Umar
2nd Rashidun Caliph from 634 to 644 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Umar ibn al-Khattab (Arabic: عُمَر بْن ٱلْخَطَّاب, romanized: ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; c. 582/583 – 644), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634, when he succeeded Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as the second caliph, until his assassination in 644. Umar was a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
Umar عمر | |
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2nd Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate | |
Reign | 23 August 634 – 3 November 644 |
Predecessor | Abu Bakr |
Successor | Uthman ibn Affan |
Born | c. 586 or 589 CE Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia |
Died | November 644 CE
(Muharram 01 AH) (aged 60–61) Medina, Hejaz, Rashidun Caliphate |
Burial | Prophet's Mosque, Medina |
Spouse | |
Issue (among others) |
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Tribe | Quraysh (Banu Adi) |
Father | Khattab ibn Nufayl |
Mother | Hantamah bint Hisham |
Religion | Islam |
Signature |
At first, Umar opposed Muhammad and was enemy of Islam. After his conversion to Islam in 616, Umar became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba.[3] Umar was assassinated by the Persian slave Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz in November 644.[lower-alpha 1]
Umar is said to be one of the most powerful Muslim caliphs.[5] He is revered in the Sunni Islamic tradition.[6] More than 50 hadiths speak of how he was the second greatest Sahabah after Abu Bakr.[7][8] He is viewed negatively in the Twelver Shia tradition, although Shi'ite figures often married into his family and named their children after him. They view his killer as a martyr although he was not a Muslim. [9]