8月24日午前8時頃、ラフリー隊はグレートマイアミ川河口より下流約11マイル (18 km) にあったクリークの河口近くでオハイオ川北岸に上陸した[51]。当時の幾つかの簡潔な証言に拠れば、ラフリーはブラントの策略で岸に残していた捕虜になったアメリカ人が見えたので、岸に引き寄せられた。ブラントはラフリーが上陸した後でこれを襲った[52]。しかし、さらに詳細な証言に拠れば、ブラントがこの策略を考えたが、ペンシルベニア兵は捕虜を見つけること無く、偶々僅か上流で上陸したことになっている[53]。いずれにしてもラフリーの部隊は、まだマッキーの援軍が到着していなかったブラント隊が攻撃を掛けられるほど近くに接近した。
Most sources give the number of Lochry's men as 107. Two casualty reports made by participants—one prepared by Joseph Brant or the British, the other by an American captive—both list 101 men by name. Two books give higher figures: Mann (George Washington's War, 234) lists Lochry's strength in the battle as 142, while Nester (Frontier War, 300) gives it as 140.
Several days after the battle, a British report listed 37 Americans killed and 64 captured; Pershing, "Lost Battalion"; Maurer, "British Version", 219. A subsequent list made by Isaac Anderson, one of Lochry's men who was captured and later escaped, listed 41 killed and 60 captured; Hunter, "Pathfinders", 392.
Clark's promotion was worded this way because the state of Virginia only appointed generals to serve special purposes. Bakeless, Background to Glory, 272; James, George Rogers Clark, 231–32.
Brant's birth name was Thayendanegea, but like other Indians who had been baptized into Christianity, he also used a Christian name; Taylor, Divided Ground, 3.
English, Conquest, 723. According to most accounts, the place where the instructions were left attached to the pole was at the mouth of the Kanawha, but Bakeless (Background to Glory, 276) places this detail at Wheeling.
Belue ("Lochry's Defeat", 313) writes that Cracraft and Lochry missed each other; most accounts state otherwise, because Isaac Anderson's journal records the rendezvous with Cracraft. Cracraft's name is spelled in a variety of ways, including "Crecraft" and "Craycraft".
The creek where the battle took place was later named Loughrey (Laughery) Creek, after an alternate spelling of Lochry's name; Martindale, Loughery's Defeat, 107.
Bakeless, Background to Glory, 278; English, Conquest, 725. According to English, the prisoners were stationed on what was later called Laughery Island, but the battle took place before Lochry reached the island.
Maurer, "British Version", 223; Butterfield, History of the Girtys, 131. Butterfield writes that Brant went with McKee to Long Run, but Kelsay indicates that McKee and Brant had split up.
One of Lochry's men who was adopted by the Shawnees was James McPherson. McPherson lived with the Shawnees until 1793, and later returned to open a trading post in Lewistown, Ohio, where he became the merchant the Indians most trusted; Sugden, Blue Jacket, 310–11. Another was Christian Fast, adopted by the Delawares, who also moved on to Ohio; Duff, History of North Central Ohio, Vol. 1, 97-102.
Bailey, De Witt. "British Indian Department". The American Revolution, 1775–1783: An Encyclopedia 1:165–77. Ed. Richard L. Blanco. New York: Garland, 1993. ISBN 0-8240-5623-X.
Belue, Ted Franklin. "Lochry's Defeat". The American Revolution, 1775–1783: An Encyclopedia 1:954–55. Ed. Richard L. Blanco. New York: Garland, 1993. ISBN 0-8240-5623-X.
Boatner, Mark Mayo, III. "Lochry's Defeat". Encyclopedia of the American Revolution: Library of Military History, 2nd ed., 1:645. Edited by Harold E. Selesky. Detroit: Scribner's, 2006. ISBN 0-684-31513-0.
Duff, William A. "Chapter 12, Christian Fast". History of North Central Ohio, Vol. 1: 97-102. Historical Publishing Co., Topeka KS and Indianapolis IN, 1931.
Hunter, W. H. "The Pathfinders of Jefferson County." Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly 6, no. 2 (1898): 140–42; 384–92. Accessed online through the Ohio Historical Society's online archive. Hunter's initial account of the expedition was expanded and corrected in an addenda.
Maurer, C. J. "The British Version of Lochry's Defeat." Bulletin of the Historical and Philosophical Society of Ohio 10 (July 1952): 215–230.
Pershing, Edgar J. "The Lost Battalion of the Revolutionary War." National Genealogical Society Quarterly 16, no. 3 (1928): 44–51. Includes captured correspondence and the British list of men killed and taken prisoner. Available online through Fisher Family Genealogy, which also provides a PDF copy of the original article.
Sugden, John. "Joseph Brant". Encyclopedia of North American Indians, 83–85. Ed. Frederick E. Hoxie. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1996. ISBN 0-395-66921-9.
Warnes, Kathleen. "Lochry's Defeat". The Encyclopedia of the American Revolutionary War: A Political, Social, and Military History. 2:726. Gregory Fremont-Barnes and Richard Alan Ryerson, eds. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, 2006. ISBN 1-85109-408-3.
書籍
Bakeless, John. Background to Glory: The Life of George Rogers Clark. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1957. Bison Book printing, 1992. ISBN 0-8032-6105-5.
Butterfield, Consul Willshire. History of the Girtys. Cincinnati: Clarke, 1890.
Downes, Randolph C. Council Fires on the Upper Ohio: A Narrative of Indian Affairs in the Upper Ohio Valley until 1795. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1940. ISBN 0-8229-5201-7 (1989 reprint).
English, William Hayden. Conquest of the Country Northwest of the River Ohio, 1778–1783, and Life of Gen. George Rogers Clark. Vol 2. Indianapolis: Bowen-Merrill, 1896.
Hassler, Edgar W. Old Westmoreland: A History of Western Pennsylvania during the Revolution. Pittsburgh: Weldon, 1900.
James, James Alton. The Life of George Rogers Clark. University of Chicago Press, 1928.
Kelsay, Isabel Thompson. Joseph Brant, 1743–1807, Man of Two Worlds. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press, 1984. ISBN 0-8156-0182-4 (hardback); ISBN 0-8156-0208-1 (1986 paperback).
Lancaster,Bruce(1971).The American Revolution.New York:American Heritage.ISBN0-618-12739-9
Mann, Barbara Alice. George Washington's War on Native America. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger, 2005. ISBN 0-275-98177-0.
Martindale, Charles. Loughery's Defeat and Pigeon Roost Massacre. Indianapolis: Bowen-Merrill, 1888. Indiana Historical Society Publications 2, no. 4: 97–127. Pamphlet which includes Anderson's journal and other documents.
Nelson, Larry L. A Man of Distinction among Them: Alexander McKee and the Ohio Country Frontier, 1754–1799. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-87338-620-5 (hardcover).
Nester, William. The Frontier War for American Independence. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole, 2004. ISBN 0-8117-0077-1.
Sugden, John. Blue Jacket: Warrior of the Shawnees. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000. ISBN 0-8032-4288-3.
Taylor, Alan. The Divided Ground: Indians, Settlers, and the Northern Borderland of the American Revolution. New York: Knopf, 2006. ISBN 0-679-45471-3.
Van Every, Dale. A Company of Heroes: The American Frontier, 1775–1783. New York: Morrow, 1962.
出版された一次史料
Several letters of Lochry, Joseph Reed, and General Irvine are published in the Pennsylvania Archives, 1st series, vol. 9 (Philadelphia 1854). Anderson's journal is in the Pennsylvania Archives, 6th series, 2:403–410, (Harrisburg 1906), and is available online through Fisher Family Genealogy, which also has a PDF copy of the pages from the Pennsylvania Archives. Many other letters about the campaign are printed in James A. James, ed., George Rogers Clark Papers , 2 vols. (1912; reprint New York, AMS Press, 1972).
British letters relating to Lochry's Defeat were published in Pioneer Collections: Collections and Researches Made by the Pioneer Society of the State of Michigan 2nd ed., vols. 10 and 19 (Lansing, 1908–13), and are online at the American Memory website, published by the Library of Congress. Highlights include:
Brant to McKee August 21, 1781. Brant writes that Clark has just passed and that Lochry is approaching.
Thompson and McKee to DePeyster August 29, 1781 Thompson and McKee report Brant's victory and forward captured American correspondence.
De Peyster to Captains Thompson and McKee, September 13, 1781. De Peyster expresses satisfaction at Brant's victory, mixed with disappointment that the Indians did not move against Clark.
Thompson to DePeyster September 26, 1781. Thompson reports on the dispersal of the Indians after news that Clark's expedition is cancelled.
McKee to DePeyster September 26, 1781. McKee relays his activities after the battle, and the difficulty in getting the Indians to pursue Clark.
DePeyster to McKee October 4, 1781. DePeyster instructs McKee to tell the Indians that no rum will be distributed at Detroit until he is sure Clark is finished for the season.
Haldimand to DePeyster October 6, 1781. Haldimand expresses hope that Brant's example will inspire the Indians to make further efforts against Clark.
Haldimand to Germain, October 23, 1781. Haldimand sends word to London about Brant's victory.
Haldimand to unknown November 1, 1781. Haldimand complains that the money spent on the Indians this year had been "thrown away", with the exception of Brant and his 100 men.
Crecraft, Earl W. "Sidelights on the Lochry Massacre". Indiana History Bulletin 6, extra no. 2 (1929): 82–93.
Edwards, Charles G. "The Battle at Lochry Creek". Common Patriot: The American Revolutionary War Magazine. Fort Myers, Florida: no publication date given. Amateur history online, has photographs of two historical markers.
McHenry, Chris. The Best Men of Westmoreland: An Historical Account of the Lochry Expedition. Lawrenceburg, Indiana: 1981. Self-published history which includes additional information on the fate of Lochry's men. Has some passages of invented dialogue.
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