Alphabet national guinéen
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Pour les articles homonymes, voir Alphabet des langues nationales.
L’alphabet national guinéen est un alphabet latin codifié pour l’écriture des langues de la Guinée. Un alphabet est publié en 1976 par l’Académie des langues, définissant l’orthographe du maninka, du pular, du soso, du kpellee, du kisiei, du loghoma, du wamey, de l’oneyan, utilisant le tréma et l’accent grave au-dessus de certaines voyelles ou fait suivre certaines consonnes de la lettre h pour modifier la valeur phonétique de celle-ci[1]. Cet alphabet est ensuite remplacé en 1989 avec l’ordonnance 019/PRG/SGG/89 par un nouvel alphabet national, harmonisé avec l’alphabet africain de référence[2] à la suite d’un séminaire international tenu à Conakry du au [3].
Le pular est aussi écrit avec l’alphabet arabe (adjami) ou l’alphabet adlam et le maninka avec le n’ko[4].
Alphabet national
Résumé
Contexte
L’alphabet des langues guinéennes de 1989 compte 55 graphèmes dont 41 consonnes et 8 voyelles.
| a | b | ɓ | c | d | ɗ | ǝ | e | ɛ | f | g |
| gb | ɠ | gw | h | hn | hw | i | j | ɉ | k | kp |
| kw | l | m | n | nb | nc | nd | ng | ngw | nj | nk |
| nkw | np | nw | ɲ | ŋ | ŋw | o | ɔ | p | r | rh |
| s | ʃ | t | u | v | ʋ | w | x | y | ƴ | z |
Alphabet maninka
| a | b | c | d | e | ɛ | f | g | gb | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | ɲ | o | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | w | y |
| a | e | ɛ | i | o | ɔ | u |
| aa | ee | ɛɛ | ii | oo | ɔɔ | uu |
| an | en | ɛn | in | on | ɔn | un |
| b | c | d | f | g | gb | h | j | k | l | m | n | ɲ | p | r | s | t | w | y |
Alphabet soso
| a | b | d | e | ɛ | f | g | gb | h | i | k | l | m | n | nd | ng | ɲ | o | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | w | x | y |
| a | e | ɛ | i | o | ɔ | u |
| aa | ee | ɛɛ | ii | oo | ɔɔ | uu |
| an | en | ɛn | in | on | ɔn | un |
| b | d | f | g | gb | h | k | l | m | n | nd | ng | ɲ | p | r | s | t | w | x | y |
Alphabet pular
| a | b | ɓ | c | d | ɗ | e | f | g | ɠ | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | nb | nd | ng | nj | ɲ | ŋ | o | p | r | s | t | u | w | y | ƴ |
| a | e | i | o | u |
| aa | ee | ii | oo | uu |
| an | en | in | on | un |
| b | ɓ | c | d | ɗ | f | g | ɠ | h | j | k | l | m | n | nb | nd | ng | nj | ɲ | ŋ | p | r | s | t | w | y | ƴ |
Alphabet kpɛlɛ
| a | b | ɓ | d | ɗ | e | ɛ | ǝ | f | g | ɠ | gb | gw | h | hw | i | j | k | kp | kw | l | m | n | nw | ɲ | ŋ | o | ɔ | p | r | s | t | u | v | w | z |
| a | e | ɛ | ǝ | i | o | ɔ | u |
| aa | ee | ɛɛ | ii | oo | ɔɔ | uu |
| an | en | ɛn | ǝn | in | on | ɔn | un |
| b | ɓ | d | ɗ | f | g | ɠ | gb | gw | h | hw | j | k | kp | kw | l | m | n | nw | ɲ | ŋ | p | r | s | t | v | w | y | z |
Alphabet kisiei
| a | b | c | d | e | ɛ | f | gb | h | i | k | kp | l | m | n | nb | nd | ng | ɲ | ŋ | o | ɔ | p | s | t | u | v | w | y |
| a | e | ɛ | i | o | ɔ | u |
| aa | ee | ɛɛ | ii | oo | ɔɔ | uu |
| an | en | ɛn | in | on | ɔn | un |
| b | c | d | f | gb | h | k | kp | l | m | n | nb | nd | ng | ɲ | ŋ | p | s | t | v | w | y |
Alphabet loghoma
| a | b | ɓ | d | ɗ | e | ɛ | ǝ | f | g | ɠ | gb | gw | i | j | k | kp | kw | l | m | n | nw | ɲ | ŋ | o | ɔ | p | s | t | u | v | ʋ | w | y | z |
| a | e | ɛ | ǝ | i | o | ɔ | u |
| aa | ee | ɛɛ | ii | oo | ɔɔ | uu |
| an | en | ɛn | in | on | ɔn | un |
| b | ɓ | d | ɗ | f | g | ɠ | gb | gw | j | k | kp | kw | m | n | nw | ɲ | ŋ | p | s | t | v | ʋ | w | y | z |
Alphabet wamey
| a | b | ɓ | d | ɗ | e | ɛ | ǝ | f | g | gw | h | i | k | kw | l | m | n | nb | nd | ng | nj | nk | nkw | np | ɲ | ŋ | ŋw | o | ɔ | p | r | rh | s | t | u | w | x | y | ƴ |
| a | e | ɛ | ǝ | i | o | ɔ | u |
| aa | ee | ɛɛ | ǝǝ | ii | oo | ɔɔ | uu |
| an | en | ɛn | ǝn | in | on | ɔn | un |
| b | ɓ | c | d | ɗ | f | g | gw | h | hw | j | k | kw | l | m | n | nb | nd | nc | nj | nk | nkw | np | ɲ | ŋ | ŋw | p | r | rh | s | t | v | w | x | y | ƴ |
Alphabet oneyan
| a | b | ɓ | c | d | ɗ | ǝ | e | ɛ | f | g | gw | h | hw | i | j | ɉ | k | kw | l | m | n | nb | nd | ng | ngw | nj | ɲ | ŋ | ŋw | o | ɔ | p | r | s | ʃ | t | u | v | w | y | ƴ |
| a | ǝ | e | ɛ | i | o | ɔ | u |
| aa | ǝǝ | ii |
| an | en | ɛn | ǝn | in | on | ɔn | un |
| b | ɓ | c | d | ɗ | f | g | gw | h | hw | j | ɉ | k | kw | l | m | n | nb | nd | ng | ngw | nj | ɲ | ŋ | ŋw | p | r | s | ʃ | t | v | w | y | ƴ |
Alphabet national de 1976
Résumé
Contexte
L’alphabet national guinéen de 1976 compte 49 graphèmes dont 41 consonnes et 8 voyelles[9].
| a | b | bh | d | dh | dy | e |
| ë | è | f | g | gh | gb | gw |
| h | hn | hw | i | j | k | kh |
| nd | kp | kw | l | m | mb | n |
| ndy | ng | nh | nw | ny | o | ö |
| p | r | rh | s | sh | t | ty |
| u | v | vh | w | y | yh | z |
Alphabet maninka (1976)
| a | e | è | i | o | ö | u |
| an | en | èn | in | on | ön | un |
| b | d | f | h | k | l | m | n | p | r | s | t | w | y |
| dy | gb | ny | ty |
Alphabet pular (1976)
| a | e | i | o | u |
| an | en | in | on | un |
| b | d | f | g | h | k | l | m | n | p | r | s | t | w | y |
| bh | dh | dy | gh | mb | nd | ndy | ng | nh | ny | ty | yh |
Alphabet soso (1976)
| a | e | è | i | o | ö | u |
| an | en | èn | in | on | ön | un |
| b | d | f | g | h | k | l | m | n | p | r | s | t | w | y |
| gb | kh | nd | ng | ny |
Alphabet kpelee (1976)
| a | e | ë | è | i | o | ö | u |
| an | èn | in | ön | un |
| b | d | f | g | h | k | l | m | n | p | r | s | t | v | w | y | z |
| bh | dy | gb | gh | gw | hw | kp | kw | ny | nh | nw |
Alphabet kisiei (1976)
| a | e | è | i | o | ö | u |
| an | èn | in | on | ön | un | um |
| b | d | f | h | k | l | m | n | s | t | v | w | y |
| gb | kp | nd | ng | nh | ny | ty | vh |
Alphabet loghoma (1976)
| a | e | ë | è | i | o | ö | u |
| an | en | èn | in | on | ön | un |
| b | d | f | g | k | l | m | n | p | s | t | v | w | y | z |
| bh | dh | dy | gb | gh | gw | kp | kw | nh | nw | ny | vh |
Alphabet wamey (1976)
| a | e | ë | i | o | u |
| an | en | ën | in | on | un |
| b | d | f | l | k | g | h | m | n | p | r | s | t | v | w | y |
| bh | dh | dy | gw | hn | hw | kw | mb | mp | nd | ndy | nh | nk | nkw | nty | ny | rh | ty |
Alphabet oneyan (1976)
| a | e | ë | è | i | o | ö | u |
| an | en | èn | in | on | ön | un |
| b | d | g | h | j | k | l | m | n | p | r | s | t | w | y |
| bh | dh | dy | gw | hw | kw | nd | ng | nh | ny | sh | ty | yh |
Notes et références
Voir aussi
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