Igihaza ni ikiribwa cyo mu bwoko bw’imboga gifite ishusho y’umubumbe, gifite uruhurukomeye rufite imihiro rukagira amabara y’umuhondo mwinshi cyangwa oranje. Igishishwa cyacyo ni kigari, kirakomeye kandi gifitemo imbere inzuzi n’igice kiribwa. Ibice byose by’igihaza biraribwa. Igahaza kibisi ni byiza kugiteka mu mazi, kugiteka mu ifuru cyangwa kugishyira mu isosi kugira ngo ifate. Inzuzi z’igihaza zumye ziryoha zikaranze bakaminjiraho umunyu. Ibisusa bitarakomera ndetse n’ubututu bitekwa nk’izindi mboga rwatsi.[1]
AMOKO Y’IBIHAZA
Uduhaza duto: ubwoko bw’uduhaza duto buba bwiza ku meza mu gihe cy’ikiruhuko. Ni ubwoko bugira uruyuzi rutondagira. Bwerera iminsi hagati ya 90 -100. Uduhaza duto natwo tubamo amoko atandukanye nka “Jack Be”, “Wee-B-Little“ na “Munchkin” dukundwa cyane n’Abanyamerika. Uduhaza duto turera cyane kandi kuduhinga biroroha, rimwe na rimwe dushobora kwera ibihaza nka 12 ku ruyuzi rumwe.[1]
IgihazaIbihaza binini (ibihaza bya Nyirankuba): Ubwoko bw’ibihaza binini bya “Dill’s Atlantic Giant’ jumbo” bushobora gukura kugeza ku biro birenga 90. Ni ubwoko bwiza ku bahinzi bashaka guhinga ubwoko bw’ibihaza binini. Uruyuzi rwabyo rurakura rukagera kuri metero nka 7-8, ni yo mpamvu kuzitera zitandukanye ari ngombwa. Byerera iminsi kuva ku 130 kugeza ku minsi 160, bityo rero ni byiza kubihinga hakiri kare. Bisaba gufumbira bihagije kandi kuzihingira si nhombwa kugeza isuka hasi mu butaka. Nyuma y’uko uruyuzi rutangiye kuzana ururabo bwa mbere, ni ngombwa guca ubututu 2 cyangwa 3 bwa mbere bwa kigore kugira ngo uruyuzi rukure rugara mu mpande, ruzane ibisusa byinshi mbere yo gutangira gutera ( kuzana uduhaza). Ni ngombwa kureka igihaza kimwe kigakura no gukuraho ubututu bwa kigore bwose bumera nyuma y’uko igihaza cya mbere kimaze kuza ku ruyuzi. Ni ngombwa gucunga uruyuzi kugira ngo mu mahuriro y’ingingo hatinjira cyane mu butaka bigatuma uruyuzi ruvunika.[1][2]
Ibihaza bitetse
Ibihaza byiza bibereye gutekwamo indyo zikuzwa: ‘Sugar Treat’ni ubwoko budakururumba cyane, bwiza bwo gutekamo indyo zo kwikuza cyangwa kubuteka mu ifuru. Bwerera iminsi hagati y’100 na 120. Ubwoko bwa “Hijinks” na ‘’Baby Bear’’ ni ubwoko bukundwa n’Abantu benshi
bugira igihaza kiryoha . ‘’Cinderella’s Carriage’’ nabwo ni ubwoko buryoha butetse ukwabwo cyangwa mu isosi. ‘Peanut Pumpkin’ nabwo ni ubwoko butanga igihaza kiryoha bwaribwa mu ndyo zikuzwa cyangwa mu nombe.
Ibihaza by’amabara: ‘Jarrahdale’ ni ubwoko bw’ibihaza bugira ibara risa n’ubururu bujya kuba icyatsi kibisi; buba bwiza mu gutegura ibiribwa ku meza ngo bigaragare neza. ‘’Pepitas Pumpkin’’ ni ibihaza bifite ibara rya oranje rivanze n’icyatsi kibisi naho “Super Moon’’ ni igihaza kinini gifite ibara ryera.[3]
Indwara y’imvura: iterwa na mikorobe za Bagiteri zitera ibifu byera biboza inzuzi. Ni yo ndwara rusange y’inzuzi.Iyi ndwara ikwirakwira mu gihe ikirere gishyushye cyangwa gikonje mu gihe inzuzi zikiri ntoya zitangiye kubyibuha neza. Iyi ndwara iyo ifashe uruyuzi irihuta cyane maze ikarwangiza vuba cyane.Indwara igitangira yigaragaza irema ibibara by’umuhondo cyangwa icyatsi kibisi cyerurutse ku mababiIgice cyo hasi cy’amababi gitangira gukuza indwara kigahindura isura kikijima. Ibyo bibara bihinduka umukara naho amababi agapfa burundu.[4]
Inzuzi z'ibihaza
Kirabiranya: Iyi ndwara irangwa no kuraba no guhinduka urwirungu kw’amababi. Kenshi na kenshi amababi agarura ubuyanja mu masaha ya nimugoroba, ariko mu gitondo akongera kuraba nka mbere kandi noheho uburwayi bukagenda burushaho gukara umunsi ku wundi.[5]
Kwirinda indwara
Uburyo bwiza bwo kurinda inzuzi indwara iyo ari yo yose hakubiyemo:
Kuvomerera mu gitondo cyangwa ku manywa gusa: Kwirinda kuvomerera mu masaha atinze ya nyuma ya saa sita cyangwa ya nijoro. Indwara y’ibifu biboza inzuzi ndetse n’izindi ndwara ifata mu gihe hahehereye. Kuvomerera mu masaha ya nijoro ni nko kwenyegeza umuriro. Kuvomerera mu gitondo bituma izuba rihita ryumisha amababi vuba cyane.Kuvomerera nijoro bituma amababi ahehera ijoro ryose kugeza mu gitondo. Igihe haje ubushyuhe mu ijoro amababi atose yorohereza kororoka kw’indwara y’ibifu biboza.[5]
Kuvomerera imizi gusa n’imigozi y’inzuzi:Kuvomerera hakoreshejwe umupira birinda amababi ubuhehere bw’inyongera ari bwo butera kororoka kw’indwara. Umupira uvomerera bawurambika ureba hasi kugira ngo birinde kumena amazi ku mababi.[6]
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