sáp

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sap"

Vietnamese

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *k-raːp (“wax”), probably from Old Chinese 蠟 (OC *k.rˤap) (B-S) (SV: lạp). However, as the Chinese word was not attested until the 2nd to 3rd century CE, the loan direction could be from Proto-Vietic into Old Chinese instead.^[1][2][3] In that case, the Proto-Vietic could be from another Sino-Tibetan source; compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-krjap (“bug; ant; insect (lac); cochineal”), whence Burmese ချိပ် (hkyip, “lac”), Proto-Loloish *C-gripᴸ (“lac; pine”), Jingpho krep (“bedbug”).

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [saːp̚˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʂaːp̚˦˧˥] ~ [saːp̚˦˧˥]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʂaːp̚˦˥] ~ [saːp̚˦˥]

Noun

sáp • (蠟, 臘)

1. wax
2. pomade
3. (Nghệ An, Hà Tĩnh) candle

Synonyms

• (candle): nến

Derived terms

• giấy sáp
• phấn sáp

References

1. Ferlus, Michel (2012) “Linguistic evidence of the trans-peninsular trade route from North Vietnam to the Gulf of Thailand (3rd-8th centuries)”, in Mon-Khmer Studies, volume 41, pages 10–19
2. Ferlus, Michel (2012b) “Origine des noms anciens du Cambodge: Fou-nan et Tchen-la. L’interprétation des transcriptions chinoises”, in Péninsule, volume 65, number 2, pages 47–64
3. • Jacques, Guillaume (2016) “Un emprunt du vietnamien en chinois?”, in Panchronica