa Afrika (African Crake)
- Crex crex, Kiluwiri wa Ulaya (Corn Crake)
- Dryolimnas augusti Kiluwiri wa Réunion Réunion Rail) imekwisha sasa (mwisho wa karne ya 17)
- Dryolimnas cuvieri, Kiluwiri Koo-jeupe (White-throated or Cuvier’s Rail)
- Erythromachus leguati, Kiluwiri wa Rodrigues (Rodrigues Rail) imekwisha sasa (kati ya karne ya 18)
- Himantornis haematopus, Kiluwiri Miguu-myekundu (Nkulengu Rail)
- Mundia elpenor Kiluwiri wa Ascension (Ascension Crake) imekwisha sasa (mwanzo wa karne ya 19)
- Porzana astrictocarpus Kiluwiri wa Saint Helena (Saint Helena Crake) imekwisha sasa (mwanzo wa karne ya 16)
- Porzana parva, Kiluwiri Mdogo (Little Crake)
- Porzana porzana, Kiluwiri Madoa (Spotted Crake)
- Porzana pusilla, Kiluwiri wa Baillon (Baillon’s Crake)
- Rallus aquaticus, Kiluwiri-maji au Kibilinzi wa Ulaya (European Water Rail)
- Rallus caerulescens, Kiluwiri-maji au Kibilinzi wa Afrika (African Water Rail)
- Rallus madagascariensis, Kiluwiri-maji au Kibilinzi wa Madagaska (Madagascar Water Rail)
- Rougetius rougetii, Kiluwiri wa Rouget (Rouget’s Rail)
- Gallirallus epulare (Nuku Hiva Rail)
- Gallirallus gracilitibia (Ua Huka Rail)
- Gallirallus huiatua (Niue Rail)
- Gallirallus ripleyi (Mangaia Rail)
- Gallirallus roletti (Tahuata Rail)
- Gallirallus storrsolsoni (Huahine Rail)
- Gallirallus vekamatolu (‘Eua Rail; ndege wa kufanana ameoneka kisiwani kwa Vava‘u mwaka 1793)
- Gallirallus cf. owstoni (Marianas Rail)
- Gallirallus sp. (New Ireland Rail)
- Gallirallus sp. (Norfolk Island Rail; ameendelea kuishi labda mpaka karne ya 19)
- ?Gallirallus sp. (Hiva Oa Rail)
- Porzana estramosi (Sajóvölgyi, Hungaria, mwisho wa Miocene)
- Porzana keplerorum (Small Maui Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana menehune (Liliput Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana piercei (Shore Hills, Bermuda, mwisho wa Pleistocene)
- Porzana ralphorum (Great O‘ahu Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana rua (Mangaia Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana severnsi (Great Maui Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana ziegleri (Small O‘ahu Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Easter Island Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Great Big Island Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Great Kaua‘i Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Huahine Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Mangaia Crake #2; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Marquesas Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Marianas Crake (labda spishi 2); mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Medium Kaua‘i Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Medium Maui Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana sp. (Small Big Island Crake; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Porzana cf. flaviventer (Bermuda)
- Rallus auffenbergi (kusini-mashariki ya Amerika ya Kaskazini, kati ya Pleistocene) - zamani Porzana
- Rallus eivissensis (Ibiza Rail; mwisho wa Quaternary)
- Rallus ibycus (Shore Hills, Bermuda, mwisho wa Pleistocene)
- Rallus lacustris (kati ya Amerika ya Kaskazini, mwisho wa Pliocene)
- Rallus natator (Pango la San Josecito, Mexico, Pleistocene) - zamani Epirallus
- Rallus phillipsi (Wickieup, MMA, mwisho wa Pliocene)
- Rallus prenticei (kati ya Amerika ya Kaskazini, mwisho wa Pliocene)
- Rallus recessus (St Georges, Bermuda, mwisho wa Pleistocene)
- Rallus richmondi - pamoja na R. dubius
- Rallus sp. (Sajóvölgyi, Hungary, kati ya Miocene)
- Rallus sp. (Rexroad, MMA, mwisho wa Pliocene)
Brown crake
Grey-necked wood rail
Slaty-breasted wood rail
Giant wood rail
Weka
Guam rail
Buff-banded rail
Lord Howe woodhen
Rufous-sided crake
Plumbeous rail
Sora
Ruddy-breasted crake
Slaty-legged crake
Red-legged crake
Austral rail
Clapper rail
King rail
Brown-cheeked rail
Virginia rail
Ridgway's rail
Bogota rail