maturus

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *mātus (“ripeness”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂-tu- (“id”), from *meh₂- (“to ripen, to mature”), with derivatives meaning "occurring at a good moment, timely, seasonable, early".^[1] See also Mātūta, mānus (“good”) and mānē (“early in the morning”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /maːˈtuː.rus/, [mäːˈt̪uːrʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /maˈtu.rus/, [mäˈt̪uːrus]

Adjective

mātūrus (feminine mātūra, neuter mātūrum, comparative mātūrior, superlative mātūrissimus); first/second-declension adjective

1. mature, full-grown
2. ripe
3. early, soon

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	mātūrus	mātūra	mātūrum		mātūrī	mātūrae	mātūra
genitive	mātūrī	mātūrae	mātūrī		mātūrōrum	mātūrārum	mātūrōrum
dative	mātūrō	mātūrae	mātūrō		mātūrīs
accusative	mātūrum	mātūram	mātūrum		mātūrōs	mātūrās	mātūra
ablative	mātūrō	mātūrā	mātūrō		mātūrīs
vocative	mātūre	mātūra	mātūrum		mātūrī	mātūrae	mātūra

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “mature”): immātūrus

Derived terms

• immātūrus
• mātūrē

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: mãtur
  • Romanian: mator (but likely via Slavic)
• Dalmatian:
  • matoir
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: maturo
  • Sicilian: maturu
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: madûr
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Ligurian: meuio, mèiro, meui
    • Lombard: madur, marud, marù
    • Piedmontese: madur, mur, mair, meuur, mèu, meuir, mòir, meur, meuver
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Francoprovençal: maür
    • Franco-Provençal: maur, maeur, meur, môr, mouare
  • Old French: meür
    • French: mûr
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: madur, madurt (Rossellonès)
  • Gascon: madut
  • Occitan: madur (all dialects)

    Vivaro-Alpine: mair, mèir, mavur, maür, meuur

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: maduro, matur (central)
  • Portuguese: maduro
  • Spanish: maduro
• Borrowings:
  • → Bulgarian: матура (matura)
  • → English: mature
  • → Franco-Provençal: maturo
  • → French: mature
  • → German: Matur, Matura
  • → Portuguese: maturo
  • → Romanian: matur
  • → Romansch: matur

References

• “maturus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “maturus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• maturus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to die young: mature decedere
    
  • (ambiguous) the corn is not yet ripe: frumenta in agris matura non sunt (B. G. 1. 16. 2)
    

1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 367