Uiser:Oukakisa/Buddhism
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Buddhism (/ˈbʊdɪzəm/ BUU-dih-zəm, /[unsupported input]ˈbuːd-/ BOOD-),[1][2][3] kent as Buddha Dharma an Dharmavinaya (transl. "lair an discipleenes") an aw, is æ Indien releegion an philosophical tradeetion basit on teachins attributit tæ Gautama Buddha.[4] Hit originatit in praisent-day Nor Indie as æ śramaṇa–muivement in i 5th century BCE, an gradualli spreid ootthrou a meikle o Asia via i Silk Road. Hit is i warld's fowert-lairgest releegion,[5] wi ower 520 million followers (Buddhists) foo comprise seiven percent o i global population.[6][7][8]
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Gautama Buddha's central lairs emphasise i aim o atteenin liberation fæ attachment or hingin-on tæ existence, fit is said tæ be markit bi impermanence (anitya), dissaitisfaction/dreein (duḥkha), an i absence o lestie pith (anātman).[9] He endorsit i Wey o i Midlins, æ path o speeritual development at avides baith sevendible asceticism an hedonism. Æ summary o 'is path is expressit in i Noble Echtfold Bruid, æ trainin o i mind throu observance o Buddhist ethics an meditation. Ither widely observit practeeses include: monasticism; "taking refuge" in i Buddha, i dharma, an i saṅgha; an i cultivation o perfections (pāramitā).[10]
Buddhist schuils vary in eir interpretation o i bruidstæ liberation (mārga), i relative importance an 'canonicity' assignit tæ various Buddhist texts, an eir speceefic teachins an practeeses an aw.[11][12] Twa major extant brainches o Buddhism ur generalli recognizit bi scholars: Theravāda (lit. 'School of the Elders') an Mahāyāna (lit. 'Great Vehicle'). I Theravada tradeetion emphasises i atteenment o nirvāṇa (lit. 'extinguishin') as æ means o transcendin i individual self an endin i cycle o deith an rebirth (saṃsāra),[13][14][15] file i Mahayana tradeetion emphasises i Bodhisattva-ideal, far een wirks fur i liberation o aw beins. I Buddhist canon is vast, wi a hantle o different textual collects in differ leids (sic as Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan an Cheenese).
I Theravāda brainch hæs æ braid fallæin in Sri Lanka an in Sootheast Asia an aw, maistli Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, an Cambodie. I Mahāyāna brainch — fit includes i tradeetions o Zen, Pure Land, Nichiren, Tiantai, Tendai, an Shingon — is maistli practicit in Nepal, Bhutan, Cheena, Malaysie, Vietnam, Taiwan, Korea, an Japan. Vajrayāna (lit. 'Indestructible Vehicle'), æ body o teachins attributit tæ Indie adepts, micht be viewt as æ separate brainch or tradeetion inwith Mahāyāna.[16] Tibetan Buddhism, fit preserves i Vajrayāna teachins o echt-century Indie, is practicit in iHimalayan kintras, an in Mongolie[15] an Russian Kalmykia an aw. Historicalli, till i early 2nt millennium, Buddhism wis wideli practicit in i Indie subcontinent;[17][18][19] it hæd æ fithaud tæ some extent elsewhaur in Asia, leik Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, an i Philippines.