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Haɗe-haɗe
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A hybrid swarm, wani kalan hybrids wanda ya tsira fiye da farkon hybrid generation, tare da interbreedin kalan g tsakanin hybrid mutane da backcrossing tare da iyayensa iri. Irin wannan yawan jama'a suna da bambanci sosai, tare da halaye na kwayoyin halitta da na phenotypic na mutane da ke tsakanin nau'ikan iyaye biyu.[1] Hybrid swarms don haka ya rufe iyakar tsakanin iyayen. Cikakken ma'anar abin da za a iya rarraba yawan jama'a a matsayin matasan matasan sun bambanta, tare da wasu suna ƙayyade kawai cewa duk membobin yawan ya kamata su zama matasan matakai, yayin da wasu suka bambanta da ko duk membobin ya kamata su sami matakai iri ɗaya ko daban-daban na matasan.[2]
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Bayanai | |
Ƙaramin ɓangare na | yawan jama'a |
Has cause (en) ![]() |
introgression (en) ![]() ![]() |
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Hybrid swarms yana faruwa ne lokacin da hybrid yake mai ƙarfi kuma aƙalla kamar yadda iyayensa suke; kuma babu wani shingen ga tsinkaye tsakanin hybrid da iyaye. Swarms ba zai iya faruwa ba idan daya daga cikin wadannan sharuɗɗa ba: idan nau'in hybrid yana da ƙarancin rayuwa, yawan hybrid ba zai iya kula da kansa ba sai dai ta hanyar ci gaba da haɗuwa da nau'ikan iyaye, wanda ke haifar da yawan hybrid na ƙarancin bambanci. A gefe guda, idan hybrids suna da ƙarfi amma ba za su iya komawa baya tare da yawan iyaye ba, sakamakon shine jinsin hybrid, wanda, ban da gudummawar sabbin hybrids, ya samo asali ne ba tare da iyayen su ba. A kowane yanayi, yana yiwuwa ga yawan mahaukaci su mamaye yawan iyaye.[3] A wasu lokuta, wannan na iya faruwa a cikin 'yan tsararraki kawai.[3] Idan jinsunan jinsin suna da mafi girma, za su iya yin gasa da nau'in iyaye don albarkatu, wanda ke haifar da warewar gasa, yayin da idan jinsin iyaye suna da mafi girman yiwuwar, yaduwar kwayar halitta tsakanin al'ummomin biyu na iya haifar da raguwar bambancin kwayar halitta.[3]
Hybrid swarms suna samuwa a cikin yankuna masu haɗuwa, wani yanki inda nau'o'i biyu masu kama da juna suka shiga hulɗa kuma suka haɗu.[4][5] Wadannan suna tasowa ne sakamakon hulɗa ta biyu tsakanin nau'in iyaye.[4] Bayan dogon lokaci na warewar ƙasa, wanda dalilinsa na iya zama ko dai na halitta ko na mutum, sake dawowar nau'in iyaye a cikin wannan yanayi na iya haifar da haɗuwa, haɗuwa, kuma mai yiwuwa, tarin haɗuwa. [4] [6] Hybrid swarms na iya haifar da introgressive hybridization, ko introgression, wanda akwai kwararar kwayar halitta daga tafkin kwayar halitta zuwa tafkin kwaya, ko kuma akasin haka, yana faruwa saboda backcrossing tsakanin jama'a.[6] Lokacin da introgression ya faru, za a sami babban matakin bambancin a cikin alleles kusa da kusa da hybrid swarm.[7]