nitoa

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *nitodak, probably from Proto-Finno-Permic *ńiδa-.^[1] Cognates include Estonian niduma, Northern Sami njađđit and Erzya недямс (ńeďams). Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gned-, *gnod-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnitoɑˣ/, [ˈnit̪o̞ɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -itoɑ
• Syllabification^(key): ni‧to‧a

Verb

nitoa

1. (transitive) to staple (to bind with staples)

   Synonyms: naittaa, niitata

2. (transitive) to bind (tie pages together to form a book)

   Synonym: sitoa

3. (dialectal, transitive) to bind, tie together

   Synonym: sitoa

Conjugation

Inflection of nitoa (Kotus type 52*F/sanoa, t-d gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		nidon	en nido	1st sing.	olen nitonut	en ole nitonut
2nd sing.		nidot	et nido	2nd sing.	olet nitonut	et ole nitonut
3rd sing.		nitoo	ei nido	3rd sing.	on nitonut	ei ole nitonut
1st plur.		nidomme	emme nido	1st plur.	olemme nitoneet	emme ole nitoneet
2nd plur.		nidotte	ette nido	2nd plur.	olette nitoneet	ette ole nitoneet
3rd plur.		nitovat	eivät nido	3rd plur.	ovat nitoneet	eivät ole nitoneet
passive		nidotaan	ei nidota	passive	on nidottu	ei ole nidottu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		nidoin	en nitonut	1st sing.	olin nitonut	en ollut nitonut
2nd sing.		nidoit	et nitonut	2nd sing.	olit nitonut	et ollut nitonut
3rd sing.		nitoi	ei nitonut	3rd sing.	oli nitonut	ei ollut nitonut
1st plur.		nidoimme	emme nitoneet	1st plur.	olimme nitoneet	emme olleet nitoneet
2nd plur.		nidoitte	ette nitoneet	2nd plur.	olitte nitoneet	ette olleet nitoneet
3rd plur.		nitoivat	eivät nitoneet	3rd plur.	olivat nitoneet	eivät olleet nitoneet
passive		nidottiin	ei nidottu	passive	oli nidottu	ei ollut nidottu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		nitoisin	en nitoisi	1st sing.	olisin nitonut	en olisi nitonut
2nd sing.		nitoisit	et nitoisi	2nd sing.	olisit nitonut	et olisi nitonut
3rd sing.		nitoisi	ei nitoisi	3rd sing.	olisi nitonut	ei olisi nitonut
1st plur.		nitoisimme	emme nitoisi	1st plur.	olisimme nitoneet	emme olisi nitoneet
2nd plur.		nitoisitte	ette nitoisi	2nd plur.	olisitte nitoneet	ette olisi nitoneet
3rd plur.		nitoisivat	eivät nitoisi	3rd plur.	olisivat nitoneet	eivät olisi nitoneet
passive		nidottaisiin	ei nidottaisi	passive	olisi nidottu	ei olisi nidottu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		nido	älä nido	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		nitokoon	älköön nitoko	3rd sing.	olkoon nitonut	älköön olko nitonut
1st plur.		nitokaamme	älkäämme nitoko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		nitokaa	älkää nitoko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		nitokoot	älkööt nitoko	3rd plur.	olkoot nitoneet	älkööt olko nitoneet
passive		nidottakoon	älköön nidottako	passive	olkoon nidottu	älköön olko nidottu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		nitonen	en nitone	1st sing.	lienen nitonut	en liene nitonut
2nd sing.		nitonet	et nitone	2nd sing.	lienet nitonut	et liene nitonut
3rd sing.		nitonee	ei nitone	3rd sing.	lienee nitonut	ei liene nitonut
1st plur.		nitonemme	emme nitone	1st plur.	lienemme nitoneet	emme liene nitoneet
2nd plur.		nitonette	ette nitone	2nd plur.	lienette nitoneet	ette liene nitoneet
3rd plur.		nitonevat	eivät nitone	3rd plur.	lienevät nitoneet	eivät liene nitoneet
passive		nidottaneen	ei nidottane	passive	lienee nidottu	ei liene nidottu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		nitoa		present	nitova	nidottava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st nitoakseni nitoaksemme 2nd nitoaksesi nitoaksenne 3rd nitoakseen nitoaksensa		past	nitonut	nidottu
2nd	inessive2	nitoessa	nidottaessa	agent4	nitoma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st nitoessani nitoessamme 2nd nitoessasi nitoessanne 3rd nitoessaan nitoessansa		negative	nitomaton
	instructive	nitoen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	nitomassa	—
	elative	nitomasta	—
	illative	nitomaan	—
	adessive	nitomalla	—
	abessive	nitomatta	—
	instructive	nitoman	nidottaman
4th3	verbal noun	nitominen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st nitomaisillani nitomaisillamme 2nd nitomaisillasi nitomaisillanne 3rd nitomaisillaan nitomaisillansa

Derived terms

• nide
• nidonta
• nidos
• nitoja
• nitominen
• nituri

 

compounds

• nitomahakanen
• nitomakone
• nitomalaite
• nitomanasta
• nitomapistooli
• nitomasinkilä

 

References

1. Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “nitoa”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎ (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01

Further reading

• “nitoa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Anagrams

• Tonia, anoit, antoi, intoa, noita, otain, otina, taion, taoin

Garo

Etymology

Form nia + toa.

Verb

nitoa

1. to be beautiful; to be comely