lashtë

Albanian

Etymology

From (lashë (le(f)t behind) +‎ -të) Proto-Albanian *lauša. According to Jokl (& Slavia Praha) from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“to grow; people”).^[1] A similar developement can be seen in Proto-Germanic *aldaz (“old”) (release → let grow → grow old).^[2] Related to Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃 (laus, “loosen, set free, empty”), further related to Ancient Greek λύω (lúō, “to loose, release”). Feist,^[3] Frisk,^[4] Haarmann,^[5] Kluge, Liukkonen and Pokorny^[6] favour(ed) a relation to Lithuanian ìlgas (“long”).

According to Çabej a derivative of lag (“I wet, moisten”)^[7] and to Meyer a loan from Latin lassus (“faint, languid”)^[8]

Cf. Albanian lasht m (“ancient time”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laʃtə/

Adverb

láshtë

1. early, anciently, long ago, once (time; era in the past)

   Synonyms: lashë, dikur, herët, njëherë

   Antonyms: tani, tash, tashti, sot

2. past, beyond, back then, at that time, in those days (further back of our time/era)

   Synonyms: kaluar, pranë, përpara

Adjective

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i lashtë (feminine plural të láshta)

1. ancient, early, very distant (period, era, time)

   Synonyms: largët, hershëm, dikurshëm, moçëm

2. ancient, old (history, languages, peoples, cities, proverbs, etc.)

   Synonyms: vjetër, plak, urtë

3. antique, archaic, old (costume, tradition, etc.)
4. (colloquial) leftover, odd, remaining (food, crops, seeds)

   Synonym: lashtash

   miell të lashtë ― leftover flour

Noun

láshtë m (plural láshta, definite (i) láshtë, definite plural (të) láshta)

1. overaged, old man; ancient person/figure, legend

   Synonyms: plak, kaluar, moçem

2. (botany, agriculture, domestication) plant/breed/species growing/developing faster and/or producing/maturing earlier than others

   Synonym: hershëm

   Antonym: vonë

Noun

láshtë f (plural láshta, definite láshta, definite plural láshtat / (të) láshta)

1. (colloquial, in the singular) ancient time

   Synonym: lasht m

   Në lashtë... ― In ancient times...

2. (in the plural) (early summer) harvest

   Plural meaning: harvest such as cereals and crops; which are sown in autumn and harvested during early summer.

Derived terms

• lashtore f (“free/ready to sow field”)
  • tëlashtore f
• lashtas (“early (age)”)
  • lashtazi (“id”)
  • lashtësi (“ancientness”)
• lashtak (“premature lamb”)
• lashtoj (“I develope earlier/prematurely”), lashtohem
  • lashtuar (“prematured”)

References

1. Jokl, Norbert (1911) Studien zur albanesischen Etymologie und Wortbildung (Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-Historischen Klasse der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften; 168) (in German), Vienna: A. Hölder, pages 226-228
2. Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “lashtë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, pages 214-215
3. Sigmund Feist (1939) Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der gotischen Sprache mit Einschluss des Krimgotischen und sonstiger zerstreuter überreste dez Gotischen (in German), 3 edition, Leiden: Brill, page 325
4. Hjalmar Frisk (1973) Griechisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, Band 2 (in German), Carl Winter, →ISBN, pages 149-150
5. Harald Haarman (1972) Der lateinische Lehnwortschatz im Albanischen (in German), Helmut Buske, Hamburg (De), page 132
6. Julius Pokorny (1959) Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch: I. Band, Volume 2 (in German), Francke, pages 681-682
7. Çabej, Eqrem (1976) “lashtë”, in Studime Gjuhësore II, Studime Etimologjike në Fushë të Shqipes, Prishtinë: Rilindja, pages 308-309
8. Meyer, G. (1891) “lashtë”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 238

Further reading

• adverb láshtë/lashtë • adjective (e/i) láshtë/lashtë • m. noun láshtë/lashtë • f. noun láshtë/lashtë • Fjalor Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)