Penunggu adalah seorang dewa atau roh yang menjaga, mengawasi atau melindungi tempat tertentu, wilayah geografi, bangsa, golongan usia, negara, budaya atau pekerjaan.
Salah satu jenis dewa penunggu adalah genius, dewa personal atau daimon seorang individu dari lahir sampai mati.
Daftar pustaka
- Ruth F. Benedict, « The Concept of the Guardian Spirit in North America », Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association, t. 29, Menasha, Visconsin, 1923
- Henry Corbin, L'homme et son ange, Ed. Fayard, 1983
- Mircea Eliade, Le chamanisme (1968), Payot, p. Missing parameter/s! (Template:P.)85 sq.
- Alfred B. Ellis, The Tshi-speaking Peoples of the Gold Coast of West Africa (1887), Anthropological Publications, Oosterhout, 1966, 343 p.
- Encyclopedia Britannica: "guardian-spirit"
- James G. Frazer, Totemism and Exogamy (1910, 4 t.), t. III, p. 370-456, Routledge/Curzon, 2000, 2800 p.
- Mercedes de la Garza, Le Chamanisme nahua et maya: Nagual, rêves, plantes-pouvoir, trad., Guy Trédaniel, 1990.
- Pierre Jovanovic, Enquête sur l’existence des anges gardiens (1995), trad., Le jardin des livres, version enrichie, 2004, 600 p.
- Lucien Lévy-Bruhl, L'âme primitive (1927), PUF.
- H.-Ch. Puech dir., Histoire des religions, Gallimard, « Pléiade », t. III, 1976, p. Missing parameter/s! (Template:P.)751-770 (Indiens d’Amérique), p. Missing parameter/s! (Template:P.)911-916 (peuples arctiques), p. Missing parameter/s! (Template:P.)1364.
- Pierre A. Riffard, Nouveau dictionnaire de l'ésotérisme, Payot, 2008.
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