ISBN 978-4385139050 ^ Hoshaw, R. W. & McCourt, R. M. (1988). “The Zygnemataceae (Chlorophyta): a twenty-year update of research”. Phycologia 27: 511‒548
mat: Phototaxis in the filamentous green algae Spirogyra (Chlorophyta, Zygnemataceae)”. Journal of Phycology 41: 232–237. doi:10.1111/j.1529-8817.2005.03234