“Transatlantic Slave Trade”. UNESCO. 30 January 2016閲覧。 ^ Greene, Jacqueline. SlaveryinAncientEgypt and Mesopotamia. 2001. ISBN 0-531-16538-8 奴隷貿易とその廃止を記念する国際デー
id=fNGqNQcIhtMC ^ Schrenk, Sabine (2006) (英語). Textiles in Situ: Their Find Spots inEgypt and Neighbouring Countries in the First Millenium CE. Abegg-Stiftung. pp
2011年3月1日閲覧。 ^ Transformations inSlavery:A History of Slaveryin Africa p 25 by Paul E. Lovejoy ^ Jo Loosemore. “Sailing against slavery” (英語). BBC News. 2011年3月1日閲覧。
"ancient Arabic geography had quite a fixed pattern in listing the countries from the Red Sea to the Indian Ocean: These are al-Misr (Egypt) -- al-Muqurra