Fail:Southern_Lights.jpg
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![Fail:Southern Lights.jpg](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Southern_Lights.jpg/800px-Southern_Lights.jpg)
Fail asli (4,256 × 2,832 piksel, saiz fail: 1.87 MB, jenis MIME: image/jpeg)
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KeteranganSouthern Lights.jpg |
To download the full resolution and other files go to: earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=52287 And the skies of night were alive with light, with a throbbing, thrilling flame; Amber and rose and violet, opal and gold it came. It swept the sky like a giant scythe, it quivered back to a wedge; Argently bright, it cleft the night with a wavy golden edge. — “The Ballad of the Northern Lights” In describing auroras as he saw them in the far north in 1908, poet Robert Service captured the sense of fluid motion, the vivid color, and the fiery, flame-like qualities one sees from the ground. His description works just as well in the southern hemisphere and when looking down from above. Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) used a digital camera to capture several hundred photographs of the aurora australis, or “southern lights,” while passing over the Indian Ocean on September 17, 2011. Solar panels and other sections of the ISS fill some of the upper right side of the photograph. Auroras are a spectacular sign that our planet is electrically and magnetically connected to the Sun. These light shows are provoked by energy from the Sun and fueled by electrically charged particles trapped in Earth’s magnetic field, or magnetosphere. In this case, the space around Earth was stirred up by an explosion of hot, ionized gas from the Sun—a coronal mass ejection—that left the Sun on September 14, 2011. The pressure and magnetic energy of the solar plasma stretches and twists the magnetic field of Earth like rubber bands, particularly in the tail on the night side. This energizes the particles trapped in our magnetic field; that energy is released suddenly as the field lines snap the particles down the field lines toward the north and south magnetic poles. Fast-moving electrons collide with Earth’s upper atmosphere, transferring their energy to oxygen and nitrogen molecules and making them chemically “excited.” As the gases return to their normal state, they emit photons, small bursts of energy in the form of light. The color of light reflects the type of molecules releasing it; oxygen molecules and atoms tend to glow green, white or red, while nitrogen tends to be blue or purple. This ghostly light originates at altitudes of 100 to 400 kilometers (60 to 250 miles). For more movie views of the Earth from above, visit: ISS Crew Earth Observations Videos. Astronaut photographs ISS029-E-06020 and ISS029-E-06244 were acquired on September 17, 2011, with a Nikon D3S digital camera using a 24 mm lens, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center. The images were taken by the Expedition 29 crew. The International Space Station Program supports the laboratory as part of the ISS National Lab to help astronauts take pictures of Earth that will be of the greatest value to scientists and the public, and to make those images freely available on the Internet. Additional images taken by astronauts and cosmonauts can be viewed at the NASA/JSC Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth. Movie by Robert Simmon. Caption by Michael Carlowicz. |
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Tarikh | ||||||
Sumber | Flickr: Southern Lights | |||||
Pengarang | NASA's Earth Observatory | |||||
Kebenaran (Penggunaan semula fail ini) |
![]() ![]() Fail ini dilesenkan di bawah lesen Pengiktirafan 2.0 Umum Creative Commons.
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Captions
Items portrayed in this file
menggambarkan
17 September 2011
Sejarah fail
Klik pada tarikh/waktu untuk melihat rupa fail tersebut pada waktu itu.
Tarikh/Waktu | Gambar kenit | Ukuran | Pengguna | Komen | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
semasa | 04:05, 27 April 2013 | ![]() | 4,256 × 2,832 (1.87 MB) | Ras67 | original |
07:32, 26 Januari 2012 | ![]() | 1,440 × 960 (312 KB) | Raoli | High resolution | |
21:03, 24 Januari 2012 | ![]() | 720 × 480 (151 KB) | Flickr upload bot | Uploaded from http://flickr.com/photo/68824346@N02/6750277373 using Flickr upload bot |
Penggunaan fail
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Metadata
Fail ini mengandungi maklumat tambahan daripada kamera digital atau pengimbas yang digunakan untuk menghasilkannya. Jika fail ini telah diubah suai daripada rupa asalnya, beberapa butiran dalam maklumat ini mungkin sudah tidak relevan.
Pengilang kamera | NIKON CORPORATION |
---|---|
Model kamera | NIKON D3S |
Tempoh pendedahan | 13/10 saat (1.3) |
Nombor F | f/2.8 |
Penilaian kelajuan ISO | 12,800 |
Tarikh dan waktu penjanaan data | 17:30, 17 September 2011 |
Panjang fokus kanta | 24 mm |
Komen pengguna |
|
Haluan | Normal |
Leraian mengufuk | 240 dpi |
Leraian menegak | 240 dpi |
Perisian digunakan | Adobe Photoshop CS4 Windows |
Tarikh dan waktu fail diubah | 13:09, 19 September 2011 |
Atur cara pendedahan | Manual |
Versi exif | 2.21 |
Tarikh dan waktu pendigitan | 17:30, 17 September 2011 |
Kelajuan pengatup APEX | −0.378512 |
Bukaan APEX | 2.970854 |
Kecenderungan pendedahan | 0 |
Bukaan tanah maksimum | 3 APEX (f/2.83) |
Mod permeteran | Corak |
Sumber cahaya | Tidak diketahui |
Denyar | Denyar tidak bernyala |
TarikhWaktu subsaat | 00 |
TarikhWaktuAsal subsaat | 00 |
TarikhWaktuPendigitan subsaat | 00 |
Ruang warna | sRGB |
Kaedah penderiaan | Penderia kawasan warna cip tunggal |
Sumber fail | Kamera pegun digital |
Jenis latar | Gambar yang diambil secara terus |
Pemprosesan imej tempahan | Proses biasa |
Mod pendedahan | Pendedahan manual |
Imbangan warna putih | Imbangan warna putih automatik |
Nisbah zum digital | 1 |
Panjang fokus dalam filem 35 mm | 24 mm |
Jenis penangkapan latar | Standard |
Kawalan latar | Gandaan tinggi atas |
Kontras | Normal |
Kepekatan | Normal |
Ketajaman | Normal |
Julat jarak subjek | Tidak diketahui |
Jarak subjek | 4,294,967,295 meter |
Lebar imej | 4,256 px |
Tinggi imej | 2,832 px |
Nombor bersiri kamera | 2008336 |
Kanta yang digunakan | 14.0-24.0 mm f/2.8 |
Tarikh kali terakhir metadata diubah | 08:09, 19 September 2011 |
Nilai (daripada 5) | 0 |
ID unik dokumen asli | xmp.did:4392DC7BEAE2E0118223F0CE1B7FB864 |
Versi IIM | 29,599 |