Utilisateur:Mr Patate/bac à sable/Autorité palestinienne
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L'Autorité palestinienne (AP; Arabe: السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية As-Sulta Al-Wataniyya Al-Filastiniyya Hebrew: הרשות הפלסטינית Harashut Hafalastinit) is an interim administrative organization that nominally governs parts of the West Bank and all of the Gaza Strip (which are part of the Palestinian Territories).
Fichier:Pna logo.jpg | |
Flag of Palestine | Coat of Arms |
Anthem: Biladi | |
West Bank | Gaza Strip |
Capitale (disputé]] | Jérusalem |
Langue Officiale(s) | Arabe |
Président | Mahmoud Abbas |
Premier ministre | Ahmad Qurei (acting) |
Superficie (projecté) - Total (WB and GS) - % water |
6,236 km² ~3.52% |
Population - projecté mi-(2006) - Densité |
|
Déclaration de l' Independence | Encore aucune |
IDH (2003) | 0.729 (102ème) – medium |
PIB (base PPP) - (2003 est.) |
Cisjordanie: $1,800,000,000 Gaza: $768,000,000 |
Monnaie | Dinar jordanien (JOD) (Cj seulement) Nouveau shekel (NIS), ISO 4217 (ILS) |
Fuseau horaire | UTC +2/Heure d'été +3 |
Hymne national | Biladi |
Domaine Internet | .ps |
Indicatif téléphonique | 970 |
The AP was established in 1994, pursuant to the Oslo accords between the Palistinian Liberation Organisation and the government of Israel, as a 5-year transitional body during which final status negotiations between the two parties were to take place. According to the Accords, the Autorité palestinienne was designated to have control over both security-related and civilian issues in Palestinian urban areas (referred to as "Area A"), and only civilian control over Palestinian rural areas ("Area B"). The remainder of the territories (including Israeli settlements, the Jordan Valley region, and bypass roads between Palestinian communities) were to remain under exclusive Israeli control ("Area C"). Hamas has accepted to declare the State of Palestine which will transform the AP into Palestinian authorities. Hamas will "smatch" (no commit to) the Oslo Accords.
The Autorité palestinienne enjoys some international recognition as the organization representing the Palestinian people (albeit a limited one). Under the name "Palestine", it has an observer status in the United Nations, and receives considerable financial assistance from the European Union as well as some from the United States (which both have threatened to cut now that Hamas won paralimentary elections in January 2006), and few other donor countries. The Gaza International Airport was built by the AP in the city of Rafah, but operated for only a brief period before being razed by Israel following the outbreak of Al-Aqsa Intifada in 2000. A sea port was also being constructed in Gaza but was never completed (see below).
The AP maintains an official uniformed armed service which various sources estimate to include anywhere from 40,000 to 80,000 recruits (1) employing some armored cars, and a limited number carry automatic weapons . Officially termed a "police force", it is accused by some of violating the Oslo Accords which limit the force to 30,000 recruits. Hamas, the new ruling party, announced that there will be a Palestinian army form of the military-wings of the Palestinian factions.
Many Palestinians are dependent on access to the Israeli job market. During the 1990s, Israel however began to replace Palestinians with foreign guest workers. They were found to be economical and also were useful as a means limiting dependence on Palestinians as a source of cheap labor due to what it called security concerns. This hurt the Palestinian economy, reducing the popularity of the AP.