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тип узла Из Википедии, свободной энциклопедии
Охо́тничий у́зел[1] — временное соединение пары переплетённых вместе простых узлов[11]. Держит на всех тросах, включая самые тонкие синтетические рыболовные лески. Изобретён английским врачом-пенсионером Эдвардом Хантером (Edward Hunter) в 1968 году, на что ему в 1979 году был выдан британский патент. Изобретение узла в кругах специалистов и любителей многих стран вызвало сенсацию. Позже, американские исследователи установили, что подобный узел уже был описан в 1956 году в статье Фила Смита «Узлы для горовосходителей».
Доктор Хантер использовал много узлов, работая хирургом, хотя изобрёл узел Хантера много лет тому назад. Но он не знал до сего дня (когда захотел запатентовать узел), что вошёл в историю узловязания.
Оригинальный текст (англ.)«The World’s First New Knot In 20 Years Created»
It’s not much harder to tie than the double-reef bow you use for your shoes, or the clove hitch with which people — except, of course, the late Duke of Windsor — use for neckties. It's the world's first new knot in the past 20 years, not counting «grannies», and the retired British doctor who created it has become an overnight mini-celebrity. He is Edward Hunter, soon perhaps to join Gordius, inventor of the knot that challenged Alexander the Great, and Matthew Walker among knot-tying immortals. Dr. Hunter’s contribution is the Hunter’s Bend, which among its other characteristics works well with modern nylon string and ropes. «Since manmade fibers made their appearance, a lot of the traditional knots aren’t so good any more because they’re too slippery», said Geoffrey Budworth, a London police inspector and knot expert who is enthusiastic about the doctor’s breakthrough. «You can invent esoteric and clumsy knots that are useless. Hunter’s Bend is good because it has a distinct shape, is stable, does not distort, is readily untied and does not reduce the breaking strain of the line», he explained. «It is a useful addition to the repertoire». Dr. Hunter, a man in his Seventies who lives in Huntington near Cambridge, was unreachable after an account of his exploits appeared in the Times[12] this morning. The last recognized knot to have been created was the Tarbuck, which is for attaching the last man to a string of mountain climbers. There is no accepted authority to «recognize» knots, only what Budworth calls «the harsh mechanism of the market». Dr. Hunter, who used many knots as a surgeon, actually invented the Hunter's Bend many years ago. But he did not realize until recently, when he decided to see if he could stake a claim to it, that he had made knot-tying history. He approached the National Maritime Museum about his knot and also showed it to British Ropes Ltd., which published an account in its employee publication. According to Budworth, the magazine Wooden Boat is about to introduce it to America. For those who’d like to be the first on their block to try it, here’s how: Take two pieces of, say, clothesline and lay them parallel with the ends opposite. Then throw a bight, or loop, on the overlapping part and tuck the ends through the bight in opposite directions. Finally, pull on the standing parts to draw it snug. Budworth, who has tied the knot, said the Hunter’s Bend seemed to be «fairly kind to the rope, giving it only a gentle nip». In general, ropes are usually weakest on the knot because it is there they are crumped. Dr. Hunter is not likely to make money from his creation, experts said Friday, though a few knots have been patented for commercial use. Any financial reward would come simply from efforts Dr. Hunter might make as an author or from diagrams for publication. The language of knots is an international one, largely because of their widespread use in shipping and boats America’s main contribution to the lore has been that of Clifford Ashley, who invented the so-called constrictor in the 1930’s. He and other Americans are said to have led the world in producing knot books. «Complicated knots can be like an executive puzzle, with the intracacies of tying them becoming almost an art», Budworth said Friday. Does he has any tips on untangling particularly vicious knots in shoelace or fishing lines? His only suggestion, borrowing the technique of Alexander the Great with this «Keep a sharp knife handy».
 | Эту страницу предлагается переименовать в «Узел Хантера». |
| Охотничий узел | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Каноническое название | Охотничий узел |
| Синонимы |
охотничий узел[1][2][3], узел Хантера[4][5][6] (Hunter’s Bend[7]), охотничий узел Хантера[8], верхолазный узел[9] |
| Категория | соединяющие узлы |
| Происхождение | придуман Фи́лом Сми́том (Phil Smith) в 1956, а запатентован Э́двардом Ха́нтером (Edward Hunter) в 1979 |
| Родственные узлы | простой узел |
| Развязываемость | трудно (после рывков) |
| Применение | соединение рыболовных лесок |
| Недостатки | трудно завязывать; ползёт при переменных нагрузках |
| Книга узлов | 1425a[10] |
По легенде, ошибочное патентование давно известного узла послужило для учреждения гильдии узловязов в 1982 году[14].
Название «охотничий», в своей книге «Морские узлы», дал Скрягин, исследователь узлов, так как фамилия Хантер (Hunter) в переводе с английского означает «охотник»[15].
На концах двух рыболовных лесок завязать простые узлы. Переплести их вместе.
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