Ibigize ubutaka mubutambike
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. {Ibisobanuro bigufi | Igice cyubutaka ibiranga umubiri bitandukanye nibice biri hejuru no munsi}} Inyandikorugero:Koresha Icyongereza cy'Icyongereza [
A 'ubutaka butambitse' ni igipande kibangikanye nubutaka butaka imiterere yumubiri, imiti n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye nibice biri hejuru no munsi. Horizons isobanurwa muburyo bwinshi nibintu bigaragara bigaragara, cyane cyane ibara nimiterere. Ibi birashobora gusobanurwa haba mumagambo yuzuye (ingano yubunini bwagabanijwe kubwimiterere, kurugero) no muburyo ugereranije nibikoresho bikikije, ni ukuvuga 'coarser' cyangwa 'sandier' kuruta ibizunguruka hejuru no hepfo.
Uturere twerekanwe twerekanwe nibimenyetso, bikoreshwa cyane muburyo bukurikirana. Master horizon (horizon nkuru) yerekanwa ninyuguti nkuru. Ibisobanuro, muburyo bwinyuguti nto n’ishusho, birusheho gutandukanya ibishushanyo mbonera. Hariho uburyo bwinshi butandukanye bwibimenyetso bya horizon kwisi. Nta sisitemu nimwe ikosora-nkubwubatsi bwububiko, akamaro kayo kari mubushobozi bwabo bwo gusobanura neza imiterere yaho muburyo bumwe. Bitewe nubusobanuro butandukanye bwibimenyetso bya horizon, sisitemu ntishobora kuvangwa.
Muri sisitemu nyinshi gutondekanya ubutaka, utambitse dukoreshwa mugusobanura ubwoko bwubutaka. Sisitemu y'Ubudage ikoresha urutonde rwose rw'ibisobanuro kugirango isobanurwe. / ref> Ubundi sisitemu itoranya uturere tumwe na tumwe, "ibipimo byo gusuzuma", kubisobanuro; ingero nizo [ । icon.svg | 50px]] Inyandiko yakuwe muri iyi soko, iboneka munsi ya Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Uruhushya mpuzamahanga. </ref> the USDA ubutaka bwubutaka <ref name = "ST"> {{Tanga urubuga | url = https: umutwe = Urufunguzo rwubutaka bwa Taxonomy | integuro = 12 <ref> Inyandikorugero:Vuga urubuga < "cambic horizon" cyangwa "spodic horizon". WRB yerekana urutonde 40 rwo gusuzuma. Usibye ibi bisobanuro byo gusuzuma, ibindi bintu biranga ubutaka birashobora gukenerwa kugirango dusobanure ubwoko bwubutaka. Ubutaka bumwe ntabwo bufite iterambere risobanutse neza.
Ubutaka butambitse nigisubizo cyibikorwa byubutaka (pedogenezi). <ref> {{Tanga igitabo | umutwe = Ibyingenzi byubumenyi bwubutaka | umwanditsi = W.E.H. Blum | umwanditsi2 = P. Schad | umwanditsi3 = S. Amajyaruguru |