ὀρφανός, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek–English Lexicon, on Perseus
Generalia
- Bullen, John. 1985. "Orphans, Idiots, Lunatics, and More Idiots: Recent Approaches to the History of Child Welfare in Canada." Histoire Sociale: Social History 18, no. 35 (Maius): 133–145.
- Harrington, Joel F. 2009. The Unwanted Child: The Fate of Foundlings, Orphans and Juvenile Criminals in Early Modern Germany.
- Keating, Janie. 2009. A Child for Keeps: The History of Adoption in England, 1918–45.
- Miller, Timothy S. 2009. The Orphans of Byzantium: Child Welfare in the Christian Empire.
- Safley, Thomas Max. 2006. Children of the Laboring Poor: Expectation and Experience among the Orphans of Early Modern Augsburg.
- Schulz, H., H. Radebold, et J. Reulecke. 2013. Söhne ohne Väter. Erfahrungen der Kriegsgeneration. Christoph Links Verlag. ISBN 978-3-86284-228-5/
- Sen, Satadru. 2007. "The orphaned colony: Orphanage, child and authority in British India." Indian Economic and Social History Review 44, no. 4 (Oct-Dec): 463–88.
- Terpstra, Nicholas. 2005. Abandoned Children of the Italian Renaissance: Orphan Care in Florence and Bologna.
Civitates Foederatae
- Berebitsky, Julie. 2000. Like Our Very Own: Adoption and the Changing Culture of Motherhood, 1851–1950.
- Carp, E. Wayne, ed. 2003. Adoption in America: Historical Perspectives.
- Hacsi, Timothy A. 1997. A Second Home: Orphan Asylums and Poor Families in America.
- Herman, Ellen. 2008. Kinship by Design: A History of Adoption in the Modern United States. ISBN 978-0-226-32760-0.
- Kleinberg, S. J. 2006. Widows And Orphans First: The Family Economy And Social Welfare Policy, 1880–1939.
- Miller, Julie. 2007. Abandoned: Foundlings in Nineteenth-Century New York City.
