El siguiente artículo describe las características de la demografía de Macedonia del Norte.
Población
En el año 2007, Macedonia del Norte tenía una población de 2.055.400 habitantes. La esperanza de vida es de 74.2 años. El 96.1% de la población esta alfabetizada. El promedio de hijos por mujer es de tan solo 1.57.
Idioma
La lengua materna de los 1,4 millones de habitantes del estado es el macedonio, un idioma eslavo del sur. El albanés es hablado por cerca de 500.000 personas y el turco por 80.000. Actualmente,[¿cuándo?] el gobierno macedonio está votando si el albanés debiera convertirse en el segundo idioma oficial.[cita requerida] Se estima que hay 120.000 hablantes de romaní.
Religión
Según una encuesta del 2011 desarrollada por Ipsos MORI, la distribución de la población según la religión corresponde a :70.7% cristiano (69.6% Iglesia ortodoxa y 0.4% Católicos y Protestantes), 28.6% Musulmantes, un 0.5% de no afiliados a ningún tipo de religión y 0.2% a otras religiones[1]
Estadísticas vitales
Fuente: Oficina estatal de estadísticas de la República de Macedonia del Norte[4]
Población | Nacidos vivos | Muertes | Cambio natural | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Cambio natural (por 1000) | Tasa de fertilidad total | Female fertile population (15–49 years) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 1,229,000 | 49,560 | 18,023 | 31,537 | 40.3 | 14.7 | 25.7 | 5.70 | 294,932 |
1951 | 1,262,000 | 45,329 | 20,747 | 24,582 | 35.9 | 16.4 | 19.5 | 5.14 | 301,090 |
1952 | 1,280,000 | 51,054 | 17,978 | 33,076 | 39.9 | 14.0 | 25.8 | 5.64 | 307,247 |
1953 | 1,310,000 | 49,665 | 19,312 | 30,353 | 37.9 | 14.7 | 23.2 | 5.26 | 313,405 |
1954 | 1,338,000 | 50,984 | 16,722 | 34,262 | 38.1 | 12.5 | 25.6 | 5.27 | 317,457 |
1955 | 1,355,000 | 49,093 | 17,919 | 31,174 | 36.2 | 13.2 | 23.0 | 4.95 | 321,510 |
1956 | 1,357,000 | 47,486 | 15,386 | 32,100 | 35.0 | 11.3 | 23.7 | 4.63 | 325,560 |
1957 | 1,364,000 | 46,107 | 17,341 | 28,766 | 33.8 | 12.7 | 21.1 | 4.21 | 341,923 |
1958 | 1,375,000 | 44,619 | 13,917 | 30,702 | 32.5 | 10.1 | 22.3 | 4.27 | 324,023 |
1959 | 1,382,000 | 44,638 | 14,998 | 29,640 | 32.3 | 10.9 | 21.4 | 4.21 | 326,696 |
1960 | 1,391,927 | 44,059 | 14,007 | 30,052 | 31.7 | 10.1 | 21.6 | 4.11 | 330,667 |
1961 | 1,408,302 | 42,182 | 13,141 | 29,041 | 30.0 | 9.3 | 20.6 | 3.87 | 334,636 |
1962 | 1,427,771 | 40,615 | 16,155 | 24,460 | 28.4 | 11.3 | 17.1 | 3.68 | 339,207 |
1963 | 1,449,932 | 41,284 | 13,229 | 28,055 | 28.5 | 9.1 | 19.3 | 3.70 | 346,814 |
1964 | 1,473,996 | 42,897 | 13,286 | 29,611 | 29.1 | 9.0 | 20.1 | 3.79 | 355,915 |
1965 | 1,499,729 | 42,433 | 12,758 | 29,675 | 28.3 | 8.5 | 19.8 | 3.67 | 364,762 |
1966 | 1,525,841 | 41,434 | 12,307 | 29,127 | 27.2 | 8.1 | 19.1 | 3.55 | 374,067 |
1967 | 1,550,453 | 40,763 | 12,523 | 28,240 | 26.3 | 8.1 | 18.2 | 3.44 | 385,649 |
1968 | 1,575,714 | 40,123 | 12,461 | 27,662 | 25.5 | 7.9 | 17.6 | 3.35 | 385,966 |
1969 | 1,602,993 | 40,342 | 13,111 | 27,231 | 25.2 | 8.2 | 17.0 | 3.24 | 407,438 |
1970 | 1,629,061 | 37,862 | 12,430 | 25,432 | 23.2 | 7.6 | 15.6 | 2.98 | 414,465 |
1971 | 1,654,076 | 37,904 | 12,447 | 25,457 | 22.9 | 7.5 | 15.4 | 2.93 | 421,227 |
1972 | 1,679,456 | 38,187 | 13,096 | 25,091 | 22.7 | 7.8 | 14.9 | 2.85 | 433,883 |
1973 | 1,704,602 | 37,478 | 12,217 | 25,261 | 22.0 | 7.2 | 14.8 | 2.72 | 441,859 |
1974 | 1,729,935 | 38,382 | 12,143 | 26,239 | 22.2 | 7.0 | 15.2 | 2.70 | 449,167 |
1975 | 1,756,335 | 39,579 | 12,629 | 26,950 | 22.5 | 7.2 | 15.3 | 2.70 | 459,158 |
1976 | 1,783,518 | 39,809 | 12,377 | 27,432 | 22.3 | 6.9 | 15.4 | 2.68 | 460,429 |
1977 | 1,810,148 | 38,932 | 12,899 | 26,033 | 21.5 | 7.1 | 14.4 | 2.54 | 471,192 |
1978 | 1,836,270 | 38,790 | 12,577 | 26,213 | 21.1 | 6.8 | 14.3 | 2.49 | 477,743 |
1979 | 1,863,728 | 39,407 | 12,653 | 26,754 | 21.1 | 6.8 | 14.4 | 2.49 | 485,716 |
1980 | 1,891,319 | 39,784 | 13,542 | 26,242 | 21.0 | 7.2 | 13.9 | 2.46 | 493,690 |
1981 | 1,916,713 | 39,488 | 13,383 | 26,105 | 20.6 | 7.0 | 13.6 | 2.48 | 491,236 |
1982 | 1,941,914 | 39,789 | 13,510 | 26,279 | 20.5 | 7.0 | 13.5 | 2.45 | 494,341 |
1983 | 1,967,556 | 39,210 | 14,391 | 24,819 | 19.9 | 7.3 | 12.6 | 2.40 | 506,960 |
1984 | 1,992,424 | 38,861 | 14,066 | 24,795 | 19.5 | 7.1 | 12.4 | 2.35 | 510,613 |
1985 | 2,016,942 | 38,722 | 14,408 | 24,314 | 19.2 | 7.1 | 12.1 | 2.32 | 516,227 |
1986 | 2,041,064 | 38,234 | 14,438 | 23,796 | 18.7 | 7.1 | 11.7 | 2.27 | 521,106 |
1987 | 2,065,005 | 38,572 | 14,644 | 23,928 | 18.7 | 7.1 | 11.6 | 2.27 | 529,021 |
1988 | 2,088,651 | 37,879 | 14,565 | 23,314 | 18.1 | 7.0 | 11.2 | 2.22 | 530,321 |
1989 | 2,070,912 | 35,927 | 14,592 | 21,335 | 17.3 | 7.0 | 10.3 | 2.09 | 538,168 |
1990 | 2,053,172 | 35,401 | 14,643 | 20,758 | 17.2 | 7.1 | 10.1 | 2.06 | 547,749 |
1991 | 2,035,433 | 34,830 | 14,789 | 20,041 | 17.1 | 7.3 | 9.8 | 2.30 | 512,254 |
1992 | 2,017,694 | 33,238 | 16,022 | 17,216 | 16.5 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 2.20 | 507,710 |
1993 | 1,999,955 | 32,374 | 15,591 | 16,783 | 16.2 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 2.15 | 503,163 |
1994[5] | 1,982,215 | 31,421 | 15,771 | 15,650 | 15.9 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 2.14 | 498,620 |
1995 | 1,964,476 | 29,886 | 16,338 | 13,548 | 15.2 | 8.3 | 6.9 | 2.07 | 505,335 |
1996 | 1,981,543 | 28,946 | 16,063 | 12,883 | 14.6 | 8.1 | 6.5 | 1.94 | 511,960 |
1997 | 1,996,869 | 26,830 | 16,596 | 10,234 | 13.4 | 8.3 | 5.1 | 1.73 | 517,392 |
1998 | 2,007,523 | 26,639 | 16,870 | 9,769 | 13.3 | 8.4 | 4.9 | 1.72 | 520,862 |
1999 | 2,017,142 | 24,963 | 16,789 | 8,174 | 12.4 | 8.3 | 4.1 | 1.63 | 523,687 |
2000 | 2,026,350 | 26,168 | 17,253 | 8,915 | 12.9 | 8.5 | 4.4 | 1.74 | 526,563 |
2001 | 2,034,882 | 24,183 | 16,919 | 7,264 | 11.9 | 8.3 | 3.6 | 1.54 | 529,374 |
2002 | 2,020,157 | 24,154 | 17,962 | 6,192 | 12.0 | 8.9 | 3.1 | 1.57 | 526,937 |
2003 | 2,026,773 | 23,596 | 18,006 | 5,590 | 13.3 | 8.9 | 4.4 | 1.50 | 524,156 |
2004 | 2,032,544 | 23,361 | 17,944 | 5,417 | 11.5 | 8.8 | 2.7 | 1.52 | 525,682 |
2005 | 2,036,855 | 22,482 | 18,406 | 4,076 | 11.0 | 9.0 | 2.0 | 1.46 | 526,456 |
2006 | 2,040,228 | 22,585 | 18,630 | 3,955 | 11.1 | 9.1 | 1.9 | 1.46 | 527,410 |
2007 | 2,043,559 | 22,688 | 19,594 | 3,094 | 11.1 | 9.6 | 1.5 | 1.46 | 528,413 |
2008 | 2,046,898 | 22,945 | 18,982 | 3,963 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 1.9 | 1.47 | 528,842 |
2009 | 2,050,671 | 23,684 | 19,060 | 4,624 | 11.5 | 9.3 | 2.3 | 1.52 | 528,674 |
2010 | 2,055,004 | 24,296 | 19,113 | 5,183 | 11.8 | 9.3 | 2.5 | 1.56 | 527,743 |
2011 | 2,058,539 | 22,770 | 19,465 | 3,305 | 11.1 | 9.5 | 1.6 | 1.46 | 526,437 |
2012 | 2,061,044 | 23,568 | 20,134 | 3,434 | 11.4 | 9.8 | 1.7 | 1.51 | 525,092 |
2013 | 2,064,032 | 23,138 | 19,208 | 3,930 | 11.2 | 9.3 | 1.9 | 1.49 | 523,099 |
2014 | 2,067,471 | 23,596 | 19,718 | 3,878 | 11.4 | 9.5 | 1.9 | 1.53 | 520,072 |
2015 | 2,070,226 | 23,075 | 20,461 | 2,614 | 11.1 | 9.9 | 1.3 | 1.50 | 516,830 |
2016 | 2,072,490 | 23,002 | 20,421 | 2,581 | 11.1 | 9.9 | 1.2 | 1.51 | 513,990 |
2017 | 2,074,502 | 21,754 | 20,318 | 1,436 | 10.5 | 9.8 | 0.7 | 1.44 | 510,786 |
2018[6] | 2,076,217 | 21,333 | 19,727 | 1,606 | 10.3 | 9.5 | 0.8 | 1.43 | 507,275 |
2019[7][8] | 2,076,694 | 19,845 | 20,446 | -601 | 9.6 | 9.8 | -0.3 | 1.34 | 503,623 |
2020[9][10] | 19,031 | 25,755 | -6,724 | ||||||
Average population | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Total fertility rate | Female fertile population (15–49 years) | |
Total 1950-2019 | 2,461,593 | 1,113,567 | 1,348,026 | 1360.1 | 615.3 | 744.8 | |||
Average 1950-2019 | 1,809,849 | 35,166 | 15,908 | 19,258 | 19.4 | 8.8 | 10.6 | 2.50 | 457,738 |
Gitanos
La Década para la inclusión gitana es una iniciativa para mejorar las condiciones socioeconómicas y la inclusión social de las minorías de gitanos en los siete países participantes son Bulgaria, Croacia, la República Checa, Eslovaquia, Hungría, Macedonia del Norte, Rumania, Serbia y Montenegro. Todos esos países tienen una minoría significativa de gitanos, la cual generalmente se encuentra en desventaja social y económica. La iniciativa fue lanzada en 2005 y representa un esfuerzo multinacional que deberá durar hasta 2015.[11]
La composición étnica actual es la siguiente:[12]
- Europeos: 93.0% (Macedonios eslavos 64,2% + albaneses 28,8%)
- Asiáticos: 3,9% (mayoría de Turcos)
- Gitanos: 2,7%
- Otros: 0,4%
Emigración
El pueblo eslavo de macedonia ha emigrado a otros sitios del mundo, principalmente el continente americano. Una comunidad importante se encuentra en Estados Unidos, y fomenta el uso de los símbolos nacionales del sol de vergina, como identificación nacional. En el Río de la Plata,[13] principalmente en las capitales de Buenos Aires y Montevideo, hay imperceptibles comunidades de macedonios griegos y eslavos.
Referencias
Wikiwand in your browser!
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.