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Fénol
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Cithakan:Chembox MagSusCithakan:Chembox RefractIndexCithakan:Chembox LattConstCithakan:Chembox LD50
Fénol | |
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Sodium hydroxide[1] | |
Identifikasi | |
Nomor CAS | [1310-73-2] |
PubChem | 14798 |
Nomer EINECS | 215-185-5 |
KEGG | D01169 |
MeSH | Sodium+Hydroxide |
ChEBI | CHEBI:32145 |
Nomer RTECS | WB4900000 |
SMILES | [OH-].[Na+] |
InChI | 1/Na.H2O/h;1H2/q+1;/p-1 |
Réferènsi Gmelin | 68430 |
Sifat | |
Rumus molekul | NaOH |
Massa molar | 39.9971 g mol−1 |
Panampilan | White, waxy, opaque crystals |
Ambu | odorless |
Densitas | 2.13 g/cm3[4] |
Titik leleh |
323 °C, 596 K, 613 °F |
Titik umob |
1388 °C, 1661 K, 2530 °F |
Kelarutan dalam air | 418 g/L (0 °C) 1000 g/L (25 °C)[4] 3370 g/L (100 °C) |
Kelarutan | soluble in glycerol negligible in ammonia insoluble in ether slowly soluble in propylene glycol |
Kelarutan dalam methanol | 238 g/L |
Kelarutan dalam ethanol | <<139 g/L |
Penetan uwab | <2.4 kPa (at 20 °C) |
Basicity (pKb) | 0.2 |
Struktur | |
Struktur kristal | Orthorhombic, oS8 |
Grup ruwang | Cmcm, No. 63 |
Termokimia | |
Entalpi pambentukan standar (ΔfH |
−425.8 kJ·mol−1 |
Entropi molar standar S |
64.4 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Kapasitas panas, C | {{{HeactCapacity}}} |
Bahaya | |
NFPA 704 | |
U.S. Permissible exposure limit (PEL) |
TWA 2 mg/m3[5] |
Senyawa kagandhèng | |
Anion liyané | Sodium hydrosulfide Sodium hydride Sodium oxide |
Kation liyané | Lithium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide Rubidium hydroxide Caesium hydroxide Francium hydroxide |
Kejaba ditélakaké suwaliké, data ing ndhuwur kanggo ing suhu lan tekanan standar (25°C, 100 kPa) |
![Thumb image](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Phenol_%28carbolic_acid%29.jpg/640px-Phenol_%28carbolic_acid%29.jpg)
Fénol (uga diarani asem karbolik ) minangka senyawa organik aromatik kanthi formula molekul C6H5OH. Iki wujude padatan kristal putih sing ora stabil. Molekul kasebut kalebu klompok fenil (−C6H5) sing kaiket karo klompok hidroksi (−OH). Asem sing alus, dibutuhaké ditangani kanthi ati-ati amarga bisa nyebabaké kobongan kimia. Fénol pisanan diekstrak saka tar batubara, nanging saiki diproduksi kanthi ukuran akèh (udakara 7 milyar kg / taun) saka bahan baku petroliam. Iki minangka komoditas industri penting minangka prekursor kanggo akèh bahan lan senyawa sing migunani.[6] Utamané digunakaké kanggo nyintesis plastik lan bahan sing gegandhengan. Fénol lan asalé bahan kimia penting kanggo produksi polikarbonat, epoksi, bakélite, nilon, deterjen, herbisida kayata herbisida fenoksi, lan akèh obat-obatan farmasi. Zat iki warna putih utawa ora berwarna lan duwé ambu khas.[7]