compus chimic From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Flavonele (latină flavus = galben) alcătuiesc o clasă de flavonoide a căror structură chimică se bazează pe 2-fenilcromen-4-onă (2-fenil-1-benzopiran-4-onă) (imaginea din dreapta).[1][2] Flavonele se regăsesc în unele produse alimentare, în special în mirodenii și legume și fructe colorate în nuanțe de roșu până la violet.[1] Printre cele mai comune exemple se numără: apigenină (4',5,7-trihidroxiflavonă), luteolină (3',4',5,7-tetrahidroxiflavonă), tangeritină (4',5,6,7,8-pentametoxiflavonă), crizină (5,7-dihidroxiflavonă) și 6-hidroxiflavonă.[1]
Există mai multe metode în chimia organică pentru obținerea flavonelor. Un exemplu este reacția de ciclizare a 1,3-diarilcetonelor:[3]
O altă metodă este reacția Allan-Robinson:[4][5][6]
Alte exemple includ:
Denumire | Structură | R3 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | R2' | R3' | R4' | R5' | R6' |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Structura generală | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Primuletină | – | –OH | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Crizină | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Tectocrizină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Primetină | – | –OH | – | – | –OH | – | – | – | – | – | |
Apigenină | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | – | –OH | – | – | |
Acacetină | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | – | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Genkwanină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OH | – | – | |
Echioidinină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | – | –OH | – | – | – | – | |
Baicaleină | – | –OH | –OH | –OH | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Oroxilină A | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Negleteină | – | –OH | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
Norwogonină | – | –OH | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | – | – | – | |
Wogonină | – | –OH | – | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | – | – | – | |
Geraldonă | – | – | – | –OH | – | – | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | |
Titonină | – | – | – | –OCH3 | – | – | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Luteolină | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | |
6-hidroxiluteolină | – | –OH | –OH | –OH | – | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | |
Crizoeriol | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | |
Diosmetină | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Piloină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | – | – | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Velutină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | – | – | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | |
Norartocarpetină | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | |
Artocarpetină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | |
Scutellareină | – | –OH | –OH | –OH | – | – | – | –OH | – | – | |
Hispidulină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | – | –OH | – | – | |
Sorbifolină | – | –OH | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OH | – | – | |
Pectolinarigenină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | – | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Cirzimaritină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OH | – | – | |
Mikanină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Izoscutellareină | – | –OH | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | –OH | – | – | |
Zapotinină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OCH3 | |
Zapotină | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OCH3 | |
Cerrosillină | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OCH3 | – | –OCH3 | – | |
Alnetină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | – | – | – | |
Tricetină | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | –OH | –OH | –OH | – | |
Tricină | – | –OH | – | –OH | – | – | –OCH3 | –OH | –OCH3 | – | |
Corimbozină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | – | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | |
Nepetină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | |
Pedalitină | – | –OH | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | |
Nodifloretină | – | –OH | –OH | –OH | – | – | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | |
Jaceosidină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | |
Cirsiliol | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | |
Eupatilină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Cirsilineol | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | |
Eupatorină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OCH3 | –OH | – | |
Sinensetină | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | |
Hipolaetină | – | –OH | – | –OH | –OH | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | |
Onopordină | – | –OH | – | –OH | –OCH3 | – | –OH | –OH | – | – | |
Wightină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | – | |
Nevadensină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Xantomicrol | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | –OH | – | – | |
Tangeretină | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Serpilină | – | –OH | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Sudachitină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | –OCH3 | – | –OCH3 | –OH | – | – | |
Acerosină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | –OCH3 | – | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Himenoxină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | –OCH3 | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Gardenină D | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | –OH | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Nobiletină | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | – | – | |
Scaposină | – | –OH | –OCH3 | –OH | –OCH3 | – | –OCH3 | –OCH3 | –OH | ||
Denumire | Structură | R3 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | R2' | R3' | R4' | R5' | R6' |
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