ଥେରୋପୋଡ଼

ଥେରୋପୋଡ଼ (Theropoda; /θ[invalid input: 'ɨ']ˈrɒp[invalid input: 'ɵ']də/ ଗ୍ରୀକ୍ ଶବ୍ଦାର୍ଥ "beast feet" ) ସରିସ୍କିଆନ ଡାଇନୋସରମାନଙ୍କର ଏକ ସମୂହ ଅଟେ । ଥେରୋପୋଡ଼ ମାନଙ୍କର ପୂର୍ବଜ ମାଂସାଶୀ ଥିଲେହେଁ, ସମୟକ୍ରମେ କେତେକ ତୃଣଭୋଜୀ, ଉଭୟଭକ୍ଷୀ, ମତ୍ସଭକ୍ଷୀ, ଏବଂ କୀଟ-ପତଙ୍ଗଭକ୍ଷୀ ଭାବେ ବିବର୍ତ୍ତିତ ହୋଇଯାଇଥିଲେ ।

Pteropoda, marine gastropods ସହିତ ଭ୍ରମିତ ହେବେନି !

Theropods ଜୀବାଶ୍ମ କାଳ: Late Triassic–Present, 231.4–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Restored skeleton of Eodromaeus murphi
ବିଜ୍ଞାନଭିତ୍ତିକ ଶ୍ରେଣୀବିଭାଗ
ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟ:	ପ୍ରାଣୀ ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟ
ଗୋଷ୍ଠୀ:	ବାଇଲାଟେରିଆ
ପର୍ବ:	କୋର୍ଡାଟା
ମହାଶ୍ରେଣୀ:	ଟେଟ୍ରାପୋଡା
ଗୋଷ୍ଠୀ:	ଡାଇନୋସରିଆ
Clade:	Saurischia
ଗୋଷ୍ଠୀ:	ଥେରୋପୋଡ଼ା Marsh, 1881
Subgroups[1]
†Daemonosaurus †Eodromaeus †Tawa †Herrerasauridae Neotheropoda

ବାହ୍ୟ ରୂପରେଖ

ଇତିହାସ

ଶ୍ରେଣୀ ବିଭାଗ

ପ୍ରଧାନ ଗ୍ରୁପ ଗୁଡ଼ିକ

Ceratosaurus, a ceratosaur

Irritator, a spinosaur

Microraptor, a dromaeosaur

Passer domesticus, an avian, and the world's most widespread extant wild theropod.^[2]

ନିମ୍ନରେ ବିବର୍ତ୍ତନ ଅନୁସାରେ ଥେରୋପୋଡ଼ ସମୂହ ଗୁଡ଼ିକର ଏକ ସରଳୀକୃତ ଶ୍ରେଣୀବିଭାଗ ଦିଆଯାଇଛି ଏବଂ ସେଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ Holtz (2008)ଙ୍କ "ମେସୋଜୋଇକ ଡାଇନୋସର ଗୁଡ଼ିକର ତାଲିକା" ଅନୁସାରେ ସଜଯାଇଛି ।^[3] ଏହାର ବିସ୍ତ୍ରୁତ ସଂସ୍କରଣ ଡାଇନୋସର ଶ୍ରେଣୀବିଭାଗରେ ମିଳିପାରିବ । ଏଠାରେ ବ୍ୟବହୃତ cross (†) ଚିହ୍ନଟି no living members ଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ସୂଚାଉଛି ।

• †Herrerasauria (early bipedal carnivores)
• †Coelophysoidea (small, early theropods; includes Coelophysis and close relatives)
• †Dilophosauridae (early crested and carnivorous theropods)
• †Ceratosauria (generally elaborately horned, the dominant southern carnivores of the Cretaceous)
• Tetanurae ("stiff tails"; includes most theropods)

• †Megalosauroidea (early group of large carnivores including the semi-aquatic spinosaurids)
• †Carnosauria (Allosaurus and close relatives, like Carcharodontosaurus)
• Coelurosauria (feathered theropods, with a range of body sizes and niches)

• †Compsognathidae (early coelurosaurs with reduced forelimbs)
• †Tyrannosauridae (Tyrannosaurus and close relatives; had reduced forelimbs)
• †Ornithomimosauria ("ostrich-mimics"; mostly toothless; carnivores to possible herbivores)
• †Alvarezsauroidea (small insectivores with reduced forelimbs each bearing one enlarged claw)
• Maniraptora ("hand snatchers"; had long, slender arms and fingers)

• †Therizinosauria (bipedal herbivores with large hand claws and small heads)
• †Scansoriopterygidae (small, arboreal maniraptors with long third fingers)
• †Oviraptorosauria (mostly toothless; their diet and lifestyle are uncertain)
• †Archaeopterygidae (small, winged protobirds)
• †Dromaeosauridae (small- to medium-sized theropods)
• †Troodontidae (small, gracile theropods)
• Avialae (birds and extinct relatives)

• †Omnivoropterygidae (large, early short-tailed avialans)
• †Confuciusornithidae (small toothless birds)
• †Enantiornithes (primitive tree-dwelling, flying birds)
• Euornithes (advanced flying birds)

• †Yanornithiformes (toothed Cretaceous Chinese birds)
• †Hesperornithes (specialized aquatic diving birds)
• Aves (modern, beaked birds and their extinct relatives)

ଅନ୍ୟାନ୍ୟ ସମ୍ପର୍କୀୟ

ନିମ୍ନୋକ୍ତ family treeଟି ପ୍ରଧାନ ଥେରୋପୋଡ଼ ଗ୍ରୁପ ଗୁଡ଼ିକର ସମ୍ପର୍କୀୟମାନଙ୍କର ଉତ୍ପତ୍ତିକୁ ସୂଚାଉଛି । ଏହାକୁ ୨୦୧୦ ମସିହା ସୁଦ୍ଧା କରାଯାଇଥିବା ବିଭିନ୍ନ ଗବେଷଣା ଆଧାରରେ ତିଆରି କରାଯାଇଛି । ^[4]

Theropoda	†Herrerasauridae †Eoraptor †Eodromaeus †Daemonosaurus †Tawa  Neotheropoda   †Coelophysoidea  †Dilophosauridae Averostra †Ceratosauria Tetanurae †Megalosauroidea Avetheropoda †Allosauroidea Coelurosauria

ଆହୁରି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁ

ଆଧାର

1. Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2012). Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, Winter 2011 Appendix.
2. Anderson, Ted R. (2006). Biology of the Ubiquitous House Sparrow: from Genes to Populations. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-530411-X.
3. Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2011) Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages, Winter 2011 Appendix.
4. Hendrickx, C.; Hartman, S.A.; Mateus, O. (2015). "An Overview of Non- Avian Theropod Discoveries and Classification". PalArch’s Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology. 12 (1): 1–73.

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ