The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Tibetan pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ Tibetan, English approximation ...
IPA | Tibetan | English approximation |
Consonants |
b |
བ |
bog [p] on a low tone |
c |
ཀྱ |
church |
cʰ |
ཁྱ གྱ |
church |
ɕ |
ཞ ཤ |
sheep |
d |
ད |
dog ([t] on a low tone) |
dz |
ཛ |
adz ([ts] on a low tone) |
dʑ |
ཇ | jeep ([tɕ] on a low tone) |
ɡ |
ག |
gone ([k] on a low tone) |
h |
ཧ | head |
j |
ཡ | yes |
ɟ |
གྱ |
judge, (UK) dew ([c] on a low tone) |
k |
ཀ | scat |
kʰ |
ཁ ག | cat |
l |
ལ | leap |
l̥ |
ལྷ | (voiceless l, like hl) |
m |
མ | moon |
n |
ན | noon |
ɲ |
ཉ | canyon |
ŋ |
ང | song |
p |
པ | spin |
pʰ |
ཕ བ | pin |
ɹ |
ར | the r in drink |
s |
ཟ ས | song |
ʂ |
ཧྲ | like first part of shrew [ʂɹu] |
t |
ཏ | stop |
tʰ |
ཐ ད | top |
ʈ ~ ʈʂ |
ཀྲ | stream |
ʈʰ ~ ʈʂʰ |
ཁྲ གྲ | trunk |
tɕ |
ཅ | beach |
tɕʰ |
ཆ ཇ | cheer |
ts |
ཙ | cats |
tsʰ |
ཚ ཛ | tsunami |
w |
ཝ | water |
z |
ཟ | zoo ([s] on a low tone) |
ʑ |
ཞ | genre ([ɕ] on a low tone) |
ʔ |
ཨ | oh-oh! |
ʕ |
འ | like ɦ but more pharyngeal |
|
IPA |
Tibetan | English approximation |
Vowels |
a |
|
between fat and father |
e |
|
Spanish e (in Sp. open syllables) |
ɛ |
|
bed |
i |
|
see |
ɪ |
|
sit but more centralised |
o |
|
Spanish o (in Sp. open syllables) |
ø |
|
French eu, German ö |
ɔ |
|
dawn (mid-west US accent) |
u |
|
moon |
ʊ |
|
good but more centralised |
ʌ |
|
cup, RP |
y |
|
French u, German ü |
̃ |
|
nasal vowel |
Tones |
IPA | Description |
sí |
high level: si˥ |
sî |
high falling: si˥˧ |
sǐ |
low rising: si˩˧ |
sì |
low level: si˩ |
|
ਬੰਦ ਕਰੋ