Harshen Nuosu
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nuosu ko Nosu Wanda kuma aka fi sani da Northern Yi, da Liangshan Yi, da Sichuan Yi, shine babban yaren mutanen Yi; Gwamnatin kasar Sin ta zabe shi a matsayin daidaitaccen yaren Yi (Sinanci: 彝语) kuma, saboda haka, ita ce kadai ake koyarwa a makarantu, ta baka da rubuce-rubuce. Mutane miliyan biyu ne suka yi magana kuma yana ƙaruwa (kamar yadda ake ƙidayar PRC); 60% masu yare ɗaya ne (ƙimar 1994).[1] Nuosu shine asalin sunan Nuosu don harshensu kuma ba a amfani da shi a cikin Sinanci na Mandarin, kodayake ana iya fassara shi a wasu lokuta da Nuòsūyǔ (Sauƙaƙan Sinanci: 诺苏语; Sinanci na gargajiya: 諾蘇語).[2]
Classic Yi shine tsarin rubutun kalmomi na syllabic na 8,000-10,000 glyphs. Ko da yake yana kama da haruffan Sinanci a cikin aiki, glyphs suna da 'yancin kai a cikin tsari, ba tare da ɗan ba da shawarar alaƙa kai tsaye ba.
A shekara ta 1958, gwamnatin kasar Sin ta gabatar da haruffa na Roman bisa ga rubutun Romanized na Gladstone Porteous na Sayingpan.[8] Daga baya aka maye gurbin wannan da rubutun Modern Yi.
Rubutun Yi na Zamani (ꆈꌠꁱꂷ nuosu bburma [nɔ̄sū bʙ̝̄mā] 'Nosu script') ƙayyadaddun ma'auni ne da aka samo daga rubutun al'ada a cikin 1974. An sanya shi rubutun aikin hukuma a cikin 1980. Akwai 756 bisa ga asali gph. Yaren Liangshan, da 63 don kalmomin da ake samu kawai a cikin lamunin Sinanci. Gwamnati na buƙatar amfani da rubutun don alamun a wasu wuraren da aka keɓe na jama'a.[3]
Nuosu harshe ne na nazari, ainihin tsarin kalma shine Maudu'i–abu-fi'ili. Ana iya raba ƙamus na Nuosu zuwa kalmomin abun ciki da kalmomin aiki. Daga cikin kalmomin abun ciki, sunaye a cikin Nuosu ba sa yin juzu'i don jinsi na nahawu, lamba, da shari'o'i, ana buƙatar masu rarrabawa lokacin da ake ƙidayar suna; fi'ili ba sa yin haɗin gwiwa ga mutane da lokutansa; yawanci ana sanya sifofi bayan an gyara kalmar tare da ɓangarorin tsari kuma ba sa yin juzu'i don kwatantawa. Kalmomin aiki, musamman na nahawu, suna da muhimmiyar rawa ta fuskar ginin jimla a cikin Nuosu. Nuosu ba shi da kalmomin labarin, amma ana amfani da haɗin gwiwa da kalmomin postposition.[4]
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