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Glyph origin
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Old Chinese |
砢 |
*ɡ·raːlʔ |
柯 |
*kaːl |
菏 |
*kaːl, *ɡaːl |
牁 |
*kaːl |
滒 |
*kaːl |
哥 |
*kaːl |
歌 |
*kaːl |
謌 |
*kaːl |
鴚 |
*kaːl |
哿 |
*kaːlʔ |
舸 |
*kaːlʔ |
笴 |
*kaːlʔ, *kaːnʔ |
軻 |
*kʰaːl, *kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
珂 |
*kʰaːl |
可 |
*kʰaːlʔ |
岢 |
*kʰaːlʔ |
坷 |
*kʰaːlʔ, *kʰaːls |
蚵 |
*kʰaːls, *ɡaːl |
呵 |
*qʰaːl, *qʰaːls |
訶 |
*qʰaːl |
抲 |
*qʰaːl |
荷 |
*qʰaːls, *ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
何 |
*ɡaːl, *ɡaːlʔ |
河 |
*ɡaːl |
苛 |
*ɡaːl |
魺 |
*ɡaːl |
袔 |
*ɡaːls |
阿 |
*qaːl |
妸 |
*qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
疴 |
*qaːl, *kʰraːls |
鈳 |
*qaːl |
娿 |
*qaːl, *qaːlʔ |
痾 |
*qaːl |
跒 |
*kʰraːlʔ |
閜 |
*qʰraːlʔ |
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Stacked form of 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ), perhaps an open mouth with breath going out while talking or singing. In fact, the original meaning of 哥 and perhaps 可 was "to sing; song".
Etymology
- “elder brother”
- This sense is attested in Medieval Chinese, and became popular during the Tang dynasty, gradually displacing 兄 (MC xjwaeng).
- It is a clipping of 阿哥 (MC 'a ka), a borrowing from Xianbei *aqa (“elder brother”) (Mei, 2015). Compare Proto-Mongolic *aka, whence also Mongolian ᠠᠬᠠ (ak-a, “elder brother”). Related to 阿干 (MC 'a kan), which is the definite form of the same Xianbei word (Mei, 2015).
Pronunciation
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Zhengzhang system (2003) |
Character |
哥 |
Reading # |
1/1 |
No. |
7437 |
Phonetic component |
可 |
Rime group |
歌 |
Rime subdivision |
1 |
Corresponding MC rime |
歌 |
Old Chinese |
/*kaːl/ |
Notes |
後作歌 |
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- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): gē (ge1)
- (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜ
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): go1
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гә (gə, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): go1 / go1-4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): go2
- Gan (Wiktionary): go1
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): kô
- (Meixian, Guangdong): go1
- Jin (Wiktionary): ge1
- Northern Min (KCR): gó̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): gŏ̤
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): ko / ko͘ / koh
- (Teochew, Peng'im): go1
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ku
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): go1
Definitions
哥
- older brother; elder brother
- older male relative of the same generation
- (honorific) term of address for a male person of the same age or older
- Short for 哥斯達黎加/哥斯达黎加 (Gēsīdálíjiā, “Costa Rica”).
- † Original form of 歌 (gē, “to sing; song”).
Synonyms
More information Variety, Location ...
Variety
| Location
| Words |
Classical Chinese |
兄 |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) |
哥哥, 兄長 |
Northeastern Mandarin |
Beijing |
哥哥, 哥 |
Taiwan |
哥哥, 哥 |
Harbin |
哥哥 |
Shenyang |
哥哥 |
Malaysia |
哥哥 |
Singapore |
哥哥 |
Jilu Mandarin |
Jinan |
哥哥 |
Jiaoliao Mandarin |
Yantai (Muping) |
哥 |
Central Plains Mandarin |
Luoyang |
哥 |
Wanrong |
哥 |
Xi'an |
哥 |
Xining |
阿哥 |
Xuzhou |
哥哥 |
Lanyin Mandarin |
Yinchuan |
哥哥 |
Ürümqi |
哥哥, 哥, 阿哥 Hui, >< |
Southwestern Mandarin |
Chengdu |
哥哥, 哥, 哥老倌兒, 哥老倌 |
Wuhan |
哥哥 |
Guiyang |
哥哥, 哥 |
Kunming |
哥哥 |
Liuzhou |
哥 |
Jianghuai Mandarin |
Nanjing |
哥哥 |
Yangzhou |
哥哥, 哥 |
Hefei |
哥哥 |
Cantonese |
Guangzhou |
大佬, 阿哥, 哥哥 >< |
Hong Kong |
大佬, 阿哥, 哥哥 |
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) |
哥哥 ><, 大佬 <>, 阿哥 <> |
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) |
哥哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) |
阿哥 |
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) |
哥哥 ><, 阿哥 <> |
Macau |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 |
Guangzhou (Panyu) |
阿哥 ><, 大哥, 大佬 <> |
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Guangzhou (Conghua) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Foshan |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) |
阿哥 |
Foshan (Shunde) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Foshan (Sanshui) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Zhongshan (Shiqi) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Zhuhai (Doumen) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Jiangmen (Baisha) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Jiangmen (Xinhui) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Taishan |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <>, 哥 |
Kaiping (Chikan) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Enping (Niujiang) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Heshan (Yayao) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Dongguan |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Yangjiang |
大佬, 阿哥 |
Nanning |
阿哥, 哥哥, 大佬 |
Wuzhou |
阿哥, 哥哥, 大佬 |
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) |
阿哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Singapore (Guangfu) |
大佬, 哥哥 |
Gan |
Nanchang |
哥哥 ><, 兄 <> |
Lichuan |
哥 ><, 兄 <> |
Hakka |
Meixian |
阿哥 |
Xingning |
阿哥 |
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) |
阿哥 |
Huiyang |
阿哥 |
Huidong (Daling) |
阿哥 |
Dongguan (Qingxi) |
阿哥 |
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) |
阿哥 |
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) |
阿哥 |
Wuhua (Shuizhai) |
阿哥 |
Wuhua (Huacheng) |
阿哥 |
Wuhua (Changbu) |
阿哥 |
Wuhua (Mianyang) |
阿哥 |
Wuhua (Meilin) |
阿哥 |
Heyuan (Bendihua) |
阿哥 |
Wengyuan |
阿哥 |
Shaoguan (Qujiang) |
哥哥 |
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) |
阿哥 |
Liannan |
阿哥 |
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) |
阿哥 |
Jiexi |
阿哥, 哥 |
Luhe |
阿哥 |
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) |
阿哥 |
Changting |
老伯 |
Wuping |
老伯 |
Wuping (Yanqian) |
老伯哩 |
Wuping (Pingyu) |
哥 |
Liancheng |
老伯 |
Ninghua |
老伯 |
Yudu |
哥哥, 老伯 |
Ningdu |
哥哥 |
Ruijin |
哥哥, 老兄 |
Shicheng |
老伯 |
Shangyou (Shexi) |
老伯 |
Tonggu (Sandu) |
哥哥 |
Ganzhou (Panlong) |
老伯 |
Dayu |
哥哥 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) |
阿哥 |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) |
阿哥 |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) |
阿哥 |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) |
阿哥 |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) |
阿哥 |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) |
阿哥 |
Hong Kong |
阿哥 |
Yangxi (Tangkou) |
阿哥 |
Yangchun (Sanjia) |
阿哥 |
Xinyi (Sihe) |
大佬 |
Xinyi (Qianpai) |
阿哥, 大佬 |
Gaozhou (Xindong) |
阿哥 |
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) |
阿哥 |
Huazhou (Xin'an) |
阿哥 |
Lianjiang (Shijiao) |
阿哥 |
Lianjiang (Qingping) |
阿哥, 大哥 |
Mengshan (Xihe) |
哥 |
Luchuan |
哥 |
Sabah (Bao'an) |
阿哥 |
Sabah (Longchuan) |
阿哥 |
Senai (Huiyang) |
阿哥 |
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) |
阿哥 |
Singkawang |
阿哥 |
Huizhou |
Jixi |
哥哥 |
Jin |
Taiyuan |
哥哥, 哥 |
Northern Min |
Jian'ou |
哥仔, 哥哥 |
Eastern Min |
Fuzhou |
依哥 |
Fuqing |
哥, 阿哥 |
Matsu |
依哥 |
Singapore (Fuqing) |
阿哥 |
Southern Min |
Xiamen |
阿兄, 阿哥, 兄哥, 俺兄 |
Quanzhou |
阿兄 |
Jinjiang |
大兄 |
Yongchun |
阿哥, 哥, 阿兄, 兄 |
Dehua |
阿兄 |
Zhangzhou |
阿兄, 咉兄 <> |
Zhao'an |
兄, 阿兄 |
Taipei |
阿兄 |
New Taipei (Sanxia) |
阿兄 |
Kaohsiung |
兄哥 |
Yilan |
阿兄 |
Changhua (Lukang) |
阿兄 |
Taichung |
大兄 |
Taichung (Wuqi) |
阿兄 |
Tainan |
阿哥, 兄哥, 兄哥仔 |
Taitung |
大兄 |
Hsinchu |
阿兄 |
Kinmen |
阿兄 |
Penghu (Magong) |
阿兄 |
Penang (Hokkien) |
阿哥, 哥, 哥哥 |
Singapore (Hokkien) |
阿兄, 大兄 |
Manila (Hokkien) |
阿兄, 哥仔 archaic |
Chaozhou |
阿兄 |
Shantou |
阿兄 |
Jieyang |
阿兄 |
Bangkok (Teochew) |
阿兄 |
Johor Bahru (Teochew) |
阿兄 |
Singapore (Teochew) |
阿兄 |
Leizhou |
兄 ><, 尼兄 <> |
Wenchang |
阿哥 |
Haikou |
阿兄 ><, 阿哥 ><, 兄 <> |
Singapore (Hainanese) |
阿哥 |
Puxian Min |
Putian |
阿兄 |
Xianyou |
阿兄 |
Zhongshan Min |
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) |
哥 ><, 大佬 <> |
Southern Pinghua |
Nanning (Tingzi) |
阿哥 |
Wu |
Shanghai |
阿哥, 哥哥 |
Shanghai (Chongming) |
阿哥 |
Suzhou |
阿哥 |
Danyang |
哥哥 |
Hangzhou |
阿哥, 哥哥 |
Ningbo |
哥哥, 阿哥 |
Wenzhou |
阿大, 哥哥 |
Jinhua |
哥哥 ><, 哥 <> |
Xiang |
Changsha |
老兄, 哥哥 |
Shuangfeng |
老兄, 哥哥 |
Hengyang |
老兄 <>, 哥哥 >< |
Note |
>< - face-to-face; <> - non-face-to-face |
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Dialectal synonyms of
哥哥 (“elder brother”)
[map]
Descendants
- → Thai: โก (goo, “older brother”) (typically said by ethnic Chinese)
Hanja
哥 (eumhun 성씨 가 (seongssi ga))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Han character
哥: Hán Nôm readings: ca, kha
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.