Daftar Kaisar Jepang

Berikut daftar kaisar Jepang, satu-satunya negara modern yang kepala negaranya adalah seorang kaisar.

Lihat pula: Silsilah keluarga kekaisaran Jepang

Kaisar Jepang 天皇
Kekaisaran
Sedang berkuasa
Naruhito sejak 1 Mei 2019
Perincian
Sapaan resmi	Baginda (Heika, 陛下)
Penguasa pertama	Kaisar Jimmu
Pembentukan	660 SM
Kediaman	Istana Kekaisaran Tokyo sebagai kediaman resmi
Situs web	Badan Rumah Tangga Kekaisaran

Daftar kaisar

No.	Potret	Nama pribadi	Nama anumerta	Pemerintahan dan nama era[1][2][lower-roman 1]	Rincian kehidupan
0010 1		Hikohohodemi 彦火火出見	Kaisar Jimmu 神武天皇	660–585 SM (75 tahun)	721 or 711–585 SM (126 atau 136 tahun) Son of kami Ugayafukiaezu. Claimed descent from the sun goddess, Amaterasu. Defeated Nagasunehiko in the Eastern Expedition to become Kaisar. Presumed legendary.[4]
0020 2		Kamununakawamimi 神渟名川耳	Kaisar Suizei 綏靖天皇	581–549 SM (32 tahun)	632–549 SM (83 tahun) Son of Kaisar Jimmu. Presumed legendary.[5]
0030 3		Shikitsuhikotamatemi 磯城津彦玉手看	Kaisar Annei 安寧天皇	549–511 SM (37 tahun)	567–511 SM (56 tahun) Son of Kaisar Suizei. Presumed legendary.[6]
0040 4		Ōyamatohikosukitomo 大日本彦耜友	Kaisar Itoku 懿徳天皇	510–477 SM (33 tahun)	553–477 SM (76 tahun) Son of Kaisar Annei. Presumed legendary.[7]
0050 5		Mimatsuhikokaeshine 観松彦香殖稲	Kaisar Kōshō 孝昭天皇	475–393 SM (82 tahun)	506–393 SM (113 tahun) Son of Kaisar Itoku. Presumed legendary.[8]
0060 6		Yamatotarashihikokunioshihito 日本足彦国押人	Kaisar Kōan 孝安天皇	392–291 SM (101 tahun)	427–291 SM (136 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōshō. Presumed legendary.[9]
0070 7		Ōyamatonekohikofutoni 大日本根子彦太瓊	Kaisar Kōrei 孝霊天皇	290–215 SM (75 tahun)	342–215 SM (127 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōan. Presumed legendary.[10]
0080 8		Ōyamatonekohikokunikuru 大日本根子彦国牽	Kaisar Kōgen 孝元天皇	214–158 SM (56 tahun)	273–158 SM (115 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōrei. Presumed legendary.[11]
0090 9		Wakayamato Nekohiko Ōbibi 稚日本根子彦大日日	Kaisar Kaika 開化天皇	157–98 SM (59 tahun)	208–98 SM (110 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōgen. Presumed legendary.[12]
0100 10		Mimaki 御間城	Kaisar Sujin 崇神天皇	97–30 SM (67 tahun)	148–30 SM (118 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kaika. First Kaisar with a direct possibility of existence.[13] Still presumed legendary.[14]
0110 11		Ikume 活目	Kaisar Suinin 垂仁天皇	29 SM–M 70 (99 tahun)	69 SM–M 70 (127 tahun) Son of Kaisar Sujin. Presumed legendary.[15]
0120 12		Ōtarashihiko 大足彦	Kaisar Keikō 景行天皇	71–130 (59 tahun)	13 SM–M 130 (143 tahun) Son of Kaisar Suinin. Presumed legendary.[16]
0130 13		Wakatarashihiko 稚足彦	Kaisar Seimu 成務天皇	131–190 (59 tahun)	84–190 (106 tahun) Son of Kaisar Keikō. Presumed legendary.[17]
0140 14		Tarashinakatsuhiko 足仲彦	Kaisar Chūai 仲哀天皇	192–200 (8 tahun)	149–200 (51 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Keikō; nephew of Kaisar Seimu. First Kaisar to ascend the throne without being the son of the previous Kaisar. Died during a campaign against the Kumaso tribe. Presumed legendary.[18]
0145 –		Okinagatarashi 息長帯比売	Permaisuri Jingū 神功皇后	201–269 (68 tahun)	170–269 (99 tahun) Wife of Kaisar Chūai; mother and regent of Kaisar Ōjin. Not counted among the officially numbered emperors. Presumed legendary.[19]
0150 15		Homutawake 誉田別	Kaisar Ōjin 応神天皇	270–310 (40 tahun)	201–310 (109 tahun) Son of Kaisar Chūai and Maharani Jingū. Deified in Shinto and Buddhism in Japan as Hachiman. Presumed legendary.[20]
0160 16		Ohosazaki 大鷦鷯	Kaisar Nintoku 仁徳天皇	313–399 (86 tahun)	290–399 (108–109 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ōjin. Presumed legendary.[21]
0170 17		Ōenoizahowake 大兄去来穂別	Kaisar Richū 履中天皇	400–405 (5 tahun)	336–405 (69 tahun) Son of Kaisar Nintoku. Presumed legendary.[22]
0180 18		Mizuhawake 瑞歯別	Kaisar Hanzei 反正天皇	406–410 (5 tahun)	352–411 (59 tahun) Son of Kaisar Nintoku; younger brother of Kaisar Richū. Presumed legendary.[23]
0190 19		Oasatsuma Wakugo no Sukune 雄朝津間稚子宿禰	Kaisar Ingyō 允恭天皇	411–453 (42 tahun)	376–453 (77 tahun) Son of Kaisar Nintoku; younger brother of Kaisar Richū and Kaisar Hanzei. Presumed legendary.[24]
0200 20		Anaho 穴穂	Kaisar Ankō 安康天皇	453–456 (3 tahun)	401–456 (55 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ingyō. Assassinated by Prince Mayowa. Presumed legendary.[25]
0210 21		Ōhatuse no Wakatakeru 大泊瀬稚武	Kaisar Yūryaku 雄略天皇	456–479 (23 tahun)	418–479 (61 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ingyō; younger brother of Kaisar Ankō. Presumed legendary.[26]
0220 22		Shiraka 白髪	Kaisar Seinei 清寧天皇	480–484 (4 tahun)	444–484 (40 tahun) Son of Kaisar Yūryaku. Presumed legendary.[27]
0230 23		Woke 弘計	Kaisar Kenzō 顕宗天皇	485–487 (2 tahun)	450–487 (37 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Richū; cousin and adopted son of Kaisar Seinei. Presumed legendary.[28]
0240 24		Oke 億計	Kaisar Ninken 仁賢天皇	488–498 (10 tahun)	448–498 (50 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Richū; cousin and adopted son of Kaisar Seinei; older brother of Kaisar Kenzō. Presumed legendary.[29]
0250 25		Ohatsuse no Wakasazaki 小泊瀬稚鷦鷯	Kaisar Buretsu 武烈天皇	499–506 (7 tahun)	489–506 (17 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ninken. Presumed legendary.[30]
0260 26		Ohodo[lower-roman 2] 袁本杼	Kaisar Keitai 継体天皇	507–531 (24 tahun)	450–531 (81 tahun) 5th-generation grandson of Kaisar Ōjin. Became Kaisar at the recommendation of Ōtomo no Kanamura. Possible founder of a new dynasty. Presumed legendary.[31][32]
0270 27		Magari 勾	Kaisar Ankan 安閑天皇	534–535 (1 year)	466–535 (69 tahun) Son of Kaisar Keitai. Presumed legendary.[33]
0280 28		Hinokuma-no-takata 檜隈高田	Kaisar Senka 宣化天皇	536–539 (3 tahun)	467–539 (72 tahun) Son of Kaisar Keitai; younger brother of Kaisar Ankan. Presumed legendary.[34]
0290 29		Amekunioshiharakihironiwa 天国排開広庭	Kaisar Kinmei 欽明天皇	540–571 (31 tahun)	509–571 (62 tahun) Son of Kaisar Keitai; younger brother of Kaisar Ankan and Kaisar Senka. First historically verifiable Kaisar.[35][36]
0300 30		Nunakura no Futotamashiki 渟中倉太珠敷	Kaisar Bidatsu 敏達天皇	572–585 (13 tahun)	538–585 (47 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kinmei.[37]
0310 31		Tachibana no Toyohi 橘豊日	Kaisar Yōmei 用明天皇	586–587 (1 year)	517–587 (70 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kinmei; half-brother of Kaisar Bidatsu.[38]
0320 32		Hatsusebe 泊瀬部	Kaisar Sushun 崇峻天皇	588–592 (4 tahun)	522–592 (70 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kinmei; half-brother of Kaisar Bidatsu and Kaisar Yōmei. Made Kaisar by Soga no Umako following the Soga–Mononobe conflict. Assassinated by Yamatonoaya no Koma on the orders of Soga no Umako.[39]
0330 33		Nukatabe 額田部	Maharani Suiko 推古天皇	593–628 (35 tahun)	554–628 (74 tahun) Daughter of Kaisar Kinmei; half-sister and wife of Kaisar Bidatsu. First non-legendary female monarch. Prince Shōtoku acted as her regent.[40]
0340 34		Tamura 田村	Kaisar Jomei 舒明天皇	629–641 (12 tahun)	593–641 (48 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Bidatsu; great nephew of Maharani Suiko.[41]
0350 35		Takara 宝	Maharani Kōgyoku 皇極天皇	642–645 (3 tahun)	594–661 (67 tahun) Great-granddaughter of Kaisar Bidatsu; wife of Kaisar Jomei. First reign. Abdicated as a result of the Isshi incident.[42]
0360 36		Karu 軽	Kaisar Kōtoku 孝徳天皇	645–654 (9 tahun) Taika, Hakuchi	597–654 (57 tahun) Great-grandson of Kaisar Bidatsu; younger brother of Maharani Kōgyoku. First era name assigned.[43]
0370 37		Takara 宝	Maharani Saimei 斉明天皇	655–661 (6 tahun)	594–661 (67 tahun) Older sister of Kaisar Kōtoku. Previously reigned as Maharani Kōgyoku. Second reign.[44]
0380 38		Kazuraki 葛城	Kaisar Tenji 天智天皇	662–672 (10 tahun)	626–672 (46 tahun) Son of Kaisar Jomei and Maharani Kōgyoku.[45]
0390 39		Ōtomo[lower-roman 3] 大友	Kaisar Kōbun 弘文天皇	672 (8 months)	648–672 (24 tahun) Son of Kaisar Tenji. Deposed and committed suicide during the Jinshin War. Not recognized as Kaisar until 1870.[46]
0400 40		Ōama 大海人	Kaisar Tenmu 天武天皇	673–686 (14 tahun) Shuchō	622–686 (56 tahun) Son of Kaisar Jomei and Maharani Kōgyoku; younger brother of Kaisar Tenji. Deposed his nephew, Kaisar Kōbun, during the Jinshin War.[47]
0410 41		Unonosarara[lower-roman 4] 鸕野讚良	Maharani Jitō 持統天皇	687–697 (10 tahun)[lower-roman 5]	646–703 (57 tahun) Daughter of Kaisar Tenji; niece and wife of Kaisar Tenmu. Abdicated.[49]
0420 42		Karu[lower-roman 6] 珂瑠	Kaisar Monmu 文武天皇	697–707 (10 tahun) Taihō, Keiun	683–707 (24 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Tenmu and Maharani Jitō.[50]
0430 43		Ahe[lower-roman 7] 阿閇	Maharani Genmei 元明天皇	707–715 (8 tahun) Keiun, Wadō	660–721 (61 tahun) Daughter of Kaisar Tenji; half-sister of Maharani Jitō; mother of Kaisar Monmu. Abdicated.[51]
0440 44		Hidaka[lower-roman 8] 氷高	Maharani Genshō 元正天皇	715–724 (9 tahun) Reiki, Yōrō	681–748 (67 tahun) Daughter of Maharani Genmei; elder sister of Kaisar Monmu. Only instance of an Maharani regnant inheriting the throne from another Maharani regnant. Abdicated.[52]
0450 45		Obito 首	Kaisar Shōmu 聖武天皇	724–749 (25 tahun) Jinki, Tenpyō, Tenpyō-kanpō	699–756 (57 tahun) Son of Kaisar Monmu; nephew of Maharani Genshō. Abdicated.[53]
0460 46		Abe 阿倍	Maharani Kōken 孝謙天皇	749–758 (9 tahun) Tenpyō-kanpō, Tenpyō-shōhō, Tenpyō-hōji	718–770 (52 tahun) Daughter of Kaisar Shōmu. First reign. Abdicated.[54]
0470 47		Ōi 大炊	Kaisar Junnin 淳仁天皇	758–764 (6 tahun) Tenpyō-hōji	733–765 (32 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Tenmu; cousin of Maharani Kōken. Deposed. Posthumously named Kaisar in 1870.[55]
0480 48		Abe 阿倍	Maharani Shōtoku 称徳天皇	764–770 (6 tahun) Tenpyō-hōji, Tenpyō-jingo, Jingo-keiun	718–770 (52 tahun) Deposed her cousin, Kaisar Junnin. Previously reigned as Maharani Kōken. Second reign.[56]
0490 49		Shirakabe 白壁	Kaisar Kōnin 光仁天皇	770–781 (11 tahun) Hōki, Ten'ō	708–782 (73 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Tenji; brother-in-law of Permasuri Shōtoku. Abdicated.[57]
0500 50		Yamabe 山部	Kaisar Kanmu 桓武天皇	781–806 (25 tahun) Ten'ō, Enryaku	736–806 (70 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōnin.[58]
0510 51		Ate 安殿	Kaisar Heizei 平城天皇	806–809 (3 tahun) Daidō	773–824 (51 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kanmu. Abdicated.[59]
0520 52		Kamino 神野	Kaisar Saga 嵯峨天皇	809–823 (14 tahun) Daidō, Kōnin	785–842 (57 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kanmu; younger brother of Kaisar Heizei. Abdicated.[60]
0530 53		Ōtomo 大伴	Kaisar Junna 淳和天皇	823–833 (10 tahun) Kōnin, Tenchō	786–840 (54 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kanmu; younger brother of Kaisar Heizei and Kaisar Saga. Abdicated.[61]
0540 54		Masara 正良	Kaisar Ninmyō 仁明天皇	833–850 (17 tahun) Tenchō, Jōwa, Kashō	808–850 (41 tahun) Son of Kaisar Saga; nephew and adopted son of Kaisar Junna.[62]
0550 55		Michiyasu 道康	Kaisar Montoku 文徳天皇	850–858 (8 tahun) Kashō, Ninju, Saikō, Ten'an	827–858 (31 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ninmyō.[63]
0560 56		Korehito 惟仁	Kaisar Seiwa 清和天皇	858–876 (18 tahun) Ten'an, Jōgan	850–881 (30 tahun) Son of Empereor Montoku. Abdicated.[64]
0570 57		Sadaakira 貞明	Kaisar Yōzei 陽成天皇	876–884 (8 tahun) Jōgan, Gangyō	869–949 (80 tahun) Son of Kaisar Seiwa. Deposed by Fujiwara no Mototsune.[65]
0580 58		Tokiyasu 時康	Kaisar Kōkō 光孝天皇	884–887 (3 tahun) Gangyō, Ninna	830–887 (57 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ninmyō; great uncle of Kaisar Yōzei. Became Kaisar at the recommendation of Fujiwara no Mototsune.[66]
0590 59		Sadami 定省	Kaisar Uda 宇多天皇	887–897 (10 tahun) Ninna, Kanpyō	866–931 (65 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōkō. Abdicated.[67]
0600 60		Atsuhito[lower-roman 9] 敦仁	Kaisar Daigo 醍醐天皇	897–930 (33 tahun) Kanpyō, Shōtai, Engi, Enchō	884–930 (46 tahun) Son of Kaisar Uda. Abdicated.[68]
0610 61		Yutaakira[lower-roman 10] 寛明	Kaisar Suzaku 朱雀天皇	930–946 (16 tahun) Enchō, Jōhei, Tengyō	921–952 (30 tahun) Son of Kaisar Daigo. Abdicated.[69]
0620 62		Nariakira 成明	Kaisar Murakami 村上天皇	946–967 (21 tahun) Tengyō, Tenryaku, Tentoku, Ōwa, Kōhō	924–967 (42 tahun) Son of Kaisar Daigo; younger brother of Kaisar Suzaku.[70]
0630 63		Norihara 憲平	Kaisar Reizei 冷泉天皇	967–969 (2 tahun) Kōhō, Anna	949–1011 (62 tahun) Son of Kaisar Murakami. Abdicated.[71]
0640 64		Morihira 守平	Kaisar En'yū 円融天皇	969–984 (15 tahun) Anna, Tenroku, Ten'en, Jōgen, Tengen, Eikan	958–991 (32 tahun) Son of Kaisar Murakami; younger brother of Kaisar Reizei. Abdicated.[72]
0650 65		Morosada 師貞	Kaisar Kazan 花山天皇	984–986 (2 tahun) Eikan, Kanna	968–1008 (39 tahun) Son of Kaisar Reizei; nephew of Kaisar En'yū. Abdicated.[73]
0660 66		Kanehito 懐仁	Kaisar Ichijō 一条天皇	986–1011 (25 tahun) Kanna, Eien, Eiso, Shōryaku, Chōtoku, Chōhō, Kankō	980–1011 (31 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kaisar En'yū. Abdicated.[74]
0670 67		Okisada[lower-roman 11] 居貞	Kaisar Sanjō 三条天皇	1011–1016 (5 tahun) Kankō, Chōwa	975–1017 (42 tahun) Son of Kaisar Reizei; half-brother of Kaisar Kazan; cousin of Kaisar Ichijō. Abdicated.[75]
0680 68		Atsuhira[lower-roman 12] 敦成	Kaisar Go-Ichijō 後一条天皇	1016–1036 (20 tahun) Chōwa, Kannin, Jian, Manju, Chōgen	1008–1036 (27 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ichijō; cousin of Kaisar Sanjō.[76]
0690 69		Atsunaga 敦良	Kaisar Go-Suzaku 後朱雀天皇	1036–1045 (9 tahun) Chōgen, Chōryaku, Chōkyū, Kantoku	1009–1045 (37 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ichijō; younger brother of Kaisar Go-Ichijō. Abdicated.[77]
0700 70		Chikahito 親仁	Kaisar Go-Reizei 後冷泉天皇	1045–1068 (23 tahun) Kantoku, Eishō, Tengi, Kōhei, Jiryaku	1025–1068 (42 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Suzaku.[78]
0710 71		Takahito 尊仁	Kaisar Go-Sanjō 後三条天皇	1068–1073 (5 tahun) Jiryaku, Enkyū	1032–1073 (40 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Suzaku; half-brother of Kaisar Go-Reizei. Abdicated.[79]
0720 72		Sadahito 貞仁	Kaisar Shirakawa 白河天皇	1073–1087 (14 tahun) Enkyū, Jōhō, Jōryaku, Eihō, Ōtoku	1053–1129 (76 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Sanjō. Abdicated.[80]
0730 73		Taruhito[lower-roman 13] 善仁	Kaisar Horikawa 堀河天皇	1087–1107 (20 tahun) Kanji, Kahō, Eichō, Jōtoku, Kōwa, Chōji, Kajō	1079–1107 (28 tahun) Son of Kaisar Shirakawa.[81]
0740 74		Munehito 宗仁	Kaisar Toba 鳥羽天皇	1107–1123 (16 tahun) Kajō, Tennin, Ten'ei, Eikyū, Gen'ei, Hōan	1103–1156 (53 tahun) Son of Kaisar Horikawa. Forced to abdicate by Kaisar Shirakawa.[82]
0750 75		Akihito 顕仁	Kaisar Sutoku 崇徳天皇	1123–1142 (19 tahun) Hōan, Tenji, Daiji, Tenshō, Chōshō, Hōen, Eiji	1119–1164 (45 tahun) Son of Kaisar Toba. Abdicated. Attempted to depose Kaisar Go-Shirakawa during the Hōgen rebellion.[83]
0760 76		Narihito 体仁	Kaisar Konoe 近衛天皇	1142–1155 (13 tahun) Eiji, Kōji, Ten'yō, Kyūan, Ninpei, Kyūju	1139–1155 (16 tahun) Son of Kaisar Toba; half-brother of Kaisar Sutoku.[84]
0770 77		Masahito 雅仁	Kaisar Go-Shirakawa 後白河天皇	1155–1158 (3 tahun) Kyūju, Hōgen	1127–1192 (64 tahun) Son of Kaisar Toba; younger brother of Kaisar Sutoku; half-brother of Kaisar Konoe. Abdicated.[85]
0780 78		Morihito 守仁	Kaisar Nijō 二条天皇	1158–1165 (7 tahun) Hōgen, Heiji, Eiryaku, Ōhō, Chōkan	1143–1165 (22 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Shirakawa. Abdicated.[86]
0790 79		Nobuhito[lower-roman 14] 順仁	Kaisar Rokujō 六条天皇	1165–1168 (3 tahun) Chōkan, Eiman, Nin'an	1164–1176 (11 tahun) Son of Kaisar Nijō. Deposed by Kaisar Go-Shirakawa.[87]
0800 80		Norihito[lower-roman 15] 憲仁	Kaisar Takakura 高倉天皇	1168–1180 (12 tahun) Nin'an, Kaō, Jōan, Angen, Jishō	1161–1181 (19 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Shirakawa; half-brother of Kaisar Nijō; uncle of Kaisar Rokujō. Forced to abdicate by Taira no Kiyomori.[88]
0810 81		Tokohito[lower-roman 16] 言仁	Kaisar Antoku 安徳天皇	1180–1185 (5 tahun) Jishō, Yōwa, Juei, Genryaku	1178–1185 (6 tahun) Son of Kaisar Takakura. Died at the Battle of Dan-no-ura during the Genpei War.[89]
0820 82		Takahira[lower-roman 17] 尊成	Kaisar Go-Toba 後鳥羽天皇	1183–1198 (15 tahun) Juei, Genryaku, Bunji, Kenkyū	1180–1239 (58 tahun) Son of Kaisar Takakura; half-brother of Kaisar Antoku. Made Kaisar by Kaisar Go-Shirakawa during the Genpei War. Kamakura shogunate turned the Kaisar into a figurehead. Abdicated. Attempted to overthrow the Kamakura shogunate during the Jōkyū War.[90]
0830 83		Tamehito 為仁	Kaisar Tsuchimikado 土御門天皇	1198–1210 (12 tahun) Kenkyū, Shōji, Kennin, Genkyū, Ken'ei, Jōgen	1196–1231 (35 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Toba. Persuaded by Kaisar Go-Toba to abdicate. Exiled following the Jōkyū War.[91]
0840 84		Morinari 守成	Kaisar Juntoku 順徳天皇	1210–1221 (11 tahun) Jōgen, Kenryaku, Kempo, Jōkyū	1197–1242 (44 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Toba; half-brother of Kaisar Tsuchimikado. Forced to abdicate following the Jōkyū War.[92]
0850 85		Kanenari 懐成	Kaisar Chūkyō 仲恭天皇	1221 (2 months) Jōkyū	1218–1234 (15 tahun) Son of Kaisar Juntoku. Deposed and exiled following the Jōkyū War. Posthumously named Kaisar in 1870.[93]
0860 86		Yutahito[lower-roman 18] 茂仁	Kaisar Go-Horikawa 後堀河天皇	1221–1232 (11 tahun) Jōkyū, Jōō, Gennin, Karoku, Antei, Kangi, Jōei	1212–1234 (22 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Takakura; first cousin of Kaisar Chūkyō. Abdicated.[94]
0870 87		Mitsuhito[lower-roman 19] 秀仁	Kaisar Shijō 四条天皇	1232–1242 (10 tahun) Jōei, Tenpuku, Bunryaku, Katei, Ryakunin, En'ō, Ninji	1231–1242 (10 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Horikawa.[95]
0880 88		Kunihito 邦仁	Kaisar Go-Saga 後嵯峨天皇	1242–1246 (4 tahun) Ninji, Kangen	1220–1272 (51 tahun) Son of Kaisar Tsuchimikado; second cousin of Kaisar Shijō. Abdicated.[96]
0890 89		Hisahito 久仁	Kaisar Go-Fukakusa 後深草天皇	1246–1260 (14 tahun) Kangen, Hōji, Kenchō, Kōgen, Shōka, Shōgen	1243–1304 (61 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Saga. From the Jimyōin line. Abdicated at the insistence of Kaisar Go-Saga.[97]
0900 90		Tsunehito 恒仁	Kaisar Kameyama 亀山天皇	1260–1274 (14 tahun) Shōgen, Bun'ō, Kōchō, Bun'ei	1249–1305 (56 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Saga; younger brother of Kaisar Go-Fukakusa. From the Daikakuji line. Abdicated.[98]
0910 91		Yohito 世仁	Kaisar Go-Uda 後宇多天皇	1274–1287 (13 tahun) Bun'ei, Kenji, Kōan	1267–1324 (56 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kameyama. From the Daikakuji line. Forced to abdicate by Kaisar Go-Fukakusa.[99]
0920 92		Hirohito 熈仁	Kaisar Fushimi 伏見天皇	1287–1298 (11 tahun) Kōan, Shōō, Einin	1265–1317 (52 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Fukakusa. From the Jimyōin line. Abdicated.[100]
0930 93		Tanehito 胤仁	Kaisar Go-Fushimi 後伏見天皇	1298–1301 (3 tahun) Einin, Shōan	1288–1336 (48 tahun) Son of Kaisar Fushimi. From the Jimyōin line. Forced to abdicate by the Daikakuji line. Traditional dates used.[101]
0940 94		Kuniharu 邦治	Kaisar Go-Nijō 後二条天皇	1301–1308 (7 tahun) Shōan, Kengen, Kagen, Tokuji	1285–1308 (23 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Uda. From the Daikakuji line.[102]
0950 95		Tomihito 富仁	Kaisar Hanazono 花園天皇	1308–1318 (10 tahun) Enkyō, Ōchō, Shōwa, Bunpō	1297–1348 (51 tahun) Son of Kaisar Fushimi. From the Jimyōin line. Agreed to alternate control of the throne between the Daikakuji and Jimyōin lines.[103]
0960 96		Takaharu 尊治	Kaisar Go-Daigo 後醍醐天皇	1318–1339 (21 tahun) Bunpō, Gen'ō, Genkō (1321–24), Shōchū, Karyaku, Gentoku, Genkō (1331–34), Kenmu, Engen	1288–1339 (50 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Uda; younger brother of Kaisar Go-Nijō. From the Daikakuji line. Kamakura shogunate ended in the Genkō War. Brief imperial rule during the Kenmu Restoration. Opposed the Ashikaga shogunate. Became the first Kaisar of the Southern Court.[104]
0970 97		Noriyoshi[lower-roman 20] 義良	Kaisar Go-Murakami 後村上天皇	1339–1368 (29 tahun) Engen, Kōkoku, Shōhei	1328–1368 (40 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Daigo. Second Kaisar of the Southern Court. Southern Court briefly took the Northern Court's capital, Kyoto, during the Kannō disturbance.[105]
0980 98		Yutanari 寛成	Kaisar Chōkei 長慶天皇	1368–1383 (15 tahun) Shōhei, Kentoku, Bunchū, Tenju, Kōwa	1343–1394 (51 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Murakami. Third Kaisar of the Southern Court. Abdicated.[106]
0990 99		Hironari 熙成	Kaisar Go-Kameyama 後亀山天皇	1383–1392 (9 tahun) Kōwa, Genchū	ca 1347–1424 (ca 77 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Murakami; younger brother of Kaisar Chōkei. Fourth and last Kaisar of the Southern Court. Agreed to peace with the Northern Court. Abdicated in favor of the Northern Court line.[107]
(1)		Kazuhito 量仁	Kaisar Kōgon 光厳天皇	1331–1333 (2 tahun) Gentoku, Shōkyō	1313–1364 (51 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Fushimi; nephew and adopted son of Kaisar Hanazono. From the Jimyōin line. Made the first Kaisar of the Northern Court by the Kamakura shogunate during the Genkō War. Deposed by Kaisar Go-Daigo of the Daikakuji line. Captured by the Southern Court during the Kannō disturbance.[108]
(2)		Yutahito 豊仁	Kaisar Kōmyō 光明天皇	1336–1348 (12 tahun) Kenmu, Ryakuō, Kōei, Jōwa	1322–1380 (58 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Fushimi; younger brother of Kaisar Kōgon. Made second Kaisar of the Northern Court by the Ashikaga shogunate. Abdicated. Captured by the Southern Court during the Kannō disturbance.[109]
(3)		Okihito[lower-roman 21] 興仁	Kaisar Sukō 崇光天皇	1348–1351 (3 tahun) Jōwa, Kannō	1334–1398 (64 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōgon; nephew of Kaisar Kōmyō. Third Kaisar of the Northern Court. Abdicated. Captured by the Southern Court during the Kannō disturbance.[110]
(4)		Iyahito 彌仁	Kaisar Go-Kōgon 後光厳天皇	1352–1371 (19 tahun) Bunna, Kōan, Jōji, Ōan	1338–1374 (36 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōgon; younger brother of Kaisar Sukō. Became the fourth Kaisar of the Northern Court after the Kannō disturbance. Abdicated.[111]
(5)		Ohito 緒仁	Kaisar Go-En'yū 後円融天皇	1371–1382 (11 tahun) Ōan, Eiwa, Kōryaku, Eitoku	1359–1393 (34 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Kōgon. Fifth Kaisar of the Northern Court. Abdicated in favor of Kaisar Go-Komatsu.[112]
(6)		Motohito 幹仁	Kaisar Go-Komatsu[lower-roman 22] 後小松天皇	1382–1392 (10 tahun) Eitoku, Shitoku, Kakei, Kōō, Meitoku	1377–1433 (56 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-En'yū. Sixth and last Kaisar of the Northern Court from 1382 until 1392. Became the legitimate Kaisar following Kaisar Go-Kameyama's abdication. Agreed to alternate control of the throne by the Northern Court and the Southern Court. All emperors after him are from the Northern line.[113][114]
100				1392–1412 (20 tahun) Meitoku, Ōei
1010 101		Mihito[lower-roman 23] 実仁	Kaisar Shōkō 称光天皇	1412–1428 (16 tahun) Ōei, Shōchō	1401–1428 (27 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Komatsu.[115]
1020 102		Hikohito 彦仁	Kaisar Go-Hanazono 後花園天皇	1428–1464 (36 tahun) Shōchō, Eikyō, Kakitsu, Bun'an, Hōtoku, Kyōtoku, Kōshō, Chōroku, Kanshō	1419–1471 (51 tahun) Great-grandson of Northern Kaisar Sukō; third cousin of Kaisar Shōkō. Abdicated. Traditional dates used.[116]
1030 103		Fusahito 成仁	Kaisar Go-Tsuchimikado 後土御門天皇	1464–1500 (36 tahun) Kanshō, Bunshō, Ōnin, Bunmei, Chōkyō, Entoku, Meiō	1442–1500 (58 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Hanazono. Ōnin War led to the start of the Sengoku period.[117]
1040 104		Katsuhito 勝仁	Kaisar Go-Kashiwabara[lower-roman 24] 後柏原天皇	1500–1526 (26 tahun) Meiō, Bunki, Daiei	1462–1526 (64 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Tsuchimikado. Imperial rule in the Ashikaga shogunate reached its lowest point in his reign.[118]
1050 105		Tomohito 知仁	Kaisar Go-Nara[lower-roman 25] 後奈良天皇	1526–1557 (31 tahun) Daiei, Kyōroku, Tenbun, Kōji	1495–1557 (62 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Kashiwabara.[119]
1060 106		Michihito 方仁	Kaisar Ōgimachi 正親町天皇	1557–1586 (29 tahun) Kōji, Eiroku, Genki, Tenshō	1517–1593 (76 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Nara. Ashikaga shogunate overthrown by Oda Nobunaga. Abdicated.[120]
1070 107		Katahito[lower-roman 26] 周仁	Kaisar Go-Yōzei 後陽成天皇	1586–1611 (25 tahun) Tenshō, Bunroku, Keichō	1571–1617 (46 tahun) Grandson of Kaisar Ōgimachi. Tokugawa shogunate established. Sengoku period ended.[121]
1080 108		Kotohito[lower-roman 27] 政仁	Kaisar Go-Mizunoo[lower-roman 28] 後水尾天皇	1611–1629 (18 tahun) Keichō, Genna, Kan'ei	1596–1680 (84 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Yōzei. Japan implements isolationist policy. Purple Robe Incident led to his abdication.[122]
1090 109		Okiko 興子	Maharani Meishō 明正天皇	1629–1643 (14 tahun) Kan'ei	1624–1696 (72 tahun) Daughter of Kaisar Go-Mizunoo. Abdicated.[123]
1100 110		Tsuguhito 紹仁	Kaisar Go-Kōmyō 後光明天皇	1643–1654 (11 tahun) Kan'ei, Shōhō, Keian, Jōō	1633–1654 (21 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Mizunoo; younger brother of Maharani Meishō.[124]
1110 111		Nagahito[lower-roman 29] 良仁	Kaisar Go-Sai[lower-roman 30] 後西天皇	1655–1663 (8 tahun) Jōō, Meireki, Manji, Kanbun	1638–1685 (47 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Mizunoo; younger half-brother of Maharani Meishō and Kaisar Go-Kōmyō. Abdicated.[125]
1120 112		Satohito 識仁	Kaisar Reigen 霊元天皇	1663–1687 (24 tahun) Kanbun, Enpō, Tenna, Jōkyō	1654–1732 (78 tahun) Son of Kaisar Go-Sai. Abdicated.[126]
1130 113		Asahito[lower-roman 31] 朝仁	Kaisar Higashiyama 東山天皇	1687–1709 (22 tahun) Jōkyō, Genroku, Hōei	1675–1710 (34 tahun) Son of Kaisar Reigen. Abdicated.[127]
1140 114		Yasuhito[lower-roman 32] 慶仁	Kaisar Nakamikado 中御門天皇	1709–1735 (26 tahun) Hōei, Shōtoku, Kyōhō	1702–1737 (35 tahun) Son of Kaisar Higashiyama. Abdicated.[128]
1150 115		Teruhito 昭仁	Kaisar Sakuramachi 桜町天皇	1735–1747 (12 tahun) Kyōhō, Genbun, Kanpō, Enkyō	1720–1750 (30 tahun) Son of Kaisar Nakamikado. Abdicated.[129]
1160 116		Tōhito 遐仁	Kaisar Momozono 桃園天皇	1747–1762 (15 tahun) Enkyō, Kan'en, Hōreki	1741–1762 (20 tahun) Son of Kaisar Sakuramachi. Abdicated.[130]
1170 117		Toshiko 智子	Maharani Go-Sakuramachi 後桜町天皇	1762–1771 (9 tahun) Hōreki, Meiwa	1740–1813 (73 tahun) Daughter of Kaisar Sakuramachi; younger sister of Kaisar Momozono.[131]
1180 118		Hidehito 英仁	Kaisar Go-Momozono 後桃園天皇	1771–1779 (8 tahun) Meiwa, An'ei	1758–1779 (21 tahun) Son of Kaisar Momozono; nephew of Maharani Go-Sakuramachi.[132]
1190 119		Morohito 師仁	Kaisar Kōkaku 光格天皇	1780–1817 (37 tahun) An'ei, Tenmei, Kansei, Kyōwa, Bunka	1771–1840 (69 tahun) Great-grandson of Kaisar Higashiyama; cousin and adopted son of Kaisar Go-Momozono. Abdicated.[133]
1200 120		Ayahito 恵仁	Kaisar Ninkō 仁孝天皇	1817–1846 (29 tahun) Bunka, Bunsei, Tenpō, Kōka	1800–1846 (46 tahun) Son of Kaisar Kōkaku.[134]
1210 121		Osahito 統仁	Kaisar Kōmei 孝明天皇	1846–1867 (21 tahun) Kōka, Kaei, Ansei, Man'en, Bunkyū, Genji, Keiō	1831–1867 (35 tahun) Son of Kaisar Ninkō. Reigned during the Bakumatsu period during which Japan ended its isolationist policy and changed from Tokugawa rule to Imperial rule. Last instance of an Kaisar with multiple era names.[135]
1220 122		Mutsuhito 睦仁	Kaisar Meiji 明治天皇	3 February 1867 – 30 July 1912 (7004166130000000000♠45 tahun, 178 hari) Keiō, Meiji	3 November 1852 – 30 July 1912 (Aged 59) Son of Kaisar Kōmei. Ended the Tokugawa Shogunate with the Meiji Restoration (3 January 1868). First Kaisar of the Empire of Japan.[136][137]
1230 123		Yoshihito 嘉仁	Kaisar Taishō 大正天皇	30 July 1912 – 25 December 1926 (7003526100000000000♠14 tahun, 148 hari) Taishō	31 August 1879 – 25 December 1926 (Aged 47) Son of Kaisar Meiji. Taishō Democracy shifted political power from the genrō to the Imperial Diet and political parties. His eldest son, Crown Prince Hirohito, served as Sesshō (摂政; "Regent") from 1921 to 1926 because of Taishō's illness.[137][138]
1240 124		Hirohito 裕仁	Kaisar Shōwa 昭和天皇	25 December 1926 – 7 January 1989 (7004226590000000000♠62 tahun, 13 hari) Shōwa	29 April 1901 – 7 January 1989 (Aged 87) Son of Kaisar Taishō. Served as Sesshō from 1921 to 1926. Last Kaisar of the Empire of Japan. Reign saw World War II and post-war economic miracle. Longest reigning verifiable Kaisar in Japanese history.[137][139]
1250 125		Akihito 明仁	Kaisar Heisei 平成天皇	7 January 1989 – 30 April 2019 (7004110700000000000♠30 tahun, 113 hari) Heisei	born 23 December 1933 (Age Kesalahan ekspresi: Kata "december" tidak dikenal.) Son of Kaisar Shōwa. Abdicated and later referred to as Jōkō (上皇; "Kaisar Emeritus"). Longest living verifiable Kaisar.[140]
1260 126		Naruhito 徳仁	Kaisar Reiwa 令和天皇	1 May 2019 – present (7003189300000000000♠5 tahun, 66 hari) Reiwa	born 23 February 1960 (Age Kesalahan ekspresi: Kata "february" tidak dikenal.) Son of Kaisar Heisei. Referred to as Kinjō Tennō (今上天皇; "the Reigning Kaisar") or Tennō Heika (天皇陛下; "His Majesty the Kaisar").[141][142]

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60. Titsingh, hlm. 97–102; Brown, hlm. 280–282; Varley, hlm. 151–164; Nussbaum, hlm. 804.
61. Titsingh, hlm. 103–106; Brown, hlm. 282–283; Varley, hlm. 164; Nussbaum, hlm. 437.
62. Titsingh, hlm. 106–112; Brown, hlm. 283–284; Varley, hlm. 164–165; Nussbaum, hlm. 714.
63. Titsingh, hlm. 112–115; Brown, hlm. 285–286; Varley, hlm. 165; Nussbaum, hlm. 658.
64. Titsingh, hlm. 115–121; Brown, hlm. 286–288; Varley, hlm. 166–170; Nussbaum, hlm. 837.
65. Titsingh, hlm. 121–124; Brown, hlm. 288–289; Varley, hlm. 170–171; Nussbaum, hlm. 1064.
66. Titsingh, hlm. 124–125; Brown, hlm. 289; Varley, hlm. 171–175; Nussbaum, hlm. 549.
67. Titsingh, hlm. 125–129; Brown, hlm. 289–290; Varley, hlm. 175–179; Nussbaum, hlm. 1007.
68. Titsingh, hlm. 129–134; Brown, hlm. 290–293; Varley, hlm. 179–181; Nussbaum, hlm. 138.
69. Titsingh, hlm. 134–138; Brown, hlm. 294–295; Varley, hlm. 181–183.
70. Titsingh, hlm. 139–142; Brown, hlm. 295–298; Varley, hlm. 183–190; Nussbaum, hlm. 667.
71. Titsingh, hlm. 142–143; Brown, hlm. 289; Varley, hlm. 190–191; Nussbaum, hlm. 786.
72. Titsingh, hlm. 144–148; Brown, hlm. 299–300; Varley, hlm. 191–192; Nussbaum, hlm. 182.
73. Titsingh, hlm. 148–149; Brown, hlm. 300–302; Varley, hlm. 192; Nussbaum, hlm. 501.
74. Titsingh, hlm. 150–154; Brown, hlm. 302–307; Varley, hlm. 192–195; Nussbaum, hlm. 369.
75. Titsingh, hlm. 154–155; Brown, hlm. 307; Varley, hlm. 195; Nussbaum, hlm. 818.
76. Titsingh, hlm. 156–160; Brown, hlm. 307–310; Varley, hlm. 195–196; Nussbaum, hlm. 253.
77. Titsingh, hlm. 160–162; Brown, hlm. 310–311; Varley, hlm. 197; Nussbaum, hlm. 262.
78. Titsingh, hlm. 162–166; Brown, hlm. 311–314; Varley, hlm. 197–198; Nussbaum, hlm. 258.
79. Titsingh, hlm. 166–168; Brown, hlm. 314–315; Varley, hlm. 198–199; Nussbaum, hlm. 259.
80. Titsingh, hlm. 169–171; Brown, hlm. 315–317; Varley, hlm. 199–202; Nussbaum, hlm. 872.
81. Titsingh, hlm. 172–178; Brown, hlm. 317–320; Varley, hlm. 202; Nussbaum, hlm. 352.
82. Titsingh, hlm. 178–181; Brown, hlm. 320–322; Varley, hlm. 203–204; Nussbaum, hlm. 967.
83. Titsingh, hlm. 181–185; Brown, hlm. 322–324; Varley, hlm. 204–205; Nussbaum, hlm. 917.
84. Titsingh, hlm. 186–188; Brown, hlm. 324–326; Varley, hlm. 205; Nussbaum, hlm. 559.
85. Titsingh, hlm. 188–190; Brown, hlm. 326–327; Varley, hlm. 205–208; Nussbaum, hlm. 261.
86. Titsingh, hlm. 191–194; Brown, hlm. 327–329; Varley, hlm. 208–212; Nussbaum, hlm. 712.
87. Titsingh, hlm. 194–195; Brown, hlm. 329–330; Varley, hlm. 212; Nussbaum, hlm. 794.
88. Titsingh, hlm. 194–195; Brown, hlm. 329–330; Varley, hlm. 212; Nussbaum, hlm. 933.
89. Titsingh, hlm. 200–207; Brown, hlm. 333–334; Varley, hlm. 214–215; Nussbaum, hlm. 33.
90. Titsingh, hlm. 207–221; Brown, hlm. 334–339; Varley, hlm. 215–220; Nussbaum, hlm. 263.
91. Titsingh, hlm. 221–230; Brown, hlm. 339–341; Varley, hlm. 220; Nussbaum, hlm. 998.
92. Titsingh, hlm. 230–238; Brown, hlm. 341–343; Varley, hlm. 221–223.
93. Titsingh, hlm. 236–238; Brown, hlm. 343–344; Varley, hlm. 223–226; Nussbaum, hlm. 128.
94. Titsingh, hlm. 238–241; Brown, hlm. 344–349; Varley, hlm. 226–227; Nussbaum, hlm. 252.
95. Titsingh, hlm. 242–245; Varley, hlm. 227; Nussbaum, hlm. 856.
96. Titsingh, hlm. 245–247; Varley, hlm. 228–231; Nussbaum, hlm. 259.
97. Titsingh, hlm. 248–253; Varley, hlm. 231–232; Nussbaum, hlm. 252.
98. Titsingh, hlm. 232–233; Varley, hlm. 253–261; Nussbaum, hlm. 461.
99. Titsingh, hlm. 233–237; Varley, hlm. 262–269; Nussbaum, hlm. 265.
100. Titsingh, hlm. 237–238; Varley, hlm. 269–274; Nussbaum, hlm. 252.
101. Titsingh, hlm. 274–275; Varley, hlm. 238–239; Nussbaum, hlm. 252.
102. Titsingh, hlm. 275–278; Varley, hlm. 239; Nussbaum, hlm. 257.
103. Titsingh, hlm. 281–286, 278–281; Varley, hlm. 239–241; Nussbaum, hlm. 285.
104. Titsingh, hlm. 281–286, 290–294; Varley, hlm. 241–269; Nussbaum, hlm. 251.
105. Varley, hlm. 269–270; Nussbaum, hlm. 257.
106. Nussbaum, Chōkei Tennō, p. 120.
107. Nussbaum, "Go-Kameyama Tennō", pp. 253–255.
108. Titsingh, hlm. 286–289; Nussbaum, hlm. 344, 543.
109. Titsingh, hlm. 294–298; Nussbaum, hlm. 555.
110. Titsingh, hlm. 298–301; Nussbaum, hlm. 911.
111. Titsingh, hlm. 302–309; Nussbaum, hlm. 255.
112. Titsingh, hlm. 310–316; Nussbaum, hlm. 251.
113. Titsingh, hlm. 317–327.
114. Titsingh, hlm. 317–327; Nussbaum, hlm. 555.
115. Titsingh, hlm. 327–331; Nussbaum, hlm. 883.
116. Titsingh, hlm. 331–351; Nussbaum, hlm. 252.
117. Titsingh, hlm. 352–364; Nussbaum, hlm. 265.
118. Titsingh, hlm. 364–372.
119. Titsingh, hlm. 372–382; Nussbaum, hlm. 257.
120. Titsingh, hlm. 382–402; Nussbaum, hlm. 739.
121. Titsingh, hlm. 402–409; Nussbaum, hlm. 265.
122. Titsingh, hlm. 410–411; Nussbaum, hlm. 256.
123. Titsingh, hlm. 411–412; Nussbaum, hlm. 625.
124. Titsingh, hlm. 412–413; Nussbaum, hlm. 256.
125. Titsingh, hlm. 413.
126. Titsingh, hlm. 414–415; Nussbaum, hlm. 785.
127. Titsingh, hlm. 415–416; Nussbaum, hlm. 310.
128. Titsingh, hlm. 416–417; Nussbaum, hlm. 690.
129. Titsingh, hlm. 417–418; Nussbaum, hlm. 814.
130. Titsingh, hlm. 418–419; Nussbaum, hlm. 656.
131. Titsingh, hlm. 419.
132. Titsingh, hlm. 419–420; Nussbaum, hlm. 257.
133. Titsingh, hlm. 420–421; Nussbaum, hlm. 546.
134. Nussbaum, "Ninkō Tennō", p. 716.
135. Nussbaum, "Kōmei Tennō", p. 553.
136. Nussbaum, "Meiji Tennō", p. 624.
137. Shimamoto, Mayako; Ito, Koji; Sugita, Yoneyuki (2015). Historical Dictionary of Japanese Foreign Policy. Rowman & Littlefield. hlm. 70–73. ISBN 9781442250673.
138. Nussbaum, "Taishō Tennō", p. 929.
139. Nussbaum, "Hirohito", p. 318.
140. Nussbaum, "Akihito", p. 19.
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142. Nussbaum, "Naruhito", p. 699.

• Ackroyd, Joyce. (1982). Lessons from History: the 'Tokushi yoron'. Brisbane: University of Queensland Press. ISBN 9780702214851; OCLC 157026188
• Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Ōdai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
• Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-04940-5; OCLC 59145842

1. Tanggal awal bervariasi tergantung penulisnya. Ini dihitung dari lama pemerintahan yang diberikan oleh Nihon Shoki (Kojiki jika tidak ada informasi). Jimmu konon meninggal pada tahun ke-76 masa pemerintahannya, yakni ia memerintah selama 75 tahun. Usianya 127 tahun menurut perhitungan umur Asia Timur, yaitu 126 tahun menurut perhitungan Barat.^[3] Tahun pemerintahan dihitung menggunakan perhitungan inklusif hingga Maharani Jitō, pemerintahan terakhir yang dicakup oleh Nihon Shoki.
2. Also called as Hikofuto (彦太).
3. Also known as Iga (伊賀).
4. Also known as Unonosasara or Uno.
5. Her dates are usually given as 686–697. However, the Nihon Shoki states that she died on her 11th year, i.e. she ruled 10 tahun.^[48]
6. Name also written as 軽.
7. Name also written as 阿部.
8. Name also written as 日高.
9. Previously named Minamoto no Korezane (源維城).
10. Also known as Hiroakira.
11. Also known as Iyasada or Sukesada.
12. Also known as Atsunari.
13. Also known as Yoshihito.
14. Also known as Yoshihito or Toshihito.
15. Also known as Nobuhito.
16. Also known as Kotohito.
17. Also known as Takanari.
18. Also known as Motsihito.
19. Also known as Tosihito.
20. Also known as Norinaga.
21. Previously named Masuhito (益仁).
22. Also known as Kaisar Go-Kōkō.
23. Initially written as 躬仁.
24. Also known as Kaisar Go-Kanmu.
25. Also known as Kaisar Go-Heizei.
26. Also known as Kazuhito (和仁).
27. Also known as Masahito.
28. Also known as Kaisar Go-Minoo or Kaisar Go-Seiwa.
29. Also known as Yoshihito.
30. Also known as Kaisar Go-Saiin or Kaisar Go-Junna.
31. Also known as Tomohito.
32. Also known as Yoshihito.