हिन्द-इरानी नागरिक

हिन्द-इरानी नागरिक, वा इन्डो-इरानी नागरिक^[1] र कहिलेकाहीँ आर्य वा आर्यन (स्वघोषित नाम), एक भाषिक-जातिय समूह थियो जसले भारोपेली भाषा परिवारको ठूलो शाखा हिन्द-इरानी भाषाहरू युरेसियामा ल्याएका थिए ।

नामकरण

'आर्यन' शब्दको अर्थ 'हिन्द-इरानी' हो किनकि 'आर्य' हिन्द-इरानी भाषाहरू बोल्ने प्राचीन जातिको एक स्वघोषित नाम हो, विशेषतः इरानी र हिन्द-आर्य नागरिकहरूलाई सामूहिक रूपमा हिन्द-इरानी भनिन्छ।^[2][3] यस जातिय समूहलाई जनाउन केही विद्वानहरू हिन्द-इरानी शब्दको प्रयोग गर्दछन् भने कसै कसैले 'आर्यन' शब्दको प्रयोग गर्दछन्।^[4][5][6][7]

भाषा

हिन्द-इरानी भाषाहरू

सन्दर्भ सामग्रीहरू

1. Naseer Dashti (८ अक्टोबर २०१२), The Baloch and Balochistan: A historical account from the Beginning to the fall of the Baloch State, Trafford Publishing, आइएसबिएन 978-1-4669-5897-5।
2. The "Aryan" Language, Gherardo Gnoli, Instituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente, Roma, 2002.
3. . Schmitt, "Aryans" in Encyclopedia Iranica: Excerpt:"The name “Aryan” (OInd. ā́rya-, Ir. *arya- [with short a-], in Old Pers. ariya-, Av. airiia-, etc.) is the self designation of the peoples of Ancient India and Ancient Iran who spoke Aryan languages, in contrast to the “non-Aryan” peoples of those “Aryan” countries (cf. OInd. an-ā́rya-, Av. an-airiia-, etc.), and lives on in ethnic names like Alan (Lat. Alani, NPers. īrān, Oss. Ir and Iron.". Also accessed online: in May, 2010
4. Wiesehofer, Joseph: Ancient Persia. New York: 1996. I.B. Tauris. Recommends the use by scholars of the term Aryan to describe the Eastern, not the Western, branch of the Indo-European peoples (see "Aryan" in index)
5. Durant, Will: Our Oriental Heritage. New York: 1954. Simon and Schuster. According to Will Durant on Page 286: “the name Aryan first appears in the [name] Harri, one of the tribes of the Mitanni. In general it was the self-given appellation of the tribes living near or coming from the [southern] shores of the Caspian sea. The term is properly applied today chiefly to the Mitannians, Hittites, Medes, Persians, and Vedic Hindus, i.e., only to the eastern branch of the Indo-European peoples, whose western branch populated Europe.”
6. Häkkinen, Jaakko (२०१२), "Early contacts between Uralic and Yukaghir" (PDF), in Tiina Hyytiäinen; Lotta Jalava; Janne Saarikivi et al., Per Urales ad Orientem (Festschrift for Juha Janhunen on the occasion of his 60th birthday on 12 February 2012), Helsinki: Finno-Ugric Society, आइएसबिएन 978-952-5667-34-9, अन्तिम पहुँच १२ नोभेम्बर २०१३। |displayeditors= सम्पादकहरू (सहायता)
7. Häkkinen, Jaakko (२३ सेप्टेम्बर २०१२), "Problems in the method and interpretations of the computational phylogenetics based on linguistic data – An example of wishful thinking: Bouckaert et al. 2012" (PDF), Jaakko Häkkisen puolikuiva alkuperäsivusto, Jaakko Häkkinen, अन्तिम पहुँच १२ नोभेम्बर २०१३। वेब्याक मेसिन अभिलेखिकरण १ सेप्टेम्बर २०१३ मिति