පැට්නා
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Patna (/ˈpætnə,_ˈpʌtʔ/,[7] Hindustani: [ˈpəʈnaː] (
අසන්න)) is the capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India.[8]It had an estimated city population of 2.48 million in 2021,[9] making it the 19th largest city in India.[10]Covering 250 square කිලෝmetres (97 sq mi) and over 2.5 million people, its urban agglomeration is the 18th largest in India. Patna serves as the seat of Patna High Court. One of the oldest continuously inhabited places in the world,[11] Patna was founded in 490 BCE by the king of Magadha. Ancient Patna, known as Pataliputra, was the capital of the Magadh Empire through Haryanka, Nanda, Mauryan, Shunga, Gupta and Pala dynasties. Pataliputra was a seat of learning and fine arts. It was home to many astronomers and scholars including Aryabhata, Vātsyāyana and Chanakya.[12][13] During the Maurya period (around 300 BCE) its population was about 400,000.[14] Patna served as the seat of power, and political and cultural centre of the Indian subcontinent during the Maurya and Gupta empires.[15] With the fall of the Gupta Empire, Patna lost its glory. It was revived again in the 17th century by the British as a centre of international trade. Following the partition of Bengal presidency in 1912, Patna became the capital of Bihar and Orissa Province.[16]
| Patna | |
|---|---|
| Metropolis | |
 Anticlockwise from top: South-West Gandhi Maidan Marg, Stupa of Buddha Smriti Park, Skyline near Biscomaun Bhawan, Patna Museum, river Ganges, Mithapur Flyover and Statue of Mahatma Gandhi in Gandhi Maidan | |
  Patna   Patna  Patna  Patna | |
| ඛණ්ඩාංක: 25.6°N 85.1°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Bihar |
| Division | Patna |
| District | Patna |
| Ward | 75 |
| Pataliputra | 490BC |
| ප්රාරම්භකයා | Udayin |
| ආණ්ඩුව / පරිපාලනය | |
| • අධිකරණ වර්ගය | Mayor–Council |
| • ඉහළම අධිකරණය | Patna Municipal Corporation |
| • Mayor | Sita Sahu, BJP Supported[1] |
| • Municipal Commissioner | Anupam Kumar Suman, IRS |
| • District Magistrate | Kumar Ravi, IAS |
| සරිය[2] | |
| • City | 250 කිමී2 (100 සතරැස් සැත) |
| • නාගරික | 600 කිමී2 (200 සතරැස් සැත) |
| • පුරවර | 1,167 කිමී2 (451 සතරැස් සැත) |
| භුමිප්රමාණ අනුස්ථිතිය | 18 |
| උන්නතාංශය[3] | 53 මී (174 අඩි) |
| ජනගහණය(2011)[4] | |
| • City | 1,695,000 (IN: 19th) |
| • නාගරික | 2,046,652 (IN: 18th) |
| • පුරවර | 3,440,000 |
| ජනනාමය(න්) | Patnawaasi, Patnaites |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[5] |
| • Additional official | Urdu[5] |
| • Regional | Magahi[6] |
| වේලා කලාප | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| Pincode(s) | 8000xx |
| Area Code(s) | +91-612 |
| ISO 3166 කේතය | IN-BR-PA |
| වාහන ලියාපදිංචිය | BR-01 |
| UN/LOCODE | IN PAT |
| Sex ratio | 980 females per 1000 males [4] ♀ / ♂ |
| Lok Sabha constituencies | Patna Sahib and Pataliputra |
| Vidhan Sabha constituencies | Digha (181), Bankipur (182), Kumhrar (183), Patna Sahib (184), Fatuha (185), Danapur (186), Maner (187), Phulwari-SC (188) |
| Planning agency | Patna Metropolitan Area Authority Bihar Urban Infrastructure Development Corporation |
| Climate | Cwa (Köppen) |
| Precipitation | 1,100 මිලිමීටර (43 in) |
| Avg. annual temperature | 26 °C (79 °F) |
| Avg. summer temperature | 30 °C (86 °F) |
| Avg. winter temperature | 17 °C (63 °F) |
| වෙබ් අඩවිය | patna.nic.in patnanagarnigam.in |
The modern city of Patna is mainly on the southern bank of the river Ganges. The city also straddles the rivers Sone, Gandak and Punpun. The city is approximately 35 කිලෝමීටර (22 mi) in length and 16 to 18 කිලෝමීටර (9.9 to 11.2 mi) wide. In June 2009, the World Bank ranked Patna second in India (after Delhi) for ease of starting a business.[17] As of 2015, Patna's per capita gross domestic product is 
1,06,000 ($1581).[18] Using figures for assumed average annual growth, Patna is the 21st fastest growing city in the world and 5th fastest growing city in India according to a study by the City Mayors Foundation. Patna registered an average annual growth of 3.72% during 2006–2010.[19] As of 2015, GDP per capita of Patna is ₹1,06,000 and its GDP growth rate is 7.29 per cent.
- List of cities in India by area
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