시간 유한주의(temporal finitism)는 시간이 과거 속에 유한하다는 교리이다. 자연학 등의 작품에서 표현되는, 아리스토텔레스의 철학에서, 하늘 바깥에는 공허만이 존재하며, 공간은 유한하지만, 시간은 무한하다고 간주했다. 이는 천지 창조와 아리스토텔레스의 영원의 개념을 조정할 수 없었던 중세 이슬람, 유대, 기독교 철학자들에게 문제를 일으켰다.
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