1512 (MDXII) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar, the 1512th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 512th year of the 2nd millennium, the 12th year of the 16th century, and the 3rd year of the 1510s decade. As of the start of 1512, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 15th century – 16th century – 17th century |
| Decades: | 1480s 1490s 1500s – 1510s – 1520s 1530s 1540s |
| Years: | 1509 1510 1511 – 1512 – 1513 1514 1515 |
| Gregorian calendar | 1512 MDXII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2265 |
| Armenian calendar | 961 ԹՎ ՋԿԱ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6262 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1433–1434 |
| Bengali calendar | 919 |
| Berber calendar | 2462 |
| English Regnal year | 3 Hen. 8 – 4 Hen. 8 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2056 |
| Burmese calendar | 874 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7020–7021 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛未年 (Metal Goat) 4208 or 4148 — to — 壬申年 (Water Monkey) 4209 or 4149 |
| Coptic calendar | 1228–1229 |
| Discordian calendar | 2678 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1504–1505 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5272–5273 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1568–1569 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1433–1434 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4612–4613 |
| Holocene calendar | 11512 |
| Igbo calendar | 512–513 |
| Iranian calendar | 890–891 |
| Islamic calendar | 917–918 |
| Japanese calendar | Eishō 9 (永正９年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1429–1430 |
| Julian calendar | 1512 MDXII |
| Korean calendar | 3845 |
| Minguo calendar | 400 before ROC 民前400年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 44 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2054–2055 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴金羊年 (female Iron-Goat) 1638 or 1257 or 485 — to — 阳水猴年 (male Water-Monkey) 1639 or 1258 or 486 |
- April 11 – Battle of Ravenna. French forces under Gaston de Foix, Duc de Nemours defeat the Spanish under Raymond of Cardona, but Gaston is killed in the fighting.
- October 19 – Martin Luther becomes a doctor of theology [Doctor in Biblia].
- October 21 – Martin Luther joins the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg
- November 1 – The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo (Michelangelo Buonarroti), is shown to the public for the first time.
- Juan Ponce de León discovers the Turks and Caicos Islands.
- Selim I succeeds Beyazid II as Sultan, ruler of the Ottoman Empire.
- Moldavia is conquered by the Turks.
- Copernicus writes Commentariolus and moves the sun to the center of the solar system.
- First use of the word "masque" to denote a poetic drama.
- Florentine Republic is dismantled and the Medici family comes back into power.
- January 31 – King Henry of Portugal (d. 1580)
- March 5 – Gerardus Mercator, Flemish cartographer (d. 1594)
- April 10 – King James V of Scotland (d. 1542)
- Galeazzo Alessi, Italian architect (d. 1572)
- Henry Balnaves, Scottish politician and religious reformer (d. 1579)
- Patrick Hepburn, 3rd Earl of Bothwell, Scottish renegade (d. 1556)
- Edward Fiennes Clinton, English admiral (d. 1585)
- Marcin Kromer, bishop of Warnia (d. 1589)
- James Lainez, Jesuit General and theologian (d.1565)
- Catherine Parr, sixth wife of Henry VIII of England (d. 1548)
- Mikolaj Rudy Radziwill, Polish magnate (d. 1584)
- Tabinshwehti, king who unified Burma
- Adrianus Turnebus, French classical scholar (d. 1565)
- Jeronimo Zurita y Castro, Spanish historian (d. 1580)
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