Theodore von Kármán

Theodore von Kármán (numele original maghiar: Szőllőskislaki Kármán Tódor) (11 mai 1881 – 7 mai 1963) a fost un inginer maghiaro-american și fizician, care a lucrat în domeniul aeronauticii și astronauticii.

Theodore von Kármán
Date personale
Nume la naștere	Kármán Tivadar Mihály
Născut	11 mai 1881[1][2][3][4][5] Budapesta, Austro-Ungaria[6][7]
Decedat	7 mai 1963 (81 de ani)[8][9][2][10] Aachen, RFG[9][6][7]
Înmormântat	Hollywood Forever Cemetery[*][[Hollywood Forever Cemetery (cemetery in Los Angeles, California)|​]]
Părinți	Kármán Mór[*][[Kármán Mór (Hungarian philosopher, father of Theodore von Kármán (1843–1915))|​]][9] Helene Konn[*][[Helene Konn (mother of Theodore von Kármán)|​]][9]
Frați și surori	Pipö von Kármán[*][[Pipö von Kármán (sister of Theodore von Kármán)|​]][9] Kármán Elemér[*][[Kármán Elemér (Hungarian lawyer, criminologist (1876-1927))|​]]
Cetățenie	Imperiul German  Republica de la Weimar  Statele Unite ale Americii (1936–)  Ungaria (–)
Ocupație	fizician matematician military flight engineer[*][[military flight engineer (military aircraft crew member)|​]] inventator cadru didactic universitar[*]​ Idist[*][[Idist (person speaking or using the international language Ido)|​]] astronom om de știință inginer aerospațial[*]​
Locul desfășurării activității	Aachen
Limbi vorbite	Ido limba engleză[2][11] limba maghiară[11] limba germană[12]
Activitate
Alma mater	Universitatea de Tehnologie și Economie din Budapesta[9] Universitatea Georg-August din Göttingen[13][9]
Organizație	Ganz[9] RWTH Aachen[*][[RWTH Aachen (university in Aachen, Germany)|​]] California Institute of Technology Universitatea Georg-August din Göttingen
Premii	Președinte de onoare[*]​[9] Președinte de onoare[*]​[9] Doctor of Engineering (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Engineering (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1929)[9] Doctor of Engineering (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Engineering (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1940)[9] Medalia Prezidențială de Merit[*]​ (1946)[9] Medalia John Fritz[*]​ (1948)[9] Franklin Medal[*][[Franklin Medal (science award by the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia)|​]] (1948)[9] Kelvin Gold Medal[*][[Kelvin Gold Medal (British engineering prize)|​]] (1950)[9] Gold Medal of the Royal Aeronautical Society[*][[Gold Medal of the Royal Aeronautical Society |​]] (1952)[9] Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy[*][[Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy (award to a living American for significant public service of enduring value to aviation in the United States)|​]] (1954)[9] Medalia Daniel Guggenheim[*]​ (1955)[9] Department of the Air Force Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service[*][[Department of the Air Force Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service |​]] (1955)[9] Medal of Freedom[*][[Medal of Freedom (civil decoration awarded 1945–1961, superceded by Presidential Medal of Freedom)|​]] (1956)[9] Ludwig-Prandtl-Ring[*][[Ludwig-Prandtl-Ring (aerospace engineering award)|​]] (1956)[9] Doctor of Science (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Science (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1956)[9] Goddard Gold Medal[*][[Goddard Gold Medal (award given in honor of Robert H. Goddard, authorized by the US Congress in 1959)|​]] (1960)[9] Doctor of Science (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Science (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1960)[9] Doctor of Engineering (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Engineering (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1947)[9] Doctor of Engineering (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Engineering (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1948)[9] Doctor of Engineering (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Engineering (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1953)[9] Doctor of Engineering (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Engineering (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1953)[9] Doctor of Science (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Science (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1961)[9] Doctor of Law (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Law (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1959)[9] Doctor of Engineering (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Engineering (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1955)[9] Doctor of Engineering (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Engineering (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1959)[9] Doctor of Science (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Science (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1958)[9] Doctor of Science (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Science (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1951)[9] Doctor of Science (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Science (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1952)[9] Doctor of Science (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Science (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1952)[9] Doctor of Science (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Science (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1954)[9] University of Liège Gold Medal[*][[University of Liège Gold Medal (award given by the University of Liège)|​]] (1937)[9] ASME Medal[*][[ASME Medal (American award for engineering achievement)|​]] (1941)[9] Meritorious Civilian Service Award[*][[Meritorious Civilian Service Award (second highest award and medal provided to civilian employees within agencies of the federal government of the United States)|​]] (1945)[9] Doctor of Law (honorary)[*][[Doctor of Law (honorary) (honorary doctorate)|​]] (1943)[9] Grand Médaille d'Honneur[*][[Grand Médaille d'Honneur (award presented by Association des Ingénieurs-Docteurs des France)|​]] (1946)[9] Legiunea de Onoare în grad de Ofițer[*]​ (1947)[9] ph.d.[*][[ph.d. (degree in Norway since 2003)|​]] (1961)[9] docteur honoris causa de l'université libre de Bruxelles[*][[docteur honoris causa de l'université libre de Bruxelles |​]] (1937)[9] doctorat honoris causa de l'université de Liège[*][[doctorat honoris causa de l'université de Liège (award)|​]] (1947)[9] doctorat honoris causa de l'université d'Aix-Marseille[*][[doctorat honoris causa de l'université d'Aix-Marseille |​]] (1949)[9] doctorat honoris causa de l'université de Lille[*][[doctorat honoris causa de l'université de Lille |​]] (1953)[14][9] doctor honoris causa (1956)[9] doctorat honoris causa de l'université de Paris[*][[doctorat honoris causa de l'université de Paris |​]] (1957)[15][9] doctor honoris causa por la Universidad de Sevilla[*][[doctor honoris causa por la Universidad de Sevilla |​]] (1958)[9] doctor honoris causa (1960)[9] epitimos didaktor tou Ethnikoù kai Kapodistriakoù Panepistimiou Athinon[*][[epitimos didaktor tou Ethnikoù kai Kapodistriakoù Panepistimiou Athinon |​]] (1961)[9] Medalia Națională pentru Știință a Statelor Unite[*]​ (1962)[9][16] Ordinul de Merit al Republicii Federale Germania în grad de mare cruce[*]​ Timoshenko Medal[*][[Timoshenko Medal (award in recognition of distinguished contributions to the field of applied mechanics)|​]] (1958)[17] Gran Cruz de la Orden Civil de Alfonso X el Sabio[*][[Gran Cruz de la Orden Civil de Alfonso X el Sabio |​]] (1961) Medalia Wilhelm Exner[*]​ (1962)[18] Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectureship[*][[Josiah Willard Gibbs Lectureship (American mathematics award (1923-))|​]] (1939) National Aviation Hall of Fame[*][[National Aviation Hall of Fame (aviation museum, annual awards ceremony, learning and research center)|​]] (1983) National Inventors Hall of Fame[*][[National Inventors Hall of Fame (award)|​]] (2003)[19] Medalia Carl Friedrich Gauss[*]​ (1960) Fellow of the American Physical Society[*][[Fellow of the American Physical Society (fellowship of the American Physical Society)|​]] Ordinul de Merit al Republicii Federale Germania în grad de mare cruce[*]​ James Watt International Medal[*][[James Watt International Medal (British award for mechanical engineering)|​]] (1961)[20] membru străin al Royal Society[*]​ (9 mai 1946)[21] International Space Hall of Fame[*][[International Space Hall of Fame (Hall of Fame at the New Mexico Museum of Space History)|​]] (1976)[22][23]
Profesor pentru	Hu Ning[*][[Hu Ning (Chinese theoretical physicist (1916–1997))|​]], Qian Xuesen[*][[Qian Xuesen (Chinese rocket scientist (1911-2009))|​]]
Modifică date / text

Preşedintele Kennedy acordând un premiul lui Theodore von Kármán

Contribuții

• ecuația Föppl–von Kármán
• ecuația Falkowich-Kármán
• constanta Kármán
• linia Kármán
• ogiva Kármán

Lucrări selectate

• Aerodynamics - Selected Topics in the Light of their Historical Development, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1954
• Collected Works, (4 Volumes), Von Karman Institute, Rhode St. Genese, 1975 (limited edition book); also Butterworth Scientific Publ., London 1956. Many papers from volumes 1 and 2 are in German.
• From Low Speed Aerodynamics to Astronautics, Pergamon Press, London, 1961
• The Wind and Beyond - Theodore von Kármán Pioneer in Aviation and Pathfinder in Space, Little Brown, 1967 (with L. Edson)
• Mathematical Methods in Engineering, McGraw Hill, 1944 (with M. A. Biot)

Note

1. Theodore von Karman, Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana
2. Autoritatea BnF, accesat în 10 octombrie 2015
3. „Theodore von Kármán”, Gemeinsame Normdatei, accesat în 26 aprilie 2014
4. Theodore von Karman, Munzinger Personen, accesat în 9 octombrie 2017
5. Theodore Kármán, Brockhaus Enzyklopädie, accesat în 9 octombrie 2017
6. www.accademiadellescienze.it, accesat în 1 decembrie 2020
7. MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, accesat în 20 iulie 2014
8. MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, accesat în 22 august 2017
9. Theodore von Kármán 1881-1963 (PDF)
10. „Theodore von Kármán”, Gemeinsame Normdatei, accesat în 20 aprilie 2014
11. Czech National Authority Database, accesat în 1 martie 2022
12. CONOR.SI[*]​ Verificați valoarea |titlelink= (ajutor)
13. Genealogia matematicienilor
14. https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-officiel-de-la-republique-francaise_1952-09-24_229/page/n7/mode/2up Lipsește sau este vid: |title= (ajutor)
15. RENTRÉE DE L'UNIVERSITÉ DE PARIS «Notre vieille Sorbonne est monstrueusement insuffisante» déclare le recteur Sarrailh (în franceză), Le Monde, 8 noiembrie 1957, p. 16
16. http://www.nsf.gov/od/nms/recip_details.jsp?recip_id=375 Lipsește sau este vid: |title= (ajutor)
17. https://www.asme.org/about-asme/participate/honors-awards/achievement-awards/timoshenko-medal Lipsește sau este vid: |title= (ajutor)
18. https://www.wilhelmexner.org/en/medalists/ Lipsește sau este vid: |title= (ajutor)
19. National Inventors Hall of Fame
20. (PDF) https://www.imeche.org/docs/default-source/1-oscar/Careers-and-education/Scholarships-and-Awards-/awards/james-watt-international-gold-medal-recipients-2023.pdf Lipsește sau este vid: |title= (ajutor)
21. List of Royal Society Fellows 1660-2007 (PDF), p. 199
22. Space Pioneers Enshrined (în engleză), Las Vegas Optic[*][[Las Vegas Optic (newspaper in Las Vegas, New Mexico)|​]], 6 octombrie 1976, p. 6
23. https://www.nmspacemuseum.org/inductee/theodore-von-karman/, accesat în 17 iulie 2023 Lipsește sau este vid: |title= (ajutor)

Legături externe

• Theodore von Kármán Arhivat în 24 septembrie 2006, la Wayback Machine. - School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St. Andrews, Scotland
• Profile of von Kármán Arhivat în 27 mai 2010, la Wayback Machine. - NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory
• Research institute founded by and later named for von Kármán
• Brief biography
• Gravesite of von Kármán