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Malayopolynesiske språk er ei språkgruppe som omfattar alle austronesiske språk tala utanfor Taiwan. Dei blir tala på øyane i Søraust-Asia og Stillehavet, med spreidde døme i Afrika, med gassisk på Madagaskar, og Fastlands-Asia. Om lag 351 millionar menneske snakkar malayopolynesisiske språk.
Malayopolynesiske språk | ||
Klassifisering: | austronesisk
| |
Område: | Søraust-Asia og Stillehavet | |
Norsk | Gassisk | Ma'anyan | malayisk
(Indonesia, Malaysia) |
Gammal-javanesisk
(Indonesia) |
Cebuano/visayan | Tagalog | Futuna | Felles urspråk |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ein | isa, iray | isa, erai | satu | -sa, tunggal | usa | isa | tasi | *esa, *isa |
to | roa | rueh | dua | rwa, ro | duha | dalawa | rua | *duha |
tre | telo | telu | tiga | telu | tulo | tatlo | tolu, toru | *telu |
eg, min | (iz)aho, -ko | aku, -ku | aku, -ku | ako, -ko | ako, -ko- | akô, akin | au, avau, -ku | *i-aku |
du, din | ianao, -nao | hanyu, -nyu | engkau, -kau | ko, ngko, kowe | ikaw, -kaw | ikaw, iyo | akoe, kee | *i-kahu |
han | izy, -ny | hanye, -nye | ia, dia, -nya | sira | siya | siya, niya | o-ia, ia | *si-ia |
himmel | lanitra | langit | langit | langit | langit | idem | rangi | *langit |
måne, månad | volana | wulan | bulan | wulan | bulan | buwan | mirama | *bulan |
sol | masoandro | mateandrau | matahari | ari | adlaw | arâw | la | *ha(n)daw |
dag | andro | andrau | hari | dina | adlaw | araw | ao, aso | *qalejaw |
natt | alina | (ka)malem | malam | wengi | gab’i | gabi | bo, poo’uli | *bengi |
år | taona | taun | tahun | tahun | tu'ig | taôn | tau | *taqun |
jord | tany | tane | tanah | tanah | yuta | lupa | kere, kele | *tanaq, *taneq |
vatn, (hav) | rano, (farihy) | ranu, (danaw) | air, (danau) | wway, (ranu) | tubig, (lanaw) | tubig, (ilog) | wvai, (namo) | *danum, (*wai) |
regn | orana | uran | hujan | udan | ulan | ùlan | ua | *quzan |
stein | vato | watu | batu | watu | bato | batô | fatu | *batu |
eld | afo | apuy | api | apuy | kalayo | apôy | afi | *hapuy |
skog | hazo, -kazo, ala | kakaw, jumpun | kayu, hutan | alas | lasang | kahôy, gubat | la’au, 'ara | *kayuh, *alas |
blad | ravina | rawen | daun | ron | dahon | dahon | rau, lau | *dahun |
frukt | voa | wua | buah | wwah | bunga | bûnga | fua | *buaq |
tau | tady | tadi | tali | tali | pisi | lubid | taula, vava | *talih |
fugl | vorona | wurung | burung | manuk | langgam | ibon | manu | *manuk |
namn | anarana | ngaran | (nama) ngaran | jeneng | ngalan | pangalan | ingoa | *ngayan |
menneske | olona | ulun | orang, (ulun) | uwong | tawo | taò | tangata | *tau |
mann | (lehi)lahy | upu | laki-laki | lanang | lalaki | lalake | tane | *laki |
kvinne | (vehi)vavy | wawey | bini (épouse) | wadon, wedok | babaye | babae | fafine | *bahi |
barn | (z)anaka, zaza | ia | anak | anak | bata | batà | tama | *anak |
huvud | loha | ulu' | hulu | hulu | ulo | ulô | uru, ulu | *qulu |
hår | volo | wulu | bulu | bulu | buhôk | balahibo, buhok | fulu, furu | *buhek |
skinn | hoditra | kudit | kulit | kulit | panit | balât | kili, kiri | *kulit |
hus | trano, (levo), vala | lewu | balai (pavillon) | bale | balay | bahay | fale | *humaq,*balay |
tak | tafo | hapau | atap | atep | atup | bùbông | ato, inaki | *qatep |
veg | lalana | lalan | jalan | dalan | dalan | daân | ala, retu | *zalan |
eta | (mi)hinana, homana | kuman | makan | mangan | mokaon | kàin | kai, omaki | *kaen |
drikka | misotro, (minona) | ngo’ot | minum | ngombe | moinum | inòm | inu | *inum |
koka | (ma)handro | nandruk | (me)masak | masak | (mag)luto | lutò | hkavi | *tanek,*zakan |
grilla | (mi)tono | nutung | (mem)bakar | tunu | sunugon | ihaw | tungia, tutu | *tunu |
sova | (ma)tory, mandry | mandre | tidur | turu | katurog | tulog | moe, moerua | *tidu(r) |
leva, levande | velona | belum | hidup | urip | mabuhi | mabuhay, buhay | mouri | *ma-hudip |
døy, død | maty | matey | mati | mati | mamatay | mamatay, patay | mate | *matay |
drepa | mamono | manuh | (mem)bunuh | mateni | mopatay | pumatay | jiaka mate | *bunuq |
varm | (ma)fana | malaing | panas | mapanas | init, alimuot | init, banas | mafana | *ma-panas |
kvit | fotsy | mahilak | putih | putih | buti | pùti | hkengo, tea | *ma-putiq |
svart | mainty | maintem | hitam | ireng | itum | itim | uli, uri | *ma-qitem |
ny | vao | wa’u | baru | anyar | bag'ô | bago | fou | *ma-baqu |
dette, det | ity, iny, iry | iti, iru | ini, itu | iki, iku | kini, kana | ito, èto | tenei, tena | *i-ni, *i-na |
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