List of heads of state of Costa Rica

First independent governments (1821–1824)

See also: Ochomogo War

On October 11, 1821, the province of Costa Rica proclaimed its absolute independence from Spain. On the 29th of that month, the city of Cartago, head of the Partido de Costa Rican, also signed an act declaring the absolute independence of the Spanish Government.

During this period the main divisions occurred between two sides; the imperialist who sought to annex Costa Rica to the First Mexican Empire and the Republican who sought full independence from Costa Rica. The monarchicals or monarchists also advocated the recognition of Agustín de Iturbide as emperor.

{{center| Political chief of the Province of Costa Rica<ref name="Clotilde" |- |colspan=7| <div class="center">   Republicans   Imperialists
		Juan Manuel de Cañas	Political chief	October 11, 1821 – November 12, 1821	Españolista
		Nicolás Carrillo y Aguirre	President of the Town's Legates Junta	November 12, 1821 – December 1, 1821	Imperialist
		Pedro José de Alvarado y Baeza	President of the Provisional Government Junta	December 1821– January 1822	Imperialist
		Rafael Barroeta y Castilla	President of the Electors Board	January 6–13, 1822; president of the Superior Government Junta, January 6 – April 13, 1822	Imperialist
		Santiago de Bonilla y Laya-Bolívar	President of the Superior Government Junta	13 Aprial – June 15, 1822	Liberal
		José María de Peralta	President of the Superior Government Junta	June 15 – October 17, 1822	Republican
		José Rafael Gallegos	President of the Superior Government Junta	17 octubre de 1822– January 1, 1823	Imperialist
		José Santos Lombardo	President of the Superior Government Junta	January 1 – March 20, 1823	Imperialist
		Rafael Francisco Osejo	President of the Diputación of Costa Rica	March 20–29, 1823	Republican
		Joaquín de Oreamuno	General Commander of Arms, de facto	March 29 – April 5, 1823	Imperialist
		Gregorio José Ramírez	General Commander of Arms, de facto	April 5 – 16, 1823	Republican
		José María de Peralta	President of the Constituent Provincial Congress	April 16 – May 10, 1823	Republican
		Manuel Alvarado e Hidalgo	President of the Superior Government Junta	1823–1824	Republican
		Eusebio Rodríguez y Castro	President of the Superior Government Junta	January 8 – February 12, 1824	Republican
		Manuel Alvarado e Hidalgo	President of the Superior Government Junta	February 12 – September 8, 1824	Republican

References