The Man Who Laughs (film 1928)

The Man Who Laughs adalah film bisu drama romantis Amerika Serikat tahun 1928 yang disutradarai oleh pembuat film Paul Leni. Film ini merupakan adaptasi dari novel Victor Hugo tahun 1869 yang bernama sama, dan dibintangi oleh Mary Philbin sebagai si buta Dea dan Conrad Veidt sebagai Gwynplaine.

The Man Who Laughs
Poster rilis teatrikal
Sutradara	Paul Leni
Produser	Carl Laemmle
Skenario	J. Grubb Alexander Walter Anthony Mary McLean Charles E. Whittaker
Berdasarkan	The Man Who Laughs oleh Victor Hugo
Pemeran	Mary Philbin Conrad Veidt Brandon Hurst Cesare Gravina Stuart Holmes Samuel de Grasse George Siegmann Josephine Crowell
Penata musik	Jeff Rapsis Berklee College of Music
Sinematografer	Gilbert Warrenton
Penyunting	Edward L. Cahn Maurice Pivar
Perusahaan produksi	Universal Pictures
Distributor	Universal Pictures
Tanggal rilis	27 April 1928 (1928-04-27) (NYC Premiere) 04 November 1928 (1928-11-04)
Durasi	110 menit (10 reels)
Negara	Amerika Serikat
Bahasa	Bisu Inggris

Referensi

Bibliografi

• Altman, Rick (2007). Silent Film Sound. Film and Culture. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-11663-3.
• Castle, William (1992) [1976]. Step Right Up! I'm Gonna Scare the Pants Off America: Memoirs of a B-Movie Mogul. Putnam. ISBN 978-0-88687-657-9.
• Conrich, Ian (2004). "Before Sound: Universal, Silent Cinema, and the Last of the Horror-Spectaculars". Dalam Prince, Stephen. The Horror Film. Rutgers University Press. hlm. 40–57. ISBN 978-0-8135-3363-6.
• DiLeo, John (2007). Screen Savers: 40 Remarkable Movies Awaiting Rediscovery. Hansen. ISBN 978-1-60182-654-1.
• Dixon, Wheeler Winston (2010). A History of Horror. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-4795-4.
• Gleizes, Delphine, ed. (2005). L'œuvre de Victor Hugo à l'écran (dalam bahasa Prancis). L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-7475-9094-5.
• Holston, Kim R. (2013). Movie Roadshows: A History and Filmography of Reserved-Seat Limited Showings, 1911–1973. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-6062-5.
• Josephson, Matthew (2005) [1942]. Victor Hugo: A Realistic Biography of the Great Romantic. Jorge Pinto Books. ISBN 978-0-9742615-7-7.
• Long, Harry H (2012). "The Man Who Laughs". Dalam Soister, John T.; Nicolella, Henry; Joyce, Stever; Long, Harry H; Chase, Bill. American Silent Horror, Science Fiction and Fantasy Feature Films, 1913–1929. McFarland. hlm. 374–378. ISBN 978-0-7864-3581-4.
• Mank, Gregory William (2009) [1990]. Bela Lugosi and Boris Karloff: The Expanded Story of a Haunting Collaboration, with a Complete Filmography of Their Films Together (edisi ke-revised). McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-3480-0.
• Melnick, Ross (2012). American Showman: Samuel 'Roxy' Rothafel and the Birth of the Entertainment Industry, 1908–1935. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-15904-3.
• Richards, Rashna Wadia (2013). Cinematic Flashes: Cinephilia and Classical Hollywood. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-00688-2.
• Riley, Philip J. (1996). The Phantom of the Opera. Hollywood Archives Series. Magicimage Filmbooks. ISBN 978-1-882127-33-7.
• Rotha, Paul (1930). The Film Till Now: A Survey of the Cinema. Jonathan Cape. OCLC 886633324.
• Slowik, Michael (2014). After the Silents: Hollywood Film Music in the Early Sound Era, 1926–1934. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-16582-2.
• Soister, John T. (2002). Conrad Veidt on Screen: A Comprehensive Illustrated Filmography. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-4511-0.
• Solomon, Matthew (2013). "Laughing Silently". Dalam Pomerance, Murray. The Last Laugh: Strange Humors of Cinema. Wayne State University Press. hlm. 15–30. ISBN 978-0-8143-3513-0.
• Stephens, Michael L. (1998). Art Directors in Cinema: A Worldwide Biographical Dictionary. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-3771-9.

Pranala luar

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• (Inggris) The Man Who Laughs di American Film Institute Catalog
• (Inggris) The Man Who Laughs di AllMovie
• The Man Who Laughs di IMDb (dalam bahasa Inggris)
• The Man Who Laughs di Rotten Tomatoes (dalam bahasa Inggris)
• (Inggris) The Man Who Laughs di TCM Movie Database
• The Man Who Laughs di Letterboxd