saprast

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Latvian

Etymology

From sa- + prast (to know how, to be able to). The meaning of this word stabilized during the 19th century; before that, it could often mean the same as prast: “to know how,” “to be able to.”[1]

Verb

saprast (transitive, 1st conjugation, present saprotu, saproti, saprot, past sapratu)

  1. to understand (to perceive something by using concepts, notions, judgments in one's mind)
    saprast mākslas darbusto understand works of art
    saprast drauga pārdzīvojumusto understand a friend's experiences
    saprast sabiedrības attistības virzībuto understand the development path of society
  2. to understand (to know, to grasp the meaning of something, what someone means)
    saprast dažus vārdus angļu valodāto understand a few words in English
    saprast žestuto understand a gesture
    Eiropa mūs nesapratīsEurope won't understand us
    viņš sveicināja un sacīja kaut ko, bet neviens viņa nesaprata, jo viņš nerunā latviskihe saluted and said something, but nobody understood him, because he doesn't speak Latvian
    ar vārdu “zeme” saprotam mēs daudzby (lit. with) the word “earth” we understand (= mean) a lot

Conjugation

More information INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme), IMPERATIVE (pavēles izteiksme) ...
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) IMPERATIVE
(pavēles izteiksme)
Present
(tagadne)
Past
(pagātne)
Future
(nākotne)
1st pers. sg. es saprotu sapratu sapratīšu
2nd pers. sg. tu saproti saprati sapratīsi saproti
3rd pers. sg. viņš, viņa saprot saprata sapratīs lai saprot
1st pers. pl. mēs saprotam sapratām sapratīsim sapratīsim
2nd pers. pl. jūs saprotat sapratāt sapratīsiet,
sapratīsit
saprotiet
3rd pers. pl. viņi, viņas saprot saprata sapratīs lai saprot
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present saprotot Present Active 1 (Adj.) saprotošs
Past esot sapratis Present Active 2 (Adv.) saprazdams
Future sapratīšot Present Active 3 (Adv.) saprotot
Imperative lai saprotot Present Active 4 (Obj.) saprotam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) Past Active sapratis
Present saprastu Present Passive saprotams
Past būtu sapratis Past Passive saprasts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative (būt) jāsaprot Infinitive (nenoteiksme) saprast
Conjunctive 1 esot jāsaprot Negative Infinitive nesaprast
Conjunctive 2 jāsaprotot Verbal noun saprašana
Close

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “prast”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

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