Lisinopril
Medication used to treat hypertension and heart failure / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Lisinopril is a medication belonging to the drug class of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure), heart failure, and heart attacks.[7] For high blood pressure it is usually a first-line treatment. It is also used to prevent kidney problems in people with diabetes mellitus.[7] Lisinopril is taken orally (swallowed by mouth).[7] Full effect may take up to four weeks to occur.[7]
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Pronunciation | /laɪˈsɪnəprɪl/, ly-SIN-ə-pril |
Trade names | Prinivil,[1] Zestril,[2] Qbrelis,[3] Dapril,[4] others[5] |
Other names | (2S)-1-[(2S)-6-amino-2-{[(1S)-1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]amino}hexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a692051 |
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Routes of administration | Oral |
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Bioavailability | approx. 25%, but wide range between individuals (6 to 60%) |
Protein binding | 0 |
Metabolism | None |
Elimination half-life | 12 hours |
Excretion | Eliminated unchanged in urine |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.071.332 |
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Formula | C21H31N3O5 |
Molar mass | 405.495 g·mol−1 |
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Common side effects include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, cough, nausea, and rash.[7] Serious side effects may include low blood pressure, liver problems, hyperkalemia (high blood potassium), and angioedema.[7] Use is not recommended during the entire duration of pregnancy as it may harm the baby.[7] Lisinopril works by inhibiting the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system.[7]
Lisinopril was patented in 1978 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1987.[7][11] It is available as a generic medication.[7] In 2021, it was the fourth most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 88 million prescriptions.[12][13] In July 2016, an oral solution formulation of lisinopril was approved for use in the United States.[7][14]