Benteng Cổ Loa

Benteng Cổ Loa (bahasa Vietnam: Cổ Loa thành) merupakan pemukiman berbenteng penting dan situs arkeologi di distrik Đông Anh, Hanoi saat ini, kira-kira 17 kilometer di utara Hanoi, di dataran atas utara sungai Hong.^[1] Berbagai peninggalan kebudayaan Phùng Nguyên dari Zaman Perunggu dan Dongson telah ditemukan di Cổ Loa, meskipun kemudian didirikan sebagai ibu kota Kerajaan Âu Lạc selama abad ke-III SM (sekitar 257 SM).^[2] Tempat ini mungkin adalah pusat politik pertama dari peradaban Vietnam.^[3] Dinding konsentris pemukiman penyerupai cangkang siput; memiliki tanggul luar seluas 600 hektare.^[4]

Kuil Ngự Triều Di Quy di dalam benteng, dibangun abad ke-XVI

Nama "Cổ Loa" berasal dari Sino-Vietnam 古螺 (< Bahasa Tionghoa Pertengahan (ZS) kuo^X-luɑ > Bahasa Tionghoa Baku: Gǔ Luó), arti harfiah "Keong kuno". Menurut Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, benteng ini berbentuk seperti keong,^[5] mencerminkan struktur berlapis-lapis dengan kubu pertahanan dan parit konsentris.^[6]

Galeria

• 
  Mata bajak perunggu dan kepala kapak
• 
  Ubin atap keramik
• 
  Nekara Cổ Loa

Lihat pula

• Dinasti Triệu
• Nam Việt
• Triệu Đà
• Phiên Ngung
• Trọng Thuỷ
• An Dương Vương
• Âu Lạc
• Tây Vu Vương
• Kebudayaan Dongson
• Bách Việt

Referensi

1. Nam C. Kim 2015, hlm. 18.
2. Higham 1996, hlm. 122.
3. Miksic & Yian 2016, hlm. 111.
4. Miksic & Yian 2016, hlm. 156.
5. Ngô Sĩ Liên et al., Đại Việt Sử Ký Toàn Thư "An Dương Vương" quote: "王於是築城于越裳，廣千丈，盤旋如螺形故號螺城。" tr: "The King then built a citadel at Việt Thường, one-thousand-zhàng wide, whirling and swirling like the shape of a conch. Therefore, it was called Conch Citadel (Loa Thành)."
6. Kiernan, Ben (2017). Việt Nam: a history from earliest time to the present. Oxford University Press. p. 34

21.113408°N 105.873206°E / 21.113408; 105.873206

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