Remove ads
فیلیپ گ. کرینبروک (به هلندی: Philip G. Kreyenbroek) (زادهٔ ۱۲ نوامبر ۱۹۴۸) ایران‌شناس اهل هلند و رئیس مرکز مطالعات ایرانی دانشگاه گوتینگن در آلمان است. وی دورهٔ کارشناسی را در سال ۱۹۶۶ تا ۱۹۷۰ میلادی در دانشگاه آمستردام در رشتهٔ زبان فارسی و عربی و کارشناسی ارشد را در رشتهٔ زبان فارسی و تاریخ مذاهب ایرانی در دورهٔ باستان و میانه به اتمام رساند. او در دانشگاه لندن با تحقیق بر سنن زرتشتی مدرک دکترایش را دریافت کرد.[۱]
فیلیپ کرینبروک | |
|---|---|
| زادهٔ | ۱۲ نوامبر ۱۹۴۸ (۷۶ سال) |
| ملیت | هلندی |
| محل تحصیل | دانشگاه گوتینگن |
| پیشه | رئیس مرکز ایران‌شناسی دانشگاه گوتینگن |
پژوهش‌های وی در زمینهٔ زبان‌های ایرانی همچون فارسی، کردی، بلوچی و پشتو و آیین‌های ایرانی همچون آیین زرتشت، آیین میترا، آیین اهل حق، آیین یزیدی و برخی دیگر از طریقت‌های مذهبی در مناطق کردنشین است.
Remove ads
- کرینبروک معتقد است که ارائهٔ نسخه‌ای از دین بر پایهٔ بمباران تبلیغاتی و پروپاگاندای شبانه‌روزی، بسیاری از ایرانیان را از اسلام دور کرده‌است. به گفتهٔ کرینبروک، برخی از ایرانیان نیاز معنوی خود را در این کشاکش با باور به آموزه‌های زرتشت و حتی بودیسم جستجو کرده‌اند و تعجبی ندارد که در این بین عده‌ای نیز ایمان به وجود خدا را از دست دهند و خود را آتئیست بنامند.[۲]
- کتاب‌ها
- (1985), Sraoša in the Zoroastrian Tradition, Brill, Leiden. Repr. Athravan Educational Trust, Bombay 1999.
- with S. Sperl (eds.) (1992), The Kurds: a Contemporary Overview, Routledge, London
- with F. M. Kotwal (1992), The Hêrbedestân and Nêrangestân, vol. I, the Hêrbedestân, Studia Iranica, Cahier 10, Paris
- with S. Sperl (eds.) (1994), Kürtler, Cep Kıtapları, Istanbul [= Turkish trsl. of Kreyenbroek and Sperl 1992]
- (1995), Yezidism: its Background, Observances and Textual Tradition, Edwin Mellen, Lewiston N.Y.
- with F. M. Kotwal (1995), The Hêrbedestân and Nêrangestân, vol. II: Nêrangestân, Fragard 1, Cahier 16 of Studia Iranica, Paris
- with C. Allison (eds.) (1996), Kurdish Culture and Identity, ZED, London and New Jersey
- with C. Allison (eds.) (1999), Cultura e Identità Curda, Asterios, Trieste [= Italian trsl. of Kreyenbroek and Allison 1996]
- (2001), Living Zoroastrianism: Urban Parsis Speak about their Religious Lives. In collaboration with S.N. Munshi. Curzon, Richmond.
- with F.M. Kotwal (2003), The Hêrbedestân and Nêrangestân, vol. III, Nêrangestân, Fragard 2, Cahier 30 of Studia Iranica, Paris.
- with Kh. J. Rashow (2005), God and Sheikh Adi are Perfect: Sacred Hymns and Religious Narratives of the Yezidis. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden [= Iranica 9],
- مقاله‌ها
- (1979), 'Zoroastrianism versus Islam in Iran', in: Het Islamitisch Midden Oosten, Utrecht [MOI Publicatie 3]
- (1984), 'Pahlavi Literatuur' and 'Pashto Literatuur', in: A. G. H. Bachrach et al (eds.), Encyclopedie van de Wereldliteratuur, Elsevier, Haarlem and Antwerp, pp. 119-22, 160
- (1987), 'The Zoroastrian Priesthood after the Fall of the Sasanian Empire' in: Ph. Gignoux (ed.), Transition Periods in Iranian History, (Actes du Symposium de Fribourg-en-Brisgau), Louvain, pp. 151-166
- (1987), 'The Dâdestân î Dênîg on Priests' Indo-Iranian Journal 30, pp. 185-208.
- (1988), 'Shi‘ite Puritanism: some Aspects of the Islamic Revolution in Iran' in: W. E. A. van Beek et al (eds.), The Quest for Purity, Mouton de Gruyter, Amsterdam, pp.181-99
- (1988), Translation into English of W. Geleynssen de Jongh, De Remonstrantie, pp 104-125, in: N K Firby, European Travellers and their Perceptions of Zoroastrians in the 17th and 18th Centuries, Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 183-193.
- (1988), 'Zahed' (a translation into Dutch of a Persian short story by Nasim Khaksar) in: G. J. van Gelder and E. de Moor (eds.), De Pen en het Zwaard: Literatuur en Politiek in het Midden Oosten , Dick Coutinho, Muiderberg, pp. 199-202.
- (1989)' Voorstellingen over Licht en Donker in het oude Iran' [Light and darkness in ancient Iran] in: R. E. V. Stuip and C. Vellekoop (eds.), Licht en Donker in de Middeleeuwen, HES Uitgevers, Utrecht. pp. 21-27.
- (1990), 'Catechisms (Zoroastrian)' in: E. Yarshater (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica. V.1. , Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, Calif. , p. 77.
- (1991), 'Kurdish Identity and the Language Question' in: T. Atabeki and M. Dorleijn (eds.), Kurdistan in Search of Ethnic Identity: Papers presented to the First Conference on Ethnicity and Ethnic Identity, Utrecht University, Utrecht, [Houtsma Foundation Publication No. 1], pp. 52-69.
- (1991), 'On the Shaping of Zoroastrian Theology: Ashi, Verethraghna and the Amesha Spentas' in: P. Bernard and F. Grenet (eds.), Histoire et Cultes de l'Asie Centrale, Editions du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, pp. 137-145.
- (1992) 'On the Kurdish Language' in: Kreyenbroek and Sperl 1992, pp. 68-83
- (1992), 'The Yezidis' in: R. L. Tapper (ed.), 'Some Minorities in the Middle East', Foreign and Commonwealth Office publication, London. [A fuller version of the paper was published in R. Tapper (ed.), Some Minorities in the Middle East, SOAS publication, 1992, pp. 67-68.]
- (1992) Arts. 'Ahuras', 'Airyanam Vaêjah', 'Amesha Spentas', 'Anâhita', 'Angra Mainyu', 'Âteshgâh', 'Bundahishn', 'Chinvat Bridge', 'Daêvas', 'Dakhma', 'Fire (Zoroastrian)', 'Frashokereti', 'Fravashi', 'Gâhâmbârs', 'Haoma', 'Indo-Europeans', 'Khvarenah', 'Mani', 'Mithraism', 'Naojote', 'Pahlavi', 'Parsi Religious Reforms', 'Saoshyant', 'Shah', 'Tripartite Ideology', 'Yazata', 'Yasna', 'Zarathustra', 'Zurvan' in: R. Goring (ed.), Chambers Dictionary of Beliefs and Religions, Chambers, Edinburgh and New York
- (1992), 'The Kurdish language: symbol and reality' in: M. T. O'Shea (ed.), Kurdistan: Political and Economic Potential, Occasional paper 2, Geopolitics and International Boundaries Research Centre, SOAS, London, pp. 27-35.
- (1992), Introduction to R. C. Zaehner†, 'Zoroastrian Survivals in Iranian Folklore, part 2' in: Iran XXX, pp.65-67.
- (1992), 'Mithra and Ahreman, Binyamin and Malak Tâw‚s: traces of an ancient myth in the cosmogonies of two modern sects' in: Ph. Gignoux (ed.), Recurrent Patterns in Iranian Religions; from Mazdaism to Sufism, Paris, pp.57-79 [= Studia Iranica, Cahier 11]
- (1993), 'Cosmogony and Cosmology in Zoroastrianism/Mazdaism' in: E. Yarshater (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica vol. VI.3, Costa Mesa, pp. 303-07
- (1993), 'On Spenta Mainyu's Role in the Zoroastrian Cosmogony' in: C. Altman Bromberg (ed.), Bulletin of the Asia Institute 7: Iranian Studies in Honor of A.D.H. Bivar, pp. 97-103 [appeared Oct. 1994]
- (1994) 'Avestan', in: R.E. Asher (ed.), Encyclopaedia of Language and Linguistics, Pergamon Press, Oxford, p. 260
- (1994), 'Kurdish', in: R.E. Asher (ed.), Encyclopaedia of Language and Linguistics, Oxford, pp. 1880-81.
- (1994), 'Pashto', in: R.E. Asher (ed.), Encyclopaedia of Language and Linguistics, Oxford, pp. 2959-60.
- (1994), 'On the Concept of Spiritual Authority in Zoroastrianism', Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam 17, pp. 1-15.
- (1994), 'Mithra and Ahreman in Iranian Cosmogonies' in: J.R. Hinnells (ed.), Studies in Mithraism, 'L'Erma' di Bretschneider, Rome, pp. 173-82.
- (1995), 'The Introduction to the Dâdestân î Dênîg', in: R. Gyselen (ed.), Au carrefour des grandes religions. Hommages à Philippe Gignoux, pp. 171-6 Paris [= Res Orientales VII]
- (1995),'Ahl-i Haqq', in: J.R. Hinnells (ed.), A New Dictionary of Religions, Penguin Books, Oxford and Cambridge (Mass.), pp. 13-4
- (1995), 'Yezidism', in: J.R. Hinnells (ed.), A New Dictionary of Religions, Penguin Books, Oxford and Cambridge (Mass.), pp. 565-6
- (1996), ‘Religion and religions in Kurdistan’, in: Kreyenbroek and Allison 1996, pp. 84-110
- (1996), ‘The Zoroastrian Tradition from an Oralist’s Point of View’, in: H.J.M. Desai and H.N. Modi (eds.), K.R. Cama Oriental Institute, Second International Congress Proceedings, Bombay, pp. 221-37.
- (1996), ‘The Lawîj of Môr Basîliôs Shim‘ûn: a Kurdish Christian Text in Syriac script’, Journal of Kurdish Studies 1(1995), pp. 29-53. Appeared Sept. 1996.
- (1997), ‘Morals and Society in Zoroastrian Philosophy’ in: I. Mahalingam and B. Carr (eds.), Companion Encyclopedia of Asian Philosophy, Routledge, London, pp. 46-63.
- (1998), ‘On the Study of Some Heterodox Sects in Kurdistan’ in: M. van Bruinessen with J. Blau (eds.), ‘Islam des Kurdes’, Les Annales de l’Autre Islam 5, Paris, pp.163-84.
- (1999), 'Exegesis (Zoroastrian)', in: E. Yarshater (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica vol. IX..2, New York, pp.113-6
- (1999), 'Festivals: iv. Yazidis and Ahl-e Haqq', in: E. Yarshater (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica vol. IX.5, New York, pp. 553-4
- (2000), 'Folk Poetry in Iranian Languages', in: E. Yarshater (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica vol. X.1, New York, pp. 66-71
- (2000) 'The Role of the Shahname in the Culture of the Indian Parsi Community', for the Proceedings of the Second International Conference on “Ferdowsi in the Realms of Culture and History” (Tehran, 22-2۸ اوت ۲۰۰۰). https://web.archive.org/web/20101230094543/http://ilexfoundation.org/confer/ferdowsi2.html
- (2001), 'Avestan', in: J.F.A. Sawyer and J.M.Y. Simpson (eds.), Concise Encyclopaedia of language and Religion, Oxford
- (2001), 'Kurdish', in: J.F.A. Sawyer and J.M.Y. Simpson (eds.), Concise Encyclopaedia of Language and Religion. Oxford
- (2001), 'Yazîdî', in: P.J. Pearson et al. (eds.), Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, vol. 11, fasc. 183-4, pp. 313-6
- (2002), 'Millennialism and eschatology in the Zoroastrian Tradition', in: A. Amanat and M.T. Bernhardsson (eds.), Imagining the End: Visions of Apocalypse from the Ancient Middle East to Modern America. London, I.B. Tauris, pp. 33-55
- (2002) ‘Modern Sects with Ancient Roots: the Yezidis and Ahl-e Haqq of Kurdistan’, in: Pheroza Godrej and Feroza Punthakey Mistree (eds.), A Zoroastrian Tapestry: Art, Religion & Culture. Ahmedabad, Mapin, pp. 260-77.
- (2003) ‘Ritual and Rituals in the Nêrangestân’, in: M. Stausberg (ed.), Zoroastrian Rituals in Context: Studies in the History of Religions. Leiden, Brill, pp. 317-32.
- (2004), ‘Die Tradition der yeziden in westlicher und in yezidischer Sicht’, in: E. Franz (ed.), Yeziden:Eine alte Religionsgemeinschaft zwischen Tradition und Moderne [= Mitteilungen des Deutschen Orient-Instituts Hamburg, Band 71/2004], Hamburg, pp.23-33.
- (2004/1383), ‘Se Nehle-ye Yazidi, Ahl-e Haqq va ‘Alavi-ye Kordestân’ Ma‘âref 3, pp. 54-75 [= Persian trsl. of Kreyenbroek 1998]
- (2004) - (with Antje Wendtland) 'Religionen, nicht-islamische', in Steinbach und Von Gumppenberg (eds.), Zentralasien: Geschichte, Politik, Wirtschaft. Munich. pp. 233-37.
- (2005) ‘Religious Minorities in the Middle East and Transformation of Rituals in the Context of Migration’, in Langer, Motika and Ursinus (eds.), Migration und Ritual Transfer: religiöse Praxis der Aleviten, Jesiden und Nusairier zwischen Vorderem Orient und Westeuropa, Frankfurt a.M. , Peter Lang, pp. 35-50.
- (2006) (with Luqman Turgut) ‘Kurdish Folkore’ for W.M. Clemen (ed.), The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Folklore and Folklife (4 Vols), Westport, Greenwood, Vol 2, pp. 383-392.
- (2006) ‘Theological Questions in an Oral Tradition: the Case of Zoroastrianism’, in R.G. Kratz and H. Spieckermann (ed.), Götterbilder, Gottesbilder, Weltbilder Band I: Ägypten, Mesopotamien, Persian, Kleinasien, Syrien, Palästina. Tübingen. pp.199-222.
- (2006) 'Yezidism and its Sacred Literature: Eastern and Western Perceptions', in D. Weber (ed.), Languages of Iran: Past and Present. Iranian Studies in Memoriam David Neil McKenzie. Wiesbaden. pp. 69-80.
- (2006) 'Religions in Iran (1.1) an Overview', Encyclopaedia Iranica XIII.4, pp. 432-9
Remove ads
Wikiwand in your browser!
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.
Remove ads