Terefoni igendanwa
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Terefone igendanwa (terefone ngendanwa,.) . Umuyoboro wa radiyo ushyiraho uburyo bwo guhinduranya sisitemu yo guhinduranya telefone igendanwa, itanga uburyo bwo kugera kumurongo rusange wa terefone (PSTN). Serivisi za terefone igezweho ikoresha imiyoboro ya terefone igendanwa bityo terefone zigendanwa zitwa terefone zigendanwa (cyangwa "terefone ngendanwa") muri Amerika ya Ruguru. Usibye kuri terefone, terefone igendanwa igendanwa yunganira izindi serivisi zitandukanye, nko kohereza ubutumwa bugufi, messagia messagIng, imeri, kwinjira kuri interineti (binyuze kuri LTE, 5G NR cyangwa Wi-Fi), itumanaho rito rigufi (infragre, Bluetooth), kwinjira kuri satelite (kugendagenda, guhuza ubutumwa), gusaba ubucuruzi, imikino yo kuri videwo no gufotora hakoreshejwe Digital. Terefone zigendanwa zitanga ubushobozi bwibanze gusa zizwi nka terefone ziranga; terefone zigendanwa zitanga ubushobozi buhanitse bwo kubara zitwa terefone zigendanwa.
Terefone igendanwa ya mbere yerekanwe na Martin Cooper wa Motorola mu mujyi wa New York mu 1973, akoresheje terefone ipima c. Ibiro 2 (ibiro 4,4). [2] Mu 1979, Nippon Telegraph na Terefone (NTT) yatangije umuyoboro wa mbere wa selile ku isi mu Buyapani. Mu 1983, DynaTAC 8000x niyo terefone igendanwa ya mbere yaboneka mu bucuruzi. Kuva mu 1983 kugeza 2014, isi yose abiyandikisha kuri terefone igendanwa biyongereye bagera kuri miliyari zirindwi; bihagije gutanga imwe kuri buri muntu kwisi. [4] Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2016, abambere mu iterambere rya terefone ku isi ni Samsung, Apple na Huawei; igurishwa rya terefone ryerekanaga 78 ku ijana by'igurishwa rya terefone igendanwa. Kuri terefone ziranga (slang: "dumbphones") guhera mu 2016, ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe cyane ni Samsung, Nokia na Alcatel. [6]
Terefone zigendanwa zifatwa nkigihimbano cyingenzi cyabantu kuko cyabaye kimwe mubice bikoreshwa cyane kandi bigurishwa muburyo bwikoranabuhanga ryabaguzi. Ubwiyongere bw'icyamamare bwihuse ahantu hamwe, urugero nko mu Bwongereza umubare wa terefone zigendanwa warenze umubare w'amazu mu 1999. [8] Muri iki gihe, telefoni zigendanwa ziragaragara ku isi hose, [9] kandi hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibihugu by’isi, abaturage barenga 90% bafite nibura imwe.