Iraq War

The Iraq War^{[nb 1]} wis an airmed conflict in Iraq that consisted o twa phases.^[41] The first wis an invasion o Iraq stairtin on 20 Mairch 2003 bi an invasion force led bi the Unitit States.^{[42][43][44][45]} It wis follaed bi a langer phase o fichtin, in which an insurgency emerged tae oppone the occupyin forces an the newly furmed Iraqi govrenment.^[41] The U.S. completit its widrawal o militar personnel in December 2011.^[46][47] Houiver, the Iraqi insurgency continues tae cause thoosands o fatalities.

Iraq War
Pairt o the War on Terror
Clockwise frae tap: Delta Force o Task Force 20 alangside truips o 3rd Battalion, 327t Infantry Regiment, at Uday Hussain an Qusay Hussein's hideoot.; Insurgents in northren Iraq; an Iraqi insurgent firin a MANPADS; the topplin o the Saddam Hussein statue in Firdos Square.
Date 20 Mairch 2003 (2003-03-20) – 15 December 2011 (2011-12-15) (8 years, 8 months, 3 weeks and 4 days)[1][dubious ] Location Iraq Result Coalition victory Invasion an occupation o Iraq Owerthrow o Ba'ath Pairty govrenment an execution o Saddam Hussein Insurgency, foreign terrorist operations, an sectarian violence[2] Subsequent depletion o Iraqi insurgency,[3] improvements in public security[4] Establishment o democratic elections an furmation o new govrenment U.S.-Iraq Status o Forces Agreement Widrawal o U.S. forces frae Iraq Ongangin insurgency
Belligerents
Invasion phase (2003)  Unitit States o Americae  Unitit Kinrick  Denmark  Australie  Poland Peshmerga	Invasion phase (2003) Ba'athist Iraq
Post-invasion (2003–11)  Iraq Iraqi Airmed Forces Peshmerga Awakening Council Multi-National Force – Iraq  Unitit States (03–11)  Unitit Kinrick (03–11)  Sooth Korea (03–08)  Italy (03–06)  Poland (03-08)  Australie (03–09)  Georgie (03–08)  Ukraine (03–08)  Netherlands (03–05)  Spain (03–04)  Estonie 30 ither kintras Supported By:  Saudi Arabie  Egyp  Kuwait	Post-invasion (2003–11) Ba'ath Pairty lyalists Supreme Command for Jihad an Liberation Airmy o the Men o the Naqshbandi Order Supportit Bi:  Sirie Sunni insurgents Islamic State o Iraq Islamic Airmy o Iraq Ansar al-Sunnah Shia insurgents Mahdi Airmy Special Groups Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq Ithers Supportit Bi:  Iran  Sirie For fichtin atween insurgent groups, see Ceevil war in Iraq.
Commanders an leaders
Ayad Allawi Ibrahim al-Jaafari Nouri al-Maliki Ricardo Sanchez George W. Casey, Jr. David Petraeus Raymond T. Odierno Lloyd Austin George W. Bush General Tommy Franks Barack Obama Tony Blair Gordon Brown David Cameron Anders Fogh Rasmussen Soeren Gade Lars Løkke Rasmussen John Howard Kevin Rudd Aleksander Kwaśniewski Lech Kaczyński Yevhen Marchuk Oleksandr Kuzmuk	Ba'ath Pairty Saddam Hussein  (POW) Qusay Hussein † Uday Hussein † Izzat Ibrahim ad-Douri Sunni insurgency Abu Omar al-Baghdadi † Abu Musab al-Zarqawi † Abu Ayyub al-Masri † Al-Nasser Lideen Allah Abu Suleiman † Abu Dua Ishmael Jubouri Abu Abdullah al-Shafi'i  (POW) Shia insurgency Muqtada al-Sadr Abu Deraa Qais al-Khazali Akram al-Kabi
Strenth
Invasion Forces (2003–2004) ~300,000 Coalition forces (2004–2009) 176,000 at peak United States Forces – Iraq (2010–2011) 112,000 at activation Security contractors 6,000–7,000 (estimate)[5] Iraqi Security Forces 805,269 (militar an paramilitar: 578,269,[6] polis: 227,000) Awakenin militias ~103,000 (2008)[7] Iraqi Kurdistan ~400,000 (Kurdish Border Guard: 30,000,[8] Peshmerga 375,000)	Iraqi Airmy: 375,000 (disbaundit in 2003) Sunni Insurgents ~70,000 (2007)[9] Mahdi Airmy ~60,000 (2007)[10] al-Qaeda ~1,300 (2006)[11] Islamic State o Iraq ~1,000 (2008) Airmy o the Men o the Naqshbandi Order ~500–1,000 (2007)
Casualties an losses
Iraqi Security Forces (post-Saddam) Killed: 16,623[12] Woondit: 40,000+[13] Coalition Forces Killed: 4,805[14][15] (4,487 U.S.,[16] 179 UK,[17] 139 ither) Missin/captured (U.S.): 8 (aw rescued)[18] Woondit: 32,753+ (32,226 U.S.,[19] 315 UK, 212+ ither[20])[21][22][23][24] Injured/diseased/ither medical*: 51,139 (47,541 U.S.,[25] 3,598 UK)[21][23][24] Contractors Killed: 1,554[26][27] Woondit & injured: 43,880[26][27] Awakenin Cooncils Killed: 1,002+[28] Woondit: 500+ (2007),[29] 828 (2008)[30] Tot dead: 24,219 Tot woondit: 117,961	Iraqi combatant deid (invasion period): 7,600–11,000[31][32] Insurgents (post-Saddam) Killed: 21,221–26,405 (2003-2011)[33] Detainees: 12,000 (Iraqi-held)[34] Tot dead: 28,821–37,405
Documented civilian daiths frae violence, Iraq Body Coont (2003 – 14 December 2011): 103,160–113,728 recordit[35] an 12,438 new daiths addit frae the Iraq War Logs[36] Estimatit violent daiths: Lancet survey (Mairch 2003 – Julie 2006): 601,027 (95% CI: 426,369–793,663)[37][38] Associated Press (Mairch 2003 – Aprile 2009): 110,600[39] Iraq Faimily Health Survey (Mairch 2003 – Julie 2006): 151,000 (95% CI: 104,000–223,000)[40] For mair information see: Casualties o the Iraq War
* "injured, diseased, or ither medical": required medical air transport. UK nummer includes "aeromed evacuations" ** Tot daiths include aw addeetional daiths due tae increased lawlessness, degradit infrastructur, puirer healthcare, etc.

Notes

1. The conflict is an aa known as the War in Iraq, the Occupation o Iraq, an the Seicont Gulf War (Gulf War II). It wis referred tae as Operation Iraqi Freedom bi the Unitit States militar, frae 2003 tae 2010.

References

1. "Last U.S. troops leave Iraq, ending war". USA Today. 17 December 2011. Retrieved 18 December 2011.
2. "Sectarian divisions change Baghdad's image". MSNBC. 3 Julie 2006. Retrieved 18 Februar 2007.
3. "U.S. says Iraq pullout won't cause dramatic violence". MSNBC. 18 November 2010. Archived frae the original on 1 Mey 2011. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
4. "UK 'to continue deporting failed Iraqi asylum seekers'". BBC. 22 November 2010. Retrieved 26 November 2010.
5. "Deputy Assistant Secretary for International Programs Charlene Lamb's Remarks on Private Contractors in Iraq". State.gov. 17 Julie 2009. Archived frae the original on 19 Juin 2017. Retrieved 23 October 2010.
6. International Institute for Strategic Studies; Hackett, James (ed.) (3 Februar 2010). The Military Balance 2010. London: Routledge. ISBN 1-85743-557-5.CS1 maint: extra text: authors leet (link)
7. Rubin, Alissa J.; Nordland, Rod (29 Mairch 2009). "Troops Arrest an Awakening Council Leader in Iraq, Setting Off Fighting". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 Mairch 2010.
8. "The Kurdish peshmerga forces will not be integrated into the Iraqi army: Mahmoud Sangawi — Interview". Ekurd.net. 22 Januar 2010. Archived frae the original on 2 Apryle 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2010.
9. The Brookings Institution Iraq Index: Tracking Variables of Reconstruction & Security in Post-Saddam Iraq Archived 2013-10-19 at the Wayback Machine 1 October 2007
10. Ricks, Thomas E. (11 Januar 2007). "Intensified Combat on Streets Likely". Washington Post. p. A01. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
11. Pincus, Walter. "Violence in Iraq Called Increasingly Complex". Washington Post, 17 November 2006.
12. 260 killed in 2003, 15,196 killed frae 2004 through 2009 (wi the exceptions o Mey 2004 an Mairch 2009), 67 killed in Mairch 2009, Archived 2012-02-26 at the Wayback Machine an 1,100 killed in 2010, Archived 2013-01-16 at the Wayback Machine thus givin a tot o 16,623 dead
13. "Iraq War" (PDF). Retrieved 18 November 2012.
14. "Operation Iraqi Freedom". iCasualties. Archived frae the original on 25 October 2018. Retrieved 24 August 2010.
15. "Home and Away: Iraq and Afghanistan War Casualties". CNN. Retrieved 30 Mairch 2010.
16. http://www.defenselink.mil/news/casualty.pdf
17. "Ministry of Defence | Fact Sheets | Operations Factsheets | Operations in Iraq: British Fatalities". Mod.uk. Archived frae the original on 11 October 2009. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
18. "Forces: U.S. & Coalition/POW/MIA". CNN. Retrieved 22 Februar 2011.; As of July 2012, seven American private contractors remain unaccounted for. Their names are: Jeffrey Ake, Aban Elias, Abbas Kareem Naama, Neenus Khoshaba, Bob Hamze, Dean Sadek and Hussain al-Zurufi. Healy, Jack, "With Withdrawal Looming, Trails Grow Cold For Americans Missing In Iraq", New York Times, 22 May 2011, p. 6.
19. "Casualty" (PDF). Retrieved 18 November 2012.
20. 33 Ukrainians Archived 2009-08-08 at the Wayback Machine, 31+ Italians Archived 2011-04-28 at the Wayback Machine, 30 Bulgarians , 20 Salvadorans , 19 Georgians Archived 2011-05-13 at the Wayback Machine, 18 Estonians , 16+ Poles Archived 2007-06-12 at the Wayback Machine , 15 Spaniards Archived 2019-04-02 at the Wayback Machine , 10 Romanians , 6 Australians Archived 2011-04-28 at the Wayback Machine, 5 Albanians, 4 Kazakhs Archived 2012-01-30 at the Wayback Machine, 3 Filipinos Archived 2011-07-07 at the Wayback Machine and 2 Thais Archived 2013-05-13 at the Wayback Machine for a total of 212+
21. Mony offeecial U.S. tables at "Military Casualty Information" Archived 2011-03-03 at the Wayback Machine. See latest totals for injury, disease/other medical Archived 2011-06-02 at the Wayback Machine
22. "Casualties in Iraq".
23. iCasualties.org (was lunaville.org). Benicia, California. Patricia Kneisler, et al., "Iraq Coalition Casualties" Archived 2018-10-25 at the Wayback Machine
24. "Defence Internet Fact Sheets Operations in Iraq: British Casualties" Archived 2006-11-14 at the Wayback Machine. UK Meenistry o Defense. Latest combined casualty and fatality tables Archived 2012-10-04 at the Wayback Machine.
25. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived frae the original (PDF) on 2 Juin 2011. Retrieved 30 December 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
26. "U.S. Department of Labor — Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (OWCP) - Defense Base Act Case Summary by Nation". Dol.gov. Retrieved 15 December 2011.
27. T. Christian Miller (23 September 2009). "U.S. Government Private Contract Worker Deaths and Injuries". Projects.propublica.org. Retrieved 23 October 2010.
28. 185 in Diyala frae Juin 2007 tae December 2007, 4 in assassination o Abu Risha, 25 on 12 November 2007, Archived 2013-05-14 at the Wayback Machine 528 in 2008, Archived 2016-12-10 at the Wayback Machine 27 on 2 Januar 2009, 53 Frae 6 tae 12 Aprile 2009, Archived 2011-05-13 at the Wayback Machine 13 on 16 November 2009, 15 in December 2009, 100+ frae Aprile tae Juin 2010, 52 on 18 Julie 2010 , tot o 1,002+ dead
29. Moore, Solomon; OPPEL Jr, RICHARD A. (24 Januar 2008). "Attacks Imperil U.S.-Backed Militias in Iraq". The New York Times.
30. Greg Bruno. "Finding a Place for the 'Sons of Iraq' - Council on Foreign Relations". Cfr.org. Archived frae the original on 10 December 2016. Retrieved 26 December 2011.
31. Press release (28 October 2003). "New Study Finds: 11,000 to 15,000 Killed in Iraq War; 30 Percent are Non-Combatants; Death Toll Hurts Postwar Stability Efforts, Damages US Image Abroad" Archived 2006-10-17 at the Wayback Machine. Project on Defense Alternatives (via Common Dreams NewsCenter). Retrieved 2 September 2010.
32. Conetta, Carl (23 October 2003). "The Wages of War: Iraqi Combatant and Noncombatant Fatalities in the 2003 Conflict — Project on Defense Alternative Research Monograph #8" Archived 2009-09-02 at the Wayback Machine. Project on Defense Alternatives (via Commonwealth Institute). Retrieved 2 September 2010.
33. 597 killed in 2003,, 23,984 killed frae 2004 through 2009 (wi the exceptions o Mey 2004 an Mairch 2009), 652 killed in May 2004, 45 killed in Mairch 2009, Archived 2009-09-03 at the Wayback Machine 676 killed in 2010, 451 killed in 2011 (wi the exception o Februar), Archived 2015-02-09 at the Wayback Machine Archived 2012-01-11 at the Wayback Machine Archived 2011-12-08 at Bibliotheca Alexandrina Archived 2012-05-13 at the Wayback Machine Archived 2012-11-18 at the Wayback Machine Archived 2011-11-11 at the Wayback Machine thus giving a total of 26,405 dead
34. "Amnesty: Iraq holds up to 30,000 detainees without trial". CNN. 13 September 2010. Archived frae the original on 23 October 2010. Retrieved 6 Januar 2011.
35. "Iraq Body Count". Iraq Body Count. Retrieved 14 December 2011.
36. "Iraq War Logs: What the numbers reveal". Iraq Body Count. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
37. "Mortality after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey" PDF (242 KB). By Gilbert Burnham, Riyadh Lafta, Shannon Doocy, and Les Roberts. The Lancet, 11 October 2006
38. "The Human Cost of the War in Iraq: A Mortality Study, 2002–2006" PDF (603 KB). By Gilbert Burnham, Shannon Doocy, Elizabeth Dzeng, Riyadh Lafta, and Les Roberts. A supplement to the October 2006 Lancet study. It is also found here: Archived 2016-05-15 at the Portuguese Web Archive
39. Associated Press, 14 October 2009
40. "Iraq Family Health Survey" New England Journal of Medicine 31 January 2008
41. "Iraq War". Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 27 October 2012.
42. Iraq war illegal, says Annan BBC 16 September 2004.
43. "The US invasion has caused nearly three-quarter million Iraqi deaths". Wsws.org. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
44. "A chronology of the six-week invasion of Iraq". PBS. 26 Februar 2004. Retrieved 19 Mairch 2008.
45. Kevin Baker Archived 2008-08-20 at the Wayback Machine "The Quietest War: We've Kept Fallujah, but Have We Lost Our Souls?" American Heritage, Oct. 2006.
46. Cutler, David (18 December 2011). "Timeline: Invasion, surge, withdrawal; U.S. forces in Iraq". Reuters. Archived frae the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2011.
47. "Last US troops withdraw from Iraq". BBC. 18 December 2011. Archived frae the original on 10 Januar 2012. Retrieved 11 Mey 2008.