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Ụdị dị ụkọ bụ otu ìgwè nke ihe ndị dị ndụ na adịghị ahụkebe, dị ụkọ, ma ọ bụ na ahụkarị. Enwere ike itinye aha a ma ọ bụ osisi ma ọ bụ anụmanụ, ọ dịkwa iche na okwu ahụ dị n'ihe ize ndụ ma ọ bụ na eyi egwu. Otu ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị nwere ike ịkpọpụta ụdị dị iche iche a na adịghị ahụkebe, dị ka gọọmentị mba, steeti, ma ọ bụ mpaghara. Okwu a na apụtakarị n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla gbasara. International Union for Conservation of Nature anaghị eme ụdị aha ndị a, mana enwere ike iji okwu ahụ na mkparịta ụka sayensị.[1]
obere ụdị nke | species ![]() |
---|---|
relative to | Common species ![]() |
Ihe dị ụkọ na adabere na otu ụdị nke obere ihe dị ndụ na anọchite anya ya n'ụwa niile, na abụkarị ihe na erughị 10,000. Otú ọ dị, ụdị nwere ebe dị warara ma ọ bụ ebe obibi nkewa na emetụtakwa echiche ahụ.[2][3] Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 75% nke ụdị ndị a maara dị ka "ihe dị ụkọ".
Ụdị ndị dị ụkọ bụ ụdị nwere obere ọnụ ọgụgụ. Ọtụtụ ga abanye n'ime ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ ma ọ bụ ndị na adịghị ike ma ọ bụrụ na ihe ndị na emebi ha na emetụta ha na-aga n'ihu na arụ ọrụ. Ihe atụ a ma ama nke ụdị dị iche iche - n'ihi na ndị a bụ nnukwu anụmanụ ala - gụnyere anụ ọhịa bea na-acha nchara nchara nke Himalayan, Fennec fox, anụ ọhịa ọhịa buffalo nke Asia, ma ọ bụ Hornbill.
Ha anọbeghị n'ihe ize ndụ, mana a na ekewa ha dị ka "ndị nọ n'ihe egwu", ọ bụ ezie na ókèala dị n'etiti ụdị ndị a na esiri ike ịdọrọ n'ihi ụkọ data gbasara ụdị dị ụkọ.[4][5] Nke a bụ karịsịa n'Oké Osimiri ụwa ebe ọtụtụ ụdị 'dị ụkọ' a na ahụbeghị kemgbe ọtụtụ iri afọ nwere ike ịpụ n'anya n'amaghị ama, ma ọ bụrụ na ha anọghị n'ọnụ ọnwụ dị ka Vaquita nke Mexico.[6]
Ụdị nwere ike ịnọ n'ihe ize ndụ ma ọ bụ na adịghị ike, mana a naghị ele ya anya dị ka ihe dị ụkọ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nwere nnukwu, ndị gbasasịrị. IUCN na eji okwu "ihe dị ụkọ" dị ka aha maka ụdị dị iche iche a na ahụ na ebe ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ. A na-ewere ụdị ndị dị ụkọ dị ka ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ n'ihi na obere ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ nwere ike ọ gaghị agbake site na ọdachi gburugburu ebe obibi.
Enwere ike ịhụ ọnọdụ iwu nke osisi a na adịghị ahụkebe site na USDA's Ebe nchekwa data osisi.
Name | Image | IUCN Red List conservation status | Last sighting | Estimated population | Endemic geographic location | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common name | Scientific name | Lowest wildlife | Highest wildlife | Captive | Total lowest | Total highest | ||||
Ethiopian amphibious rat | Nilopegamys plumbeus | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1927 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | ![]() | |
Zuniga's melanomys | Melanomys zunigae | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1949 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | Lima Department, Peru | |
De Winton's golden mole | Cryptochloris wintoni | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | c. 1950 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | ![]() | |
Northern Sumatran rhinoceros | Dicerorhinus sumatrensis lasiotis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | After 1960 1 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | Myanmar & Malay Peninsula, Malaysia / Thailand |
Christmas Island shrew | Crocidura trichura | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1986 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | Christmas Island | |
Cuban ivory-billed woodpecker | Campephilus principalis bairdii | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | 16 March 1987 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | Cuba |
Garrido's hutia | Capromys garridoi | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1989 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | Banco de los Jardins y Jardinillos, Canarreos Archipelago, Cuba | |
Angel Island mouse | Peromyscus guardia | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1991 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | ||
Emma's giant rat | Uromys emmae | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1994 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | Owi Island, Indonesia | |
Wimmer's shrew | Crocidura wimmeri | Critically Endangered | 2008 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | ![]() | |
Vietnamese Javan Rhino | Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | 2010 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | Vietnam |
Baiji | Lipotes vexillifer | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 2018 | ? | ? | 0 | ? | ? | ![]() | |
Puebla deer mouse | Peromyscus mekisturus | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1948 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 50 | ![]() | |
Dwarf hutia | Mesocapromys nana | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 26 October 1951 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 50 | Zapata Swamp, Cuba | |
New Zealand greater short-tailed bat | Mystacina robusta | ![]() |
Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1967 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 50 | ![]() |
Kouprey | Bos sauveli | ![]() |
Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1988 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 50 | ![]() |
Montane monkey-faced bat | Pteralopex pulchra | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 17 May 1990 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 50 | ![]() | |
San Felipe hutia | Mesocapromys sanfelipensis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1978 | 0 | 99 | 0 | 0 | 99 | Cayo de Juan Garcia & Cayos de San Felipe, Cuba |
Gloomy tube-nosed bat | Murina tenebrosa | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1962 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | Tsushima Island & Yakushima, Japan | |
Fernandina Island Galápagos tortoise | Chelonoidis niger phantasticus | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | N/A | 1 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 5 | Fernandina Island, Ecuador | |
Aru flying fox | Pteropus aruensis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1887 | 1 | 49 | 0 | 1 | 49 | Trangan, Indonesia |
Northern white rhinoceros | Ceratotherium simum cottoni | ![]() |
Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct in the Wild) | N/A | ? 2 | ? 2 | 2 2 | 2 2 | 2 2 | ![]() |
One-striped opossum | Monodelphis unistriata | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 9 April 1899 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 10 | ![]() | |
Yangtze giant softshell turtle | Rafetus swinhoei | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 5 | ![]() |
American ivory-billed woodpecker | Campephilus principalis principalis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | 8 April 2022 | 3 (as of 8 April 2022) | 3 (as of 8 April 2022)[7] | 0 | 3 (as of 8 April 2022)[7] | 3 (as of 8 April 2022)[7] | ![]() |
Guadalcanal rat | Uromys porculus | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | Between 1886 and 1888 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | ![]() | |
Emperor rat | Uromys imperator | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | c. 1960s | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 | ![]() | |
Key tree-cactus | Pilosocereus robinii | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 7 | 15 | 7 | 15 | Florida Keys, Mexico, Puerto Rico | |
Lord Howe Island stick insect | Dryococelus australis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | < 10 (as of 3 October 2021) | < 10 (as of 3 October 2021)[8] | < 10 (as of 3 October 2021)[8] | < 10 (as of 3 October 2021)[8] | Ball's Pyramid, Australia | |
Vaquita | Phocoena sinus | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 10 (as of 5 May 2022) | 10 (as of 5 May 2022)[9] | 0 | 10 (as of 5 May 2022)[9] | 10 (as of 5 May 2022)[9] | |
Saola | Pseudoryx nghetinhensis | Critically Endangered | 2013 | 20 (as of 30 October 2021) | < 100 (as of 20 August 2021) | 0 | 20 (as of 30 October 2021)[10] | < 100 (as of 20 August 2021)[11] | ![]() | |
Telefomin cuscus | Phalanger matanim | Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1997 | 40 | 40 | 0 | 40 | 40 | ![]() | |
Gobi bear | Ursus arctos gobiensis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 51 (as of 27 May 2022) | 51 (as of 27 May 2022)[12] | 0 | 51 (as of 27 May 2022)[12] | 51 (as of 27 May 2022)[12] | ![]() |
Māui dolphin | Cephalorhynchus hectori maui | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 55 | 55 | 55 | 55 | ![]() | |
Indonesian Javan rhinoceros | Rhinoceros sondaicus sondaicus | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 76 (as of 20 September 2022) | 76 (as of 20 September 2022)[13] | 0 | 76 (as of 20 September 2022)[13] | 76 (as of 20 September 2022)[13] | ![]() |
Western Sumatran rhinoceros | Dicerorhinus sumatrensis sumatrensis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 75 (as of 18 December 2022) | 85 (as of 18 December 2022)[14] | 10 | 85 | 95 | ![]() |
Alagoas curassow | Mitu mitu | ![]() |
Extinct in the wild | N/A | 0 | 130 | 130 | 130 | ![]() | |
[[Kākāpō}Kakapo]] | Strigops habroptilus | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 149 | 149 | 149 | 149 | Anchor Island, Codfish Island / Whenua Hou, Little Barrier Island and Maud Island, New Zealand | |
Philippine eagle | Pithecophaga jefferyi | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 200 breeding pairs | 200 breeding pairs | 200 breeding pairs | 200 breeding pairs | ![]() | |
Cross River gorilla | Gorilla gorilla diehli | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 200 | 300 | 0 | 200 | 300 | ![]() |
Bornean rhinoceros | Dicerorhinus sumatrensis harrissoni | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | < 250 (as of 24 February 2020) | < 250 (as of 24 February 2020)[15] | 0 | < 250 (as of 24 February 2020)[15] | < 250 (as of 24 February 2020)[15] | East Kalimantan, Indonesia & Sarawak, Malaysia |
Malabar large-spotted civet | Viverra civettina | ![]() |
Critically Endangered, Possibly Extinct | 1993 | 249 | 249 | 0 | 249 | 249 | ![]() |
Devils Hole pupfish | Cyprinodon diabolis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 263 (as of 29 September 2022) | 300 (as of 11 May 2022) | 475 (as of 4 May 2022)[16] | 475 (as of 4 May 2022) | Devils Hole, Death Valley National Park, United States of America | |
North Atlantic right whale | Eubalaena glacialis | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 366 | 366 | 366 | 366 | ![]() | |
Black softshell turtle | Nilssonia nigricans | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 150 | 150 | 300 | 450 | 450 | Sultan Bayazid Bastami shrine at Chittagong |
California condor | Gymnogyps californianus | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 446 | 446 | 446 | 446 | ![]() | |
Central rock rat | Zyzomys pedunculatus | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 800 | 800 | 0 | 800 | 800 | ![]() |
Wild Bactrian camel | Camelus ferus | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | 950 | 950 | 950 | 950 | ![]() | |
Eastern lowland gorilla | Gorilla beringei graueri | ![]() |
Critically Endangered | N/A | < 5,000 (as of 7 October 2022) | < 5,000 (as of 7 October 2022)[17] | 1 | < 5,000 or 5,000 | < 5,000 or 5,000 | ![]() |
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