Johanson, Lars (1998). “"The History of Turkic"”. In Lars Johanson & Éva Ágnes Csató (英語). The TurkicLanguages. London, New York: Routledge. pp. 81-125
Éva Ágnes (1998). The TurkicLanguages. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-08200-5. Menges, Karl H. (1995). The TurkicLanguages and Peoples (2nd ed.). Wiesbaden: