konungr

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• kongr — later form

Runic

• ᚴᚢᚾᚢᚴᛁ (kunuki) — dative singular
• ᚴᚢᚾᚢᚴᛋ (kunuks) — genitive singular
• ᚴᚢᚾᚢᚴᛅᛦ (kunukaʀ), ᚴᚢᚿᚢᚴᛆᛧ (kunukaʀ) — nominative plural

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kuningaz (“king”). Cognate with Old English cyning, Old Frisian kening, kining, Old Saxon cuning, Old Dutch kuning, Old High German kuning.

Pronunciation

• (9th century West Norse) IPA^(key): /ˈkonunɡɹ̝/, [ˈkʰõ.n̺ʊ̃ŋɡ̊ɹ̻̊˔]
• (12th century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /ˈkonunɡr/

Noun

konungr m (genitive konungs, plural konungar)

1. a king
   • Heimskringla, in 1829, J. F. W. Schlegel, Hin forna lögbok islendinga sem nefnist Gragas, Volume II. Copenhagen, page 345:

     Egill konungr spurði þetta, ok fór at leita þeira með liði sínu […]

     King Egil heard of this and began to seek them with his men […]

Declension

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	konungr	konungrinn	konungar	konungarnir
accusative	konung	konunginn	konunga	konungana
dative	konungi	konunginum	konungum	konungunum
genitive	konungs	konungsins	konunga	konunganna

  Declension of konungr (strong a-stem)

Derived terms

Terms derived from konungr

• konunga (“to address as a king”)
• konungakyn (“royal kin”)
• konungaskipti (“succession”)
• konungastefna (“meeting of kings”)
• konungasætt (“peace between kings”)
• konungatal (“series of kings”)
• konungamaðr (“royal person”)
• konungríki (“kingdom”)
• konungsatsetr (“royal residence”)
• konungsbréf (“royal writ, warrant”)
• konungsbú (“royal estate”)
• konungsefni (“future king”)
• konungseigur (“royal property”)
• konungseyrendi (“royal errand”)
• konungsfundr (“audience given by a king”)
• konungsgarðr (“royal palace”)
• konungshǫfn (“royal haven”)
• konungskveðja (“address to a king”)
• konungsleyfi (“king's leave”)
• konungslykill (“axe”)
• konungslægi (“royal berth”)
• konungsnafn (“royal title”)
• konungsnautr (“royal gift”)
• konungsníðingr (“traitor to a king”)
• konungsríki (“kingdom”)
• konungssetr (“royal residence”)
• konungsskrúði (“king's apparel”)
• konungssteði (“the mint”)
• konungssveit (“king's retinue”)
• konungssýsla (“royal office”)
• konungssæti (“royal seat, residence”)
• konungstekja (“election of a king”)
• konungstign (“royal dignity”)
• konungsvígsla (“coronation”)
• konungsæll (“blessed with good kings”)

Descendants

• Icelandic: konungur, kóngur
• Faroese: kongur, konungur
• Norn: konung
• Norwegian Nynorsk: konge, kong, konung; (dialectal) kung
• Jamtish: kung
• Elfdalian: kunungg
• Old Swedish: konunger, kununger, kunger
  • Swedish: konung, kung, kong
• Old Danish: kung, konung
  • Scanian: káng
  • Danish: konge, kong, konning
    • Norwegian Bokmål: konge
    • → Greenlandic: kunngi
• Old Gutnish: kunungr
  • Gutnish: kuningg, kungg

References

• “konungr”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• konungr in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, R. Cleasby and G. Vigfússon, Clarendon Press, 1874, at Internet Archive.
• konungr in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.