- Afrikaans: heerser
- Albanian: sundimtar (sq) m
- Arabic: حَاكِم m (ḥākim)
- Egyptian Arabic: حاكم m (ḥakem)
- Armenian: տիրակալ (hy) (tirakal)
- Azerbaijani: hökmdar (az), hakim (az), hökmran
- Bashkir: батша, хаким
- Belarusian: праві́цель m (pravícjelʹ), улада́р m (uladár)
- Bengali: শাসক (bn) (śaśok)
- Bulgarian: властели́н (bg) m (vlastelín), господа́р (bg) m (gospodár), владе́тел (bg) m (vladétel)
- Burmese: အုပ်ချုပ်သောသူ (uphkyupsau:su)
- Catalan: líder (ca) m, governant (ca) m
- Cherokee: ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ (ugvwiyuhi)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 統治者/统治者 (zh) (tǒngzhìzhě)
- Czech: vládce (cs) m
- Danish: hersker (da) c
- Dutch: heerser (nl) m
- Egyptian: (ḥqꜣ)
- Esperanto: regnestro
- Estonian: riigivalitseja
- Finnish: hallitsija (fi)
- French: dirigeant (fr) m, chef (fr) m
- Georgian: მმართველი (mmartveli)
- German: Herrscher (de) m
- Gothic: 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃 m (reiks), 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 m (fraujinōnds)
- Greek: κυβερνήτης (el) m (kyvernítis)
- Ancient: ἀρχός m (arkhós), ἄρχων m (árkhōn), ἡγεμών m (hēgemṓn)
- Haitian Creole: chèf
- Hebrew: מַנְהִיג (he) m (manhíg), שַׁלִּיט m (shálit)
- Hindi: शासक (hi) m (śāsak), हाकिम (hi) m (hākim), हुक्मरान (hi) m (hukmarān)
- Hungarian: uralkodó (hu)
- Icelandic: alvaldur m, drottnari m
- Indonesian: penguasa (id)
- Irish: rialtóir m
- Italian: sovrano (it) m
- Japanese: 支配者 (ja) (しはいしゃ, shihaisha), 知事 (ja) (ちじ, chiji), 統治者 (とうちしゃ, tōchisha)
- Javanese: ratu (jv)
- Kazakh: билеуші (kk) (bileuşı), басқарушы (basqaruşy)
- Kikuyu: mũthamaki class 1
- Korean: 통치자(統治者) (ko) (tongchija), 지배자(支配者) (ko) (jibaeja)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: hikumdar (ku)
- Kyrgyz: бий (ky) (biy), башкаруучу (ky) (başkaruucu), аким (ky) (akim)
- Latgalian: vaļdinīks m
- Latin: dominātor m, tyrannus m
- Latvian: valdnieks m
- Lithuanian: valdõvas m
- Macedonian: владетел m (vladetel), владар m (vladar)
- Malay: penguasa (ms), pemerintah
- Middle English: reuler, senyour
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: захирагч (mn) (zaxiragč)
- Nahuatl: tecutli
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: hersker (no) m, makthaver (no) m
- Nynorsk: herskar m, makthavar m
- Old Prussian: rikis
- Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qǧn¹ /qaɣan/)
- Ottoman Turkish: حكمدار (hükümdar)
- Pashto: حاکم (ps) m (hākem)
- Persian:
- Iranian Persian: حاکِم (fa) (hâkem), حُکْمْران (fa) (hokmrân), والی (fa) (vâli)
- Polish: władca (pl) m, włodarz m
- Portuguese: governante (pt) m
- Romanian: guvernant (ro) m, domnitor (ro) m
- Russian: прави́тель (ru) m (pravítelʹ), властели́н (ru) m (vlastelín), власти́тель (ru) m (vlastítelʹ), госуда́рь (ru) m (gosudárʹ)
- Sanskrit: अधिप (sa) m (adhipa), शासक (sa) m (śāsaka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: вла̀да̄р m, во̏ђа f
- Roman: vlàdār (sh) m, vȍđa (sh) f
- Slovak: vládca m
- Slovene: vladar (sl) m
- Spanish: gobernante (es)
- Swedish: härskare (sv) c, ledare (sv) c
- Tabaru: koana
- Tagalog: naghahari
- Tajik: ҳоким (hokim), ҳукмдор (hukmdor)
- Tatar: хаким (tt) (xaqim)
- Telugu: అధికారి (te) (adhikāri)
- Ternate: kolano
- Thai: ผู้ว่าการ (pûu-am-nuai-gaan)
- Tocharian B: kamartīke
- Turkish: hükümdar (tr), hükümran (tr)
- Turkmen: hökümdar
- Ukrainian: прави́тель (uk) m (pravýtelʹ), волода́р (uk) m (volodár)
- Urdu: حاکِم m (hākim), حُکْمَران m (hukmarān), والی (ur) m (vālī)
- Uyghur: ھۆكۈمدار (hökümdar), ھاكىم (hakim)
- Uzbek: hukmdor (uz), hokim (uz)
- Vietnamese: người thống trị
|